2012年中国车市7大猜想

2011年中国汽车市场增速放缓,2012年的走势引人注目。通过对宏观经济、行业政策及消费环境的分析,指出2012年中国车市在刚性需求下,将在低速增长中调整。同时,2012年汽车市场的竞争更加激烈,车价走低是大势所趋,全球新车争相登陆中国市场,豪华车市场将继续东方不败,自主品牌企业面临更加严峻的挑战,独特的设计和人性化的配置成为购车首选。     

海洋环境监测是海洋发展和维权的支撑

海洋维权装备必须适应海洋环境,海洋环境又无休止地影响着海洋装备的功能和性能.要想提高装备技术水平,发挥装备的最大效能,在应用和研制装备的同时,要充分了解海洋环境对装备的诸多影响,要研究海洋环境与装备相关性技术.本文根据海洋维权装备发展顶层设计的需求,从功能上定性地探讨分析海洋环境对雷达探测、水声探测、目标识别、精确制导、信号传输、导航定位等方面的影响,提出海洋维权装备对海洋环境的适应性要求和对海洋环境效应技术的支撑性需求,提出把海洋环境监测要素纳入海战场辅助决策体系.海洋环境监测既是人类认知海洋、开发海洋、防灾救灾、海战场建设的需要,又是海洋发展和维权的支撑和先导,军民共建,军民共享,为发展海洋经济,保护海洋权益而励志奋进!     

基于协同环境下城市客车自顶向下设计

针对传统自底向上设计模式效率低的问题，研究基于三维CAD协同设计环境，借助公理设计理论（AD理论）的评审准则，构建模型数据层次构架；采用发明问题解决理论（TRIZ理论）的矛盾解决原理，协调模型构建过程冲突问题，从而建立协同环境下城市客车自顶向下设计的运行模式。为企业缩短产品开发时间，提升零部件通用性提供理论及实践参考。     

The role of residential self-selection in land use-travel research: a review of recent findings

ABSTRACT

Residential self-selection (RSS) is an important concern in the land use-travel research. Although many studies have addressed RSS during the past two decades, empirical results are inconsistent in terms of the existence, magnitude, and direction of self-selection bias. Moreover, recent studies substantiated other plausible associations within the theoretical framework of RSS, such as the endogeneity of travel attitudes. These further complicate the role of RSS in the land use-travel relationship. To improve understanding, this paper summarises recent progress in the RSS research, especially the studies published in the last decade. Specifically, we review three types of influences among the built environment, attitudes, and travel behaviour, and discuss unsolved problems within each type. We also discuss measurement issues of the built environment and attitudes in the RSS research. Because attitudes could be confounders, moderators, and mediators of the link between the built environment and travel behaviour, we recommend panel data with at least three waves of household travel surveys to address the complicated influences of attitudes. Future research needs to be more process-oriented to better understand the nature of RSS and its complex roles in the land use-travel research.     

Transshipment hub port selection for shipping carriers in a dual hub-port system

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the factors affecting transshipment (T/S) hub port selection by a feeder port and helps shipping carriers make a decision about T/S hub port selection in a dual hub-port system. By employing established evaluation factors, a case study is conducted to weigh the priority of factors and to select an alternative T/S hub port, such as between the Shanghai and Ningbo ports from the Nanjing feeder port in the Yangtze River delta (YRD). A combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the consistent fuzzy preference relations (CFPR) method is employed to both reduce the number of pairwise comparisons by AHP and to obtain experts’ knowledge in the decision-making process. The result indicates that the cost, availability of hub port’s space allocation, and the connectivity between feeder port and hub port are crucial factors for T/S hub port selection by shipping carriers. In the case study, Shanghai is selected as the T/S hub port from the Nanjing feeder port. Nevertheless, Ningbo port has the advantage of cost, and if the relationship with feeder port can be improved, Ningbo port would be preferred over Shanghai as a T/S hub port for shipping carriers in a dual hub-port system.     

Attitudes of Hong Kong residents to cars and public transport: Some policy implications

Hong Kong currently has low levels of car ownership and use due to a combination of good public transport, high population densities and high private transport costs. However, levels are rising, contributing to congestion and environmental problems. A major response by the government is to seek to increase rail's share of public transport journeys from its current level of 33% to 45% by 2016. After reviewing the transport situation in Hong Kong, the paper discusses the appropriateness of these targets as well as questioning whether they are achievable. The results of a questionnaire survey of 595 residents of Hong Kong, designed to elicit people's attitudes to cars and public transport, are analysed. It is concluded that unless the government does more to curb car ownership and use, rail targets will have little chance of being achieved.     

铁路快速货运方案研究

我国经济进入新常态,铁路快货运输迎来良好发展机遇。从铁路快速货运现状分析出发,以问题为导向,对快速货运硬件(铁路高速铁路、普速铁路通道,主要运输节点、运载及装卸设备)和软件(运输组织模式、标准化、信息化、智能化等)环境方案进行研究。提出铁路快速货运应依托高速铁路网,普速铁路网的网路优势,在国家综合物流通道基础上,优化完善铁路快运通道布局,着力构建铁路快运运输通道和物流节点,满足市场对快速货运的要求。     

浅谈基层就地冷再生技术在辽宁省的应用

在道路养护施工方案中,道路基层就地冷再生以其适用范围广、对公共交通影响小、节约工期、再生层质量高、节省成本和国家土地资源、环保等诸多优势正在成为现有道路养护施工中的热门方案,它的发展必将代替传统的旧路面基层施工.     

滩海工程环境因子与人工岛工程相互作用初探

综合国内外人工岛现状和相关研究,初步探讨分析了滩海工程环境因子与滩海工程的相互作用,结果提出了与滩海构筑物相互作用的关键环境因素为风浪、强潮流、海冰、海底地质灾害4个因子,并最终以泥沙迁移和海床失稳两种方式与构筑物相互影响。     

真空预压加固吹填土地基对周边环境的影响

为了研究真空预压加固吹填土地基对周边环境的影响,结合广州港南沙港区二期工程软基处理工程现场试验,综合分析了真空预压影响区的孔隙水压、地下水位、沉降和侧向变形等变化规律.分析结果表明,真空预压的影响距离达28～41 m,影响深度达24 m;真空预压对周围影响与地质条件等有较大的联系,影响区插设塑料排水板后,地表沉降和表层位移降低约2/3,侧向位移降低约1/3;影响区为已真空预压加固区时,影响区土体变形模量因固结而增大,刚度提高,侧向变形显著降低,约为未加固影响区的6%.