储能装置的投入对整流发电机突加负载时瞬时电压的影响

为了定量确定整流发电机突加负载时的瞬时电压变化与储能补偿功率之间的关系,提出了一种基于负载等效和曲线拟合的瞬时电压计算方法。该方法通过将整流发电机直流侧的突加负载折算到交流侧,并利用整流桥的电压特性,分别给出了空载突加和带载突加时的瞬时电压表达式;然后,将储能装置的投入等效为负电阻的形式进行功率补偿,通过计算得到瞬时电压与补偿功率之间的关系;最后,根据PSCAD仿真结果对理论计算进行曲线拟合,得到调整后的瞬时电压与补偿功率之间的关系,为下一步研究储能装置的优化配置提供了理论依据。     

一种基于直翼推进器的动力定位推力分配方法优化研究

推力分配是动力定位控制算法中的重要组成部分,在满足执行机构的物理约束和任务使用约束的同时将高层控制器的指令转化为底层执行机构的控制输入,实现期望控制指令的最优化实施。本论文采用改进的推力分配算法对配备直翼推进器的船舶进行约束条件下的推力分配优化研究,并以某型工程船为背景进行仿真验证,结果表明相比逻辑算法该优化算法效果更佳。     

一种新型水下平台的水平面运动控制

新型水下平台用于从水面布放设备至海底,或从海底回收至水面指定位置,其主要运动形式为垂向无动力下潜或上浮。为了克服垂向运动过程中来自水平方向洋流的扰动,需要对平台的水平位置和首向进行控制。针对平台水动力系数等模型参数难以计算,水平洋流未知、且水平推进系统布置特殊的特点,设计了不依赖于模型参数且具有全局稳定性的水平面运动控制系统,并应用Lagrange方法对推力分配进行了优化从而减小运动控制的总功耗。最后通过仿真对控制算法进行了验证。     

Identification of ice loads on shell structure of ice-going vessel with Green kernel and regularization method

Ice loads are important environmental loads that can influence the structural safety of ships during navigation in ice-covered waters. The identification of ice loads on ship hulls is the core of ice load monitoring. In this study, a new ice load identification model based on Green kernel and regularization methods is established. First, the forward model for ice load identification is developed through the discretised convolution integral of ice loads. Next, three commonly used regularization methods, including Tikhonov, truncated singular value decomposition, and least square QR-factorization (LSQR) are adopted to reduce solution errors. The LSQR method is thereafter selected as the optimal regularization operator, and its regular property is proved by numerical cases with ice-induced strains that contain noise. Finally, two load identification cases are conducted on an experimental rig to evaluate the feasibility of the model in ice load identification. The identified loads can determine the signal features of applied loads in the time domain with good accuracy. This identification model provides new insights for full-scale ice load monitoring.     

瞬时滑动状态下轮轨摩擦系数试验研究

为研究瞬时滑动状态下荷载、速度对轮轨摩擦系数的影响规律,基于摩擦学第二定律,以U71 Mn钢轨为试验材料,研究瞬时滑动状态下,荷载、速度对轮轨摩擦系数的影响。结果表明:在瞬时滑动状态下,速度对摩擦系数的影响较为显著,摩擦系数随速度的增加而减小,当瞬时滑动速度达到2.6 m/s时,摩擦系数为0.34,较初始测定速度降低10%。摩擦力与荷载的增加成正比,但在瞬时滑动速度恒定的条件下,摩擦系数几乎不受荷载改变的影响。车轮发生瞬时滑动时,较大列车轴重和较小车轮自旋速度有利于车轮获得较大摩擦力,这对行车安全是有利的。列车瞬时滑动状态与制动状态下的摩擦系数是有差异的,在工程实际和轮轨接触分析时应根据车轮的滑动状态选用相应的摩擦系数。     

铁路非运输业经营管理分析及建议

结合铁路非运输业多年经营发展实际,分析非运输业经营管理中存在的问题和短板,认为业务布局不合理、运输与非运输业企业管理模式趋同、配套制度不完善,缺乏激励机制、运营模式落后,市场化程度不高是当前铁路非运输业经营管理中存在的主要问题.建议通过优化资源管理及配置模式、优化业务布局,加快企业重组整合、建立现代企业制度,落实三项制...     

Investigation on fatigue characteristics of transparent submersible manned cabin structure

Fatigue life prediction of transparent submersible manned cabin (TSMC) structure is investigated. Firstly, a simplified mechanical model of a cylindrical shell-hemispherical shell (CS-HS) structure is established, and the strength characteristic of the TSMC structure is gained, as well as deflections and displacements are obtained by solving the model with the non-moment theory and moment theory. Secondly, the load history of the TSMC structure is analyzed, and the load spectrum of this structure is got by analyzing and fitting the existing diving data. Finally, a method of nonlinear virtual interval division technique for the load spectrum is first presented. The predicted results have excellent agreement with the experimental data. The results show that the working depth of the large-deep deep manned cabins is within the range of 0 m–500 m, while the load history is composed of the submersible loading-uploading-unloading and payload-uplifting-unloading. In addition, the load spectrum shows that the number of dives is within the range from 299.7 m to 432.9 m. The proposed model can efficiently provide a guideline of the design and manufacturing of the transparent submersible manned cabin structure.     

舰艇自防御系统指挥决策模型研究

该文对舰艇自防御系统指挥决策中的威胁评估和武器分配模型进行了研究。研究了一种改进的灰色关联度的威胁评估方法,使其能够满足舰艇自防御系统的实时性和准确性;在威胁评估的基础上,研究了一种改进的模拟退火算法的武器分配方法,按一定的分配原则和约束条件,使舰艇自防御系统的抗击效率最大。     

分段预舾装负荷平衡法研究与应用

本文主要从分段预舾装作业对象的特点及初期生产存在的问题入手,提出了预舾装管理中负荷平衡的必要性。探讨了如何利用效率工具转换出负荷平衡修正系数,以及负荷平衡在实际生产中的应用。     

基于能量最优的组合偏置推力分配算法研究

推力分配是动力定位控制系统的关键技术之一,其任务是将控制器输出的合力分配给各推进器。本文针对推力分配中存在的问题,提出组合偏置思想并设计了自适应组合偏置策略,建立了组合偏置推力分配算法。该算法基于能量最优方法,能够自适应地调整偏置量,兼顾船舶的能量消耗和操纵性。仿真结果表明该算法能有效地提高船舶的动态性能。