安徽丰原集团铁路专用线接轨方案探讨

铁路专用线是衔接国铁路网与工业企业(厂、矿、港)的重要纽带,其接轨方案直接影响专用线运输效率效益。结合安徽丰原集团地理位置及周边既有铁路车站分布,分析连城站接轨和固镇站接轨2个方案。在综合比选确定连城站接轨方案的基础上,提出连城站东侧接轨方案与西侧接轨方案。经过比较分析线路长度、工程投资、车站改造条件、运输组织、城市规划等因素,确定采用连城站东侧接轨方案,为铁路专用线接轨站设置提供借鉴。     

The capitalization of subway access in home value: A repeat-rentals model with supply constraints in Beijing

Urban rail transit enhances accessibility of the communities it serves and often contributes to the value of local real properties. A small number of studies have gone beyond the traditional cross-sectional hedonic analysis to use repeat-sales data in the US for more robust estimation of rail transit’s impact on property value. While the empirical literature generally supports the positive capitalization of rail transit in home value, it has produced widely varied estimates and failed to incorporate the theoretical insight that more elastic housing supply would reduce the extent of local amenities’ capitalization in home value. Observing Beijing’s rapid expansion of subway lines during the late 2000s, this study uses repeat rental transactions from 2005 to 2011 to investigate how home value reacts to the change in the home’s distance to nearest subway station. Repeat-rentals estimates suggest a rent-distance elasticity of −0.02, 70% below the cross-sectional hedonic estimate. Moreover, using the unique history of state-owned enterprise relocations as instrument for intra-city variation in land supply, we find that the capitalization of subway proximity in home value is weaker where land supply is more elastic. Our findings support the significant bias caused by omitted variables in the hedonic estimates and confirm housing supply’s role in explaining the intra-city spatial variation in estimates.     

Influences of built environment characteristics and individual factors on commuting distance: A multilevel mixture hazard modeling approach

Concerns over transportation energy consumption and green-household gas (GHG) emissions have prompted a growing body of research into the influence of built environment on travel behavior. Studies on the relationship between land use and travel behavior are often at a certain aggregated spatial unit such as traffic analysis zone (TAZ), spatial issues occur among individuals clustered within a zone because of the locational effects. However, recognition of the spatial issues in travel modeling was not sufficiently investigated yet. The object of this study is twofold. First, a multilevel hazard model was applied to accommodate the spatial context in which individuals generate commuting distance. Second, this research provides additional insights into examine the effects of socio-demographics and built environment on commuting distance. Using Washington metropolitan area as the case, the built environment measures were calculated for each TAZ. To estimate the model parameters, the robust maximum likelihood estimation method for a partial function was used, and the model results confirmed the important roles that played by the TAZ and individual level factors in influencing commuting distance. Meanwhile, a comparison among the general multilevel model, single level and multilevel hazard models was conducted. The results suggest that application of the multilevel hazard-based model obtains significant improvements over traditional model. The significant spatial heterogeneity parameter indicates that it is necessary to accommodate the spatial issues in the context of commuting distance. The results are expected to give urban planners a better understanding on how the TAZ and individual level factors influence the commuting distance, and consequently develop targeted countermeasures.     

单片机在可遥控的十字路口机动车红绿灯控制系统的使用

本文探讨了单片机在可遥控的十字路口机动车红绿灯控制系统的使用,其中包括系统设计思想、工作原理、软件程序设计。     

关于北方内陆河流水资源开发利用问题初探

本文对北方河流开发问题进行研究,从最大程度利用现有已建水利枢纽工程的调节能力,兴建新的水利工程,在满足下游生态水量的情况下,研究增加流域水土开发规模的可能性。     

沥青混凝土摊铺机使用难点分析

就路面施工中沥青混凝土摊铺机的机械性能和使用情况，从维修保养、操作技术、熨平板的拼装以及如何提高路面平整度几方面进行了分析，对施工中遇到的部分问题进行了处理。     

汽车离合器使用期限的理论计算

汽车离合器在实际使用过程中，希望能预测出一定条件下工作的零件的磨损值，以便于控制零件的磨损和制订合理的维修期限。通过对汽车离合器的工作条件和磨损性质的分析，提出了一种采用理论计算来预测汽车离合器使用期限的方法。     

轨道交通建设影响下土地利用性质空间分异的组合预测模型

在先验数据有限且存在不确定因素情形下，为解决城市轨道交通沿线土地利用性质空间分异的预测问题，提出一种基于系统云灰色模型和马尔可夫链的组合预测模型。采用系统云灰色模型，使用较少量的历史数据完成城市轨道交通沿线各类性质用地面积变化曲线的粗略拟合；借助马尔可夫链进行系统状态划分，通过缩小预测区间以提高预测精确度；运用组合预测模型，对2003-2015年南京市轨道交通1号线主要吸引范围内土地利用性质的空间分异进行了预测分析。计算结果表明：轨道交通建设加剧了城市土地利用性质的空间分异，其周边各种性质的土地利用面积变化趋势呈现出非平稳随机过程特性；轨道交通建设对不同性质土地利用的影响方式与影响强度各不相同，其中，对居住用地具有强烈的吸引作用，对公建用地吸引作用不明显，对工业用地具有明显的排斥作用。     

自动变速器汽车的合理使用

与传统手动机械式变速器相比，自动变速器无论是在结构原理，还是在使用维修上，都有其自身的特点和独特的规律。从强制低挡、提前升挡、上下坡行驶、换挡模式选择、超速挡行驶及杜绝加速滑行等几方面人手，对如何合理地使用装有自动变速器汽车的问题展开深入地探讨，目的是减少自动变速器汽车的故障发生，降低其运行和检修费用，延长其使用寿命。     

Impact of Transmilenio on density,land use,and land value in Bogotá

While urban sprawl has been the general growth pattern in most developing cities worldwide, the city of Bogotá has undergone a process of densification in specific areas in the past decade. Using a differences-in-differences methodology, we have shown that the bus rapid transit (BRT) network, Transmilenio, built in this period is one of the variables that account for this higher density. Areas served by Transmilenio, especially those in the periphery that have been provided with feeder bus routes, have a higher growth than zones without access to this system. Using a similar methodology for assessing the growth of newly built areas, we have not found a clear relation between the BRT and recent evolution of residential, commercial, or work areas. However, recent scientific literature confirms an impact of the BRT on land value.