The socio-economics of travel behavior and environmental burdens: A Detroit,Michigan regional context

The transportation industry—particularly light-duty vehicles—is a significant contributor of greenhouse gasses, accounting for about one-third of overall emissions in the U.S. Research to date has studied various factors that impact travel behavior of residents with varying socio-economic characteristics. However, research on the socio-economic characteristics of residents and their impact on environmental burdens within a single urban region, as measured by fuel consumption and vehicular emissions, is recognized as under-represented in the U.S. planning and transportation literature. This study focuses on the Detroit region, Michigan, a unique case study due to the scale of suburbanization and urban decline, yet representative of many mid-western cities. The article explores how socio-economic characteristics impact travel patterns and environmental burdens within six Detroit region neighborhoods. Data on individual travel behavior and personal vehicle characteristics gathered from a mail survey enabled an analysis into how associated environmental burdens varied with socio-economic composition. The analysis explores contributions to environmental burdens between poorer urban and wealthier suburban populations.     

新疆地区某公路施工项目管理存在的问题及对策

基于新疆地区某公路施工项目管理的实践经验，分析管理中存在的问题，并针对性地提出相应解决对策，以期为实际公路施工项目管理工作提供借鉴和参考。     

Multi-agent simulation of individual mobility behavior in carpooling

Carpooling is an emerging alternative transportation mode that is eco-friendly and sustainable as it enables commuters to save time, travel resource, reduce emission and traffic congestion. The procedure of carpooling consists of a number of steps namely; (i) create a motive to carpool, (ii) communicate this motive with other agents, (iii) negotiate a plan with the interested agents, (iv) execute the agreed plans, and (v) provide a feedback to all concerned agents. In this paper, we present a conceptual design of an agent-based model (ABM) for the carpooling a that serves as a proof of concept. Our model for the carpooling application is a computational model that is used for simulating the interactions of autonomous agents and to analyze the effects of change in factors related to the infrastructure, behavior and cost. In our carpooling application, we use agent profiles and social networks to initiate our agent communication model and then employ a route matching algorithm, and a utility function to trigger the negotiation process between agents. We developed a prototype of our agent-based carpooling application based on the work presented in this paper and carried out a validation study of our results with real data collected in Flanders, Belgium.     

路堑环境协调性评价指标体系与评价方法

为了评价路堑与环境的协调性,构建了路堑协调性评价指标体系。由视觉环境协调、生态环境协调、交通环境协调构成了准则层,线形等8项内容构成子准则层,公路线形与地形的协调程度等22个指标构成指标层,利用层次分析法给出了各级指标的权重,利用多级模糊综合评价获得了路堑协调性评价的结果,并给出了基于层次分析法的多级模糊综合评价方法算例。     

Opportunities for increased profit and reduced cost and emissions by service differentiation within container liner shipping

This paper investigates opportunities for increased profit and reduced emissions and cost by service differentiation within container shipping. Traditionally the strategy among the container lines has been profit maximization by utilizing economies of scale through the building of larger and faster vessels. In 2008, the financial crisis in combination with higher fuel prices put an end to this progress and in today’s market operators are basically trying to survive by providing standardized services at the lowest possible cost. This study investigates alternative strategies and the results indicate that container lines should provide two different services instead of one standardized service. A fast service to be more competitive versus air freight for fast-moving goods and a slow service to be more competitive versus traditional shipping types for transport of minor bulk, break bulk, liquid bulk and project cargo.     

Well-being and Transport: Taking Stock and Looking Forward

ABSTRACT

It is only recently that researchers have attempted to directly link transport to models of well-being and in turn try to map transport's linkages to well-being outcomes. This paper seeks to add to this new literature by introducing a dynamic model of well-being, which highlights the different domains that make up well-being, and in turn — through providing one of the most holistic and comprehensive discussions of the current well-being literature — provide an evaluation of our current understanding of transport's relationship to well-being. The paper also seeks to highlight the different dimensions and complexities of seeking to monitor and improve well-being through transport policy. It will in turn be argued that the varied and complex sets of outcomes that arise from transport policy interventions, and the multiple ways in which they affect well-being, make a well-being approach (that measures policy outcomes in terms of units of well-being) of particular value for policy-makers. However, due to the complexities in comparing positive well-being outcomes, it is argued that the best use of well-being evidence for the transport sector may be to try to minimise the negative effects on well-being caused by policy outcomes.     

高速公路施工监理中应注意的环保问题

随着高速公路修建规模的扩大和数量的增多,其对环境的影响日益变得严重.鉴于此,通过分析高速公路施工对环境的影响,讨论了监理在高速公路施工环保中的作用,并从道路施工、取弃土场作业、场地处理等角度出发,提出了具体的优化措施,以保护高速公路周边环境.     

永蓝高速公路建设前期工作中的 环保设计探讨

结合永蓝高速公路的实际情况,对高速公路项目建设前期阶段的环境影响作了比较深入地分析与探讨,总结归纳了该阶段环境保护工作的重点与措施,提出了一些环保设计思路与方法,供高速公路建设者和公路设计者参考。     

山区公路建设与生态环境保护探析

以某具体工程为例,针对山区公路建设给当地生态环境带来的影响,根据工程概况,结合环境保护原则及相关的技术标准,提出符合当地实际情况的环保措施,以降低山区公路建设对自然环境的不良影响。     

公路机械化施工与环境可持续发展研究

公路的机械化施工与养护,常常会给周围环境带来污染、给人们的健康带来危害。鉴于此,分析机械化施工与养护的环境破坏表现,提出公路工程建设中的环境可持续发展策略,以期为降低公路施工及养护造成的环境破坏提供一些借鉴。