基于Q学习算法的摘挂列车调车作业计划优化

针对摘挂列车编组调车作业计划编制问题,基于强化学习技术和Q学习算法,提出1种调车作业计划优化方法。在表格调车法的基础上,将调车作业计划分为下落和重组2个部分。通过动作、状态和奖励3要素构建调车作业问题的强化学习模型,以调车机车为智能体,以车组下落的股道编号为动作,以待编车列的下落情况为状态,形成车组挂车、摘车具体条件和车辆重组流程,并依据车组下落的连接状态和车辆重组后产生的总调车程设计奖励函数。改进Q学习算法求解模型,以最小化调车程为目标,建立待编车列与最优调车作业计划之间的映射关系,智能体学习充分后即可求解得到最优的调车作业计划。通过3组算例对比验证本方法效果,结果表明:相较于统筹对口法和排序二叉树法,本方法使用的股道数量更少、调车作业计划更优;相较于分支定界法,本方法可在更短时间内求解质量近似的调车作业计划。因而,本方法有助于提高车站调车作业计划编制的智能化决策水平。     

网络合作学习策略下的大学生英语思辨能力培养实证研究

我国大学英语新一轮教学改革特别强调应注重学思结合,其根本目标就是要提高学生的思辨能力、创新能力。作者将网络合作学习策略探索性的应用在大学英语课堂教学活动中,通过实验教学、问卷调查及访谈等方式开展实证研究。通过实验数据分析,发现网络合作学习策略在教学中的应用的确对提高学生的思辨能力水平起到了积极推动的作用。     

商务英语课程项目化情景教学改革

高职英语课程项日化教学体现了高职教育培养目标对高职教学的要求，顺应了现代社会发展的要求。商务英语课程项目化情景教学突破了传统的教学模式，通过解决一些现实问题来实现学生对知识的掌握，大大提高学生学习的积极性和主动性，也使学生的动手能力、解决实际问题能力得到很大提高。     

Privacy protection method for fine-grained urban traffic modeling using mobile sensors

With the ubiquitous nature of mobile sensing technologies, privacy issues are becoming increasingly important, and need to be carefully addressed. Data needs for transportation modeling and privacy protection should be deliberately balanced for different applications. This paper focuses on developing privacy mechanisms that would simultaneously satisfy privacy protection and data needs for fine-grained urban traffic modeling applications using mobile sensors. To accomplish this, a virtual trip lines (VTLs) zone-based system and related filtering approaches are developed. Traffic-knowledge-based adversary models are proposed and tested to evaluate the effectiveness of such a privacy protection system by making privacy attacks. The results show that in addition to ensuring an acceptable level of privacy, the released datasets from the privacy-enhancing system can also be applied to urban traffic modeling with satisfactory results. Albeit application-specific, such a “Privacy-by-Design” approach would hopefully shed some light on other transportation applications using mobile sensors.     

EFI系统自学习模糊控制的研究

本文提出了一种电子汽油喷射系统的智能控制方案－自学习模糊控制，自学习控制通过对燃油喷射脉冲宽度的调控，使发动机在运行的全过程中始终在保证动力性的基础上达到油耗最低的最佳或满意状态，自学习控制中喷射脉宽的增量是由模糊控制来确定的，实验证明，该智能控制系统改善了发动机的性能。     

城市轨道交通中个人导向方法研究

文章运用层次分析的方法来阐述个人导向功能的实现原理,提出了利用现阶段飞速发展的移动通信体技术,设计一种应用在城市轨道交通中具有个人导向功能的移动通信体,以改善城市轨道交通中个人导向功能薄弱的现状。     

The Impact of Travel Time Information on Travelers’ Learning under Uncertainty

In this work, laboratory experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of feedback on decision-making under uncertainty, with and without provided information about travel times. We discuss the prediction of travelers’ response to uncertainty in two route–choice situations. In the first situation travelers are faced with a route–choice problem in which travel times are uncertain but some external information about routes’ travel times is provided. The second situation takes place in a more uncertain environment in which external information about travel times is not provided, and the travelers’ only source of information is their own experience. Experimental results are in conflict with the paradigm about traveler information systems: As a consequence of information, the propensity of travelers to minimize expected travel time is not necessarily increased. Providing travelers with static information about expected travel times reveals an increase in the heterogeneity of travelers’ choices and reduces the maximization rate.     

Understanding the impacts of mobile phone distraction on driving performance: A systematic review

The use of mobile phones while driving—one of the most common driver distractions—has been a significant research interest during the most recent decade. While there has been a considerable amount research and excellent reviews on how mobile phone distractions influence various aspects of driving performance, the mechanisms by which the interactions with mobile phone affect driver performance is relatively unexamined. As such, the aim of this study is to examine the mechanisms involved with mobile phone distractions such as conversing, texting, and reading and the driving task, and subsequent outcomes. A novel human-machine framework is proposed to isolate the components and various interactions associated with mobile phone distracted driving. The proposed framework specifies the impacts of mobile phone distraction as an inter-related system of outcomes such as speed selection, lane deviations and crashes; human-car controls such as steering control and brake pedal use and human-environment interactions such as visual scanning and navigation. Eleven literature-review/meta-analyses papers and 62 recent research articles from 2005 to 2015 are critically reviewed and synthesised following a systematic classification scheme derived from the human-machine system framework. The analysis shows that while many studies have attempted to measure system outcomes or driving performance, research on how drivers interactively manage in-vehicle secondary tasks and adapt their driving behaviour while distracted is scant. A systematic approach may bolster efforts to examine comprehensively the performance of distracted drivers and their impact over the transportation system by considering all system components and interactions of drivers with mobile phones and vehicles. The proposed human-machine framework not only contributes to the literature on mobile phone distraction and safety, but also assists in identifying the research needs and promising strategies for mitigating mobile phone-related safety issues. Technology based countermeasures that can provide real-time feedback or alerts to drivers based on eye/head movements in conjunction with vehicle dynamics should be an important research direction.     

示范性高职院校服务“两型社会”建设的基本路径研究

＂两型社会＂是指＂资源节约型和环境友好型社会＂。建设＂两型社会＂是当代社会发展的需要,参与建设＂两型社会＂是示范高职院校自身发展的内在要求。示范高职院校为＂两型社会＂培养资源节约型和环境友好型人才,为＂两型社会＂提供高技术服务,谋求与经济、社会的双赢发展,引领我国高职院校健康发展。     

Daily rhythms of suburban commuters’ movements in the Tallinn metropolitan area: Case study with mobile positioning data

The objective of this study is to analyse the diurnal rhythms of city life and its spatial differences in Tallinn, using mobile telephone positioning data. The positioning experiment was carried out in April 2006 over an 8-day period and 15-min intervals, with a random sample of 277 respondents living in new residential areas outside the city of Tallinn.The investigation of the space–time movements and daily distances of respondents showed that the majority of respondents had a similar temporal rhythm related to work, school, services and leisure in the city. Because of the different timing of those activities, the mobile positioning data made it possible to map functional differences in the city. The advantages and disadvantages of mobile positioning data in mapping urban life are discussed in the final section of the study.