我国航海心理学研究的现状与展望

综述了我国航海心理学发展的历史和现状,从航海心理学学科理论体系构建、生物节律、海员心理过程、海员心理疲劳、海员个性与测验编制、海员心理卫生状态等六个方面阐述了我国在航海心理学方面的研究成果,对目前航海心理学研究中存在的一些问题,提出了看法,并展望了航海心理学发展的方向。     

采用模型设计和模型试验方法研制大型泵

本文对采用模型设计和模型试验方法研制大型离心泵的计算理论，结构设计和材料选用等问题进行了探讨，确认了只有在正确运用相似计算公式的前提下才能保证相似设计可靠性的观点，验证了叶轮进口截面几何形状对离心泵汽蚀性能和效率值的影响，并提出了国内现有的能较好满足船艇货油泵运转条件的材料组合建议方案。     

柴油机船舶推进装置的建模和实时仿真

本文根据准稳态的概念建立了适用于实时仿真的二冲程柴油机船舶推进装置的多阶一性模型。在充分多的试验数据的基础上，结合工作原理建立了各子系统及整个装置的动态模型，这种模型既能反映柴油机内部各参数，精度较高，计算工作量也比较适中。文中提出了一些经验公式，使模拟得以有效地简化。最后，作为实例给出了３５０００吨油船推进装置的实时仿直     

12VE230ZC-C型柴油机的研制

介绍了１２ＶＥ２３０ＺＣ－Ｃ型柴油机研制过程中,为提高柴油机功率,降低燃油消耗率、延长大修期所进行的设计研究,及样机的性能试验,可靠性试验、装船试验的试用情况。     

基于NetDDE和数据库的综合船舶信息显示系统

应用ＶｉｓｕａｌＢａｓｉｃ的网络动态数据交换（ＮｅｔＤＤＥ）、ＡｃｔｉｖｅＸ数据对象（ＡＤＯ）和ＡｃｉｔｖｅＸ控件技术实现综合船舶信息显示系统。电子海图信息显示系统（ＥＣＤＩＳ）,各种航海传感器和船舶自动舵的数据通信接口板送到网络服务器的大型数据库中,机舱数据采集系统因其报警显示要求的快速实时性面采用ＮｅｔＤＤＥ技术传到综合船舶信息显示系统中。整个系统中的数据处理、显示等采用ＡＤＯ和相应的控件配合     

节能减排环保背景下的船用双燃料柴油机发展研究

船用天然气/柴油双燃料柴油机是一种具有良好发展前景的节能减排环保船用动力设备。从船用双燃料柴油机发展的时代背景,发展趋势及天然气燃料的优势,包括国内外船用柴油机发展趋势、船用双燃料柴油机的发展前景、船用天然气燃料的优势;船用双燃料柴油机及其子系统研究;船用双燃料柴油机的国内发展现状等方面,对节能减排环保背景下的船用双燃料柴油机发展进行了研究。     

Monitoring marine plankton ecosystems: Identification of the most relevant indicators of the state of an ecosystem

The number of variables involved in the monitoring of an ecosystem can be high and often one of the first stages in the analysis is to reduce the number of variables. We describe a method developed for geological purposes, using the information theory, that enables selection of the most relevant variables. This technique also allows the examination of the asymmetrical relationships between variables. Applied to a set of physical and biological variables (plankton assemblages in four areas of the North Sea), the method shows that biological variables are more informative than physical variables although the controlling factors are mainly physical (sea surface temperature in winter and spring). Among biological variables, diversity measures and warm-water species assemblages are informative for the state of the North Sea pelagic ecosystems while among physical variables sea surface temperature in late winter and early spring are highly informative. Although often used in bioclimatology, the utilisation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index does not seem to provide a lot of information. The method reveals that only the extreme states of this index has an influence on North Sea pelagic ecosystems. The substantial and persistent changes that were detected in the dynamic regime of the North Sea ecosystems and called regime shift are detected by the method and corresponds to the timing of other shifts described in the literature for some European Systems such as the Baltic and the Mediterranean Sea when both physical and biological variables are considered.     

海上保险可保利益原则探析

可保利益原则是海上保险法中的基本原则之一。纵观可保利益原则的发展历程,其一贯的主要内涵可被简化为:被保险人对保险标的不具可保利益的保险合同不可被执行。本文试图揭示可保利益原则的内在属性和实在价值,并对其发展前景作一展望。     

Quantifying uncertainty in high-resolution coupled hydrodynamic-ecosystem models

Marine ecosystem models are becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated, and are being used to estimate the effects of future changes in the earth system with a view to informing important policy decisions. Despite their potential importance, far too little attention has been, and is generally, paid to model errors and the extent to which model outputs actually relate to real-world processes. With the increasing complexity of the models themselves comes an increasing complexity among model results. If we are to develop useful modelling tools for the marine environment we need to be able to understand and quantify the uncertainties inherent in the simulations. Analysing errors within highly multivariate model outputs, and relating them to even more complex and multivariate observational data, are not trivial tasks. Here we describe the application of a series of techniques, including a 2-stage self-organising map (SOM), non-parametric multivariate analysis, and error statistics, to a complex spatio-temporal model run for the period 1988–1989 in the Southern North Sea, coinciding with the North Sea Project which collected a wealth of observational data. We use model output, large spatio-temporally resolved data sets and a combination of methodologies (SOM, MDS, uncertainty metrics) to simplify the problem and to provide tractable information on model performance. The use of a SOM as a clustering tool allows us to simplify the dimensions of the problem while the use of MDS on independent data grouped according to the SOM classification allows us to validate the SOM. The combination of classification and uncertainty metrics allows us to pinpoint the variables and associated processes which require attention in each region. We recommend the use of this combination of techniques for simplifying complex comparisons of model outputs with real data, and analysis of error distributions.     

循环式燃油系统的仿真和优化

本又研究了一种适合劣质燃油（重油）的新型循环式燃油系统（一泵二嘴四阀），并建立了描述新型喷油器的四区模型，以及用于燃油分配器和新型喷油泵的仿真模型。仿真结果与试验结果较为吻合。本文还进行了不同功率点变型方案的仿真研究和结构参数的优化设计分析，以满足不同船舶的需要。