基于UPPAAL的二乘二取二逻辑建模与仿真

二乘二取二冗余结构以其高安全性和高可靠性特点,被广泛应用于核电、航空航天和铁路等安全关键领域。为验证二乘二取二冗余结构的核心逻辑,保证其高安全性和高可靠性的要求,对二乘二取二逻辑进行建模与验证。基于时间自动机理论,以列控车载ATP子系统二乘二取二冗余逻辑为研究对象,在分析工作原理的基础上,利用UPPAAL工具建立二乘二取二冗余逻辑的时间自动机模型,分别验证二乘、二取冗余逻辑的基本安全属性。根据验证后的软件逻辑模型,实现冗余逻辑仿真。模型构建与程序仿真的结果表明:车载ATP二乘二取二冗余逻辑结构具有高安全性与高可靠性。     

汽车覆盖件冲压成形数值仿真建模技术

总结阐述了汽车覆盖件冲压成形数值仿真中几何模型和有限元模型的建立方法及注意事项,并对某型轿车发动机罩内板的冲压成形进行了数值仿真。     

New energy vehicle in China for sustainable development: Analysis of success factors and strategic implications

The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of the influential factors that affect the sustainable development of new energy vehicle in China, investigate the cause-effect relationships among them, and propose some appropriate policies and efficacious measures for the policy-makers to promote its sustainable development. Interpretative Structuring Modeling was used to identify the critical factors affecting the sustainability of China’s new energy vehicle industry and to find the potential relationships among the factors; subsequently, fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory was employed to investigate the cause-effect relationships among the influential factors and to prioritize these factors. The results reveal that technological maturity, technological standards for new energy vehicles, and funds on R&D of new energy vehicles are the three most important driving factors for promoting the sustainable development of new energy vehicle industry of China. Some implications were also proposed for China’s authority. The success factors and strategic implications of new energy vehicles in China were investigated in a multi-criteria analysis approach.     

Development of distress condition index of asphalt pavements using LTPP data through structural equation modeling

Traditional pavement distress index such as the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) developed by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers determines coefficients of distresses based on subjective ratings. This study proposed an asphalt pavement distress condition index based on various types of distress data collected from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The SEM method treated the overall distress index as a latent variable while various distresses were treated as endogenous and other influence factors such as age, layer thickness, material type, weather, environment and traffic, were exogenous observed variables. The SEM method modeled the contributions of various distresses as well as the influence of other factors on the overall pavement distress condition. Influences of age, layer thickness, material type, environment and traffic on the latent distress condition were in accordance with previous studies. Compared with previous attempts to model latent pavement condition index utilizing SEM method, more pavement condition measurements and influencing factors were included. Specifically, this study adopted the robust maximum likelihood estimator (MLR) to estimate parameters for non-normally distributed data and derived the explicit expression of latent variables with intercepts. A multiple regression prediction model was built to calculate an overall condition index utilizing those measured distress data. The established pavement distress index prediction model provided a rational estimation of weighting coefficients for each distress type. The prediction model showed that alligator cracking, longitudinal cracking in wheel path, non-wheel path longitudinal cracking, transverse cracking, block cracking, edge cracking, patch and bleeding were significant for the latent pavement distress index.     

A GIS‐based traffic analysis zone design: technique

The main purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient method to design traffic analysis zones (TAZs), which is necessary for implementing a planning process with Geographic Information System (GIS) for Transportation (GIS‐T), using statistical spatial data analyses and GIS technology. The major roles of GIS in this method are: (1) to produce basic spatial units (BSUs) with topological data structure; (2) to integrate various procedures during the TAZ generation including computer program routines; and (3) to visualize the output of each TAZ generation. One of the most significant reasons for obtaining well‐defined TAZs is the fact that they are defined at the outset of transportation demand modeling, used from trip generation to trip assignment, and will ultimately affect transportation policy decisions.

Toward obtaining well‐defined TAZs, this paper concentrates on two important constraints: homogeneity and contiguity. Iterative partitioning technique is adopted to promote the optimum homogeneity of generated TAZs, while a contiguity checking algorithm is developed to ensure contiguous TAZs are generated by the iterative partitioning technique.     

基于VC的VRML中复杂物体建模研究

探讨了基于VC的VRML中复杂物体建模的方法。首先介绍了VRNIL语言出现的背景和应用前景,描述了VILML语言的建模能力,并特别说明了用IndexedFaceSet建模时的要点,最后通过对心型曲面的建模论证了基于VC的VRML中复杂物体建模方法的可行性。     

A model study with light-dependent mortality rates of copepod stages

This paper is based on an advanced ecosystem model of the Baltic Sea (ERGOM [J. Mar. Sys. 25 (3–4) (2005) 405]), but with an increased resolution of the zooplankton stage variable [J. Plankton Res. 23 (2001) 1217; ICES Marine Science 219 (2003) 208]. The model copepods are represented by five stages: eggs, an aggregated variable of nauplii, two aggregated groups of copepodites and adults. The transfer among the stages, i.e., hatching, molting and reproduction, is controlled by food availability and temperature.As usual, the model food web is truncated at the level of zooplankton. The study explores the effects of different parametrization of zooplankton mortality and looks in particular on light-dependent rates. The light climate may serve a proxy for the effects of visual feeding of fish larvae and fish. Different choices of the mortality parameters can result in remarkable differences in abundances and biomass of the model zooplankton and in the timing of its development.It is found that the different choices of mortality affect the development of populations in several ways: Relative small initial differences of abundances at the beginning of the spring bloom are important for the development of the model populations. Higher mortality rates are less important at food rich conditions than at scarce resources. At low phytoplankton levels, the individual development of the copepods through the stages can be faster for elevated mortality rates because then less animals have to share the available food.     

智能交通系统车载体系框架的研究

为了完成智能交通车载体系框体系统的研究，采用了从需求入手，定义智能交通服务，建立逻辑框架和物理框架，并从包括标准化范围检查在内的广泛的多种着眼点进行评从的工作流程。在逻辑框架和物理框架的建立过程中应用了统一建模语言进行体系框架的开发。并提出了系统评价表单评价项目，建立了关于路线引导功能的控制模型和个体模型，通过具体的实例对智能交通车载体系框架的建立方法进行了阐述。     

Effect of wheel-slip prevention based on sliding mode control theory for railway vehicles

It is important to consider the robustness when designing brake control systems, because of the model's uncertainties that result from the nonlinear characteristics of wheel-to-rail adhesion forces and brake material friction coefficients. This paper presents the experimental results from the new wheel-slip prevention control using nonlinear robust control theory. The authors performed experiments for the proposed wheel-slip prevention control to compare it with the conventional control laws. The experimental results proved the comparative effectiveness of the proposed control and showed high brake performance under nonlinear characteristics of brake dynamics.