Dynamic model for the wheel–rail contact friction

Accurately estimating the coefficient of friction (CoF) is essential in modelling railroad dynamics, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing safety in rail operations. The typical assumption of a constant CoF is widely used in theoretical studies; however, it has been noticed that the CoF is not constant, but rather depends on various dynamic parameters and instantaneous conditions. In this paper, we present a newly developed three-dimensional nonlinear CoF model for the dry rail condition and test the CoF variation using this model with estimated dynamic parameters. The wheel–rail is modelled as a mass–spring–damper system to simulate the basic wheel–rail dynamics. Although relatively simple, this model is considered sufficient for the purpose of this study. Simulations are performed at a train speed of 20 m/s using rail roughness as an excitation source. The model captures the CoF extremes and illustrates its nonlinear behaviour and instantaneous dependence on several structural and dynamic parameters.     

Investigation of the effects of sleeper-passing impacts on the high-speed train

The sleeper-passing impact has always been considered negligible in normal conditions, while the experimental data obtained from a High-speed train in a cold weather expressed significant sleeper-passing impacts on the axle box, bogie frame and car body. Therefore, in this study, a vertical coupled vehicle/track dynamic model was developed to investigate the sleeper-passing impacts and its effects on the dynamic performance of the high-speed train. In the model, the dynamic model of vehicle is established with 10 degrees of freedom. The track model is formulated with two rails supported on the discrete supports through the finite element method. The contact forces between the wheel and rail are estimated using the non-linear Hertz contact theory. The parametric studies are conducted to analyse effects of both the vehicle speeds and the discrete support stiffness on the sleeper-passing impacts. The results show that the sleeper-passing impacts become extremely significant with the increased support stiffness of track, especially when the frequencies of sleeper-passing impacts approach to the resonance frequencies of wheel/track system. The damping of primary suspension can effectively lower the magnitude of impacts in the resonance speed ranges, but has little effect on other speed ranges. Finally, a more comprehensively coupled vehicle/track dynamic model integrating with a flexible wheel set is developed to discuss the sleeper-passing-induced flexible vibration of wheel set.     

如何解决车辆通过曲线时车轮产生啸叫声

概述了车辆通过曲线时车轮产生啸叫声的原因,并提出了解决啸叫声的方法.     

汽车车轮加速疲劳试验的研究

以累积损伤理论为基础，对汽车车轮加速疲劳试验进行了研究，以缩短试验时间，降低试验成本。     

中国古代造船业对世界的贡献与影响(连载一)

中国的独木舟出现可能与西方同期，风帆出现比埃及晚，但是一经问世，技术上先进程度却是惊人的，特别是公元前后到十五世纪，许多发明创造更是举世瞩目。这些发明和创造，不但丰富和发展了自己，而且使世界各国受益非浅，极大地促进了世界造船业发展与航海贸易进行，其贡献是辉宏的。通过以船型、水密舱壁、明轮推进、船舵与使帆技术、船体建造及其工艺、导航技术、造船理论、船舶检验与管理、水战兵器、郑和下西洋意义等十个方面进行介绍，它充分证明了中华民族有着光辉灿烂的文化，中国人民，是勤劳智慧的人民。在增加民族自豪感同时，也激励我们继往开来，与时俱进，勇往直前。     

机车轮对温差法装配过程三维弹塑性模拟

用有限元方法对机车轮对温差法装配过程进行了三维弹塑性模拟,分析了车轮与车轴中的等效应力和接触应力的分布以及轮对的塑性变形,探讨了轮毂配合间的边缘应力集中问题,对轮对过盈配合的设计具有一定的指导意义.     

阳极氧化染色技术在摩托车铝轮上的应用

随着国际市场大力开拓,人们对色彩搭配有了更高的要求,高端的染色技术在摩托车铝轮上的应用成为当前市场的迫切需要。铝阳极氧化的原理实质上就是水电解的原理。通过阳极氧化染色技术,可以提高摩轮产品的表面性能,改进涂装工艺性,该技术可广泛应用于各种材料的车轮涂装和生产领域。     

舵附推力鳍在导管桨推轮上的应用

结合某内河推轮的模型,初步研究了舵附推力鳍在导管桨推轮上应用的可能性及其安装等有关问题,为舵附推力鳍在导管桨推轮上的应用提供参考资料。     

基于独立旋转车轮的变轨距转向架研究

世界各国铁路一直保存着多种不同轨距的现状,解决铁道车辆在轨距不同区间的直通运行是国际和地区间联运中亟待解决的问题,采用变轨距转向架技术是一种行之有效的方法。研究变轨距转向架的机理及结构,提出变轨距转向架的技术设计方案。着重对变轨距转向架的结构进行方案设计,并建立相应的动力学模型,利用计算机数值仿真模拟方法对变轨距转向架进行参数优化和动力学计算。对变轨距转向架的动力学性能进行详细的分析。主要研究内容如下。(1)进行变轨距转向架的方案设计研究,从变轨距车轮的型式、移动模式、载荷的承载方式、锁紧机构及变轨…     

交流传动城轨动车轮径允差问题的探讨

由于异步牵引电机力矩的硬特性 ,轮径的细小差别对于由同一台逆变器供电的并联电机负荷分配影响极大。负载分配不均会使个别电机严重过载 ,轻则温升过高 ,重则超过粘着极限发生空转或滑行。因此对动车的轮径差必须有严格要求。本文通过对交流传动城轨动车轮径差值的分析 ,提出新造车辆的轮径选配标准