一种基于手机信令的通勤OD 训练方法

针对基站定位精度低、信令采样间隔长、轨迹不连续的手机信令,提出一种职 住及通勤OD(origin-destination)计算框架.对用户单日手机轨迹按时间排序,标识每个轨 迹点的进出时间及停留时间,剔除长距离漂移轨迹点,对邻近轨迹点进行空间聚合.将全 天划分为多个时窗,叠加用户多日轨迹,计算稳定指数并识别用户在各时窗内的多日稳 定点.综合工作日与节假日稳定点判断用户居住地、工作地.采用基于常住人口的扩样方 法,对街道通勤OD矩阵进行扩样.模型结果与重庆主城常住人口分布、2014 年居民出行 调查结果吻合.     

The costs and benefits of reducing SO2 emissions from ships in the US West Coastal waters

Potential costs and benefits of policy options for reducing offshore ship pollution are examined using a meta-analysis of studies synthesized regionally for the US West Coast. Net benefits of reducing SO₂ emissions from cargo ships in the US West Coast waters are found to range between $98 million and $284 million, annually; the benefit–cost ratio varies between 1.8 and 3.36, depending on the size of the control area and the sulfur content limit. The results show that about 21,000 tons of on-land equivalent SO₂ emissions or about 33% of SO₂ emissions from all mobile sources in California in 2005 can be reduced annually if the US West Coast exclusive economic zone is designated as an International Maritime Organization-compliant SO_x emission control area (SECA) with fuel-sulfur content not exceeding 1.5%. The analysis demonstrates that designating this area reduces more emissions than establishing a smaller zone at a lower but favorable benefit-cost ratio. Control measures that require 0.5% low-sulfur fuels reduce more SO₂ emissions, and also may have higher net benefits. Technological alternatives may achieve benefits of emissions reductions on the US West Coast across higher ranges of potential fuel prices. Combinations of fuel switching and control technology strategies provide the most cost-effective benefits from SECAs on the US West Coast and other world regions.     

Decomposing travel times measured by probe-based traffic monitoring systems to individual road segments

In probe-based traffic monitoring systems, traffic conditions can be inferred based on the position data of a set of periodically polled probe vehicles. In such systems, the two consecutive polled positions do not necessarily correspond to the end points of individual links. Obtaining estimates of travel time at the individual link level requires the total traversal time (which is equal to the polling interval duration) be decomposed. This paper presents an algorithm for solving the problem of decomposing the traversal time to times taken to traverse individual road segments on the route. The proposed algorithm assumes minimal information about the network, namely network topography (i.e. links and nodes) and the free flow speed of each link. Unlike existing deterministic methods, the proposed solution algorithm defines a likelihood function that is maximized to solve for the most likely travel time for each road segment on the traversed route. The proposed scheme is evaluated using simulated data and compared to a benchmark deterministic method. The evaluation results suggest that the proposed method outperforms the bench mark method and on average improves the accuracy of the estimated link travel times by up to 90%.     

广铁集团电话订票系统的设计与实现

在广铁集团电话订票系统是在广铁集团现有信息系统的基础上,借助铁路的数据传输网,实现基于电话语音、手机短信、互联网等多种接入模式的旅客实时信息服务系统.重点介绍系统的总体结构、自动语音流程、功能设计、关键技术和应用效果等.     

Analysis of taxi demand and supply in New York City: implications of recent taxi regulations

This paper investigates temporal and weather-related variation in taxi trips in New York City. A taxi trip data-set with 147 million records covering 10 months of activity is used. It is shown that there are substantial variations in ridership, taxi supply, trip distance, and pickup frequency for different time periods and weather conditions. These variations, in turn, cause variations in driver revenues which is one of the main measures of taxi supply–demand equilibrium. The findings are then used to discuss the anticipated impacts of two recently enacted taxi regulation changes: the first fare increase since 2006 and the E-Hail pilot program which allows taxi hailing with smart phone applications. The fare increase is estimated to cause varying levels of revenue increase for different time periods. E-Hail apps are not expected to offer considerable improvements at all times, but rather when both adequate taxi supply and demand occur simultaneously.     

融合手机信令数据的轨道交通出行分担率模型研究

交通行为模型广泛应用于城市出行需求分析等领域.传统行为模型的参数设置通常依赖经验判断,模型预测精度缺乏大样本验证手段.本文以重庆市解放碑-观音桥组团通道出行行为为研究对象,融合手机信令数据、AFC数据和问卷调查数据,构建随机参数分别为正态分布、均匀分布和γ分布的混合Logit模型,将手机信令数据与AFC数据分析结果作为...     

城市轨道交通iAFC方案研究

移动支付、语音购票、刷脸过闸等技术是城市轨道交通AFC(自动售检票系统)未来发展的方向。本文针对城市轨道交通领域移动支付技术的发展和应用,结合徐州地铁iAFC(互联网售检票系统)建设方案,对iAFC系统架构、业务场景、接口设计等方面进行阐述,对类似新建或改造AFC项目提供借鉴。     

基于手机信令数据的常规公交站间OD识别

为识别手机用户乘坐常规公交的OD,结合公交车辆GPS轨迹,在考虑常规公交换乘行为的基础上,建立基于手机用户与车辆轨迹相似度的常规公交出行识别模型,以及站间OD概率模型.通过地铁出行识别,融合手机信令数据与IC卡数据,提取包含百万样本的公交与非公交出行数据,以此作为验证集.进一步分析各参数取值、出行距离、公交线路重复系数...     

预应力空心板先张法钢绞线整体式张拉施工工艺

介绍了预应力空心板钢绞线整体式张拉及放张的施工工艺、操作要点及操作工序,以及在操作过程中须注意的一些问题。     

面向地下停车场的轻量级目标检测算法研究

基于深度学习的目标检测算法能够取得良好的检测速度离不开高性能GPU硬件设备的支持。然而,在智能车中搭载高性能、高功耗、大尺寸的硬件设备与汽车的长续航理念不符。因此,文章以YOLOv3目标检测算法为基线模型进行改进,提出轻量化的目标检测模型Mobile-YOLO,并在采集制作的地下停车场数据集中进行训练测试。实验结果表明,提出了Mobile-YOLO相较于YOLOv3,在平均精度均值略微提升的情况下,检测速度提升了47.1%。在移动端平台TX2上每秒能够检测31张图像。