汽车硅油风扇离合器性能试验方法研究和测试台研制

通过对汽车硅油风扇离合器工况的模拟和高效测试方法的研究,研制测试其各项技术参数的数控自动测试台。实现对产品性能的自动、高效、准确的判定。     

混合动力汽车AMT系统故障诊断研究

以CA6124SH8混合动力汽车上匹配的CA-85HPT2 AMT为研究对象,根据解析冗余、故障树分析、基于系统动作反馈等原理,运用Matlab/Simulink搭建AMT系统故障诊断模型,再以混合动力汽车远程监控数据采集系统采集实车运行数据作为仿真模型输入参数,通过读取模块将参数输入诊断模型中,从而判断AMT系统各个单元故障情况。试验结果证明了故障诊断的准确性,对今后解决匹配AMT系统的混合动力汽车高故障率问题意义重大。     

海浪中船舶运动的可视化技术

介绍了船舶在海浪中运动的可视化技术。给出了可视化设计过程的流程图，并讨论了建立船舶模型的可行方法和三维波浪模型的数学模型，以及如何应用OpenGL函数库来生成船舶在海浪中运动的动画。在讨论可视化技术时，使用了具有平台独立性的OpenGL图形库。     

模似器在港口航道设计中的应用

阐述船舶操纵模拟器在港口航道设计中的应用情况。通过上海港外高桥挖入式港池设计研究的实例说明模拟器的成功运用。这些模拟技术和方法对于降低航道费用、增强船舶营运安全和提高港口生产效率都有较大作用。     

船艏横向加强框架对船艏耐撞性能的影响

在撞击过程中船艏结构的典型损伤是外壳板和内加筋的褶皱，撕裂和弯曲。在以前的船舶结构的碰撞分析的简化方法或数值模拟中往往略去横向肋骨框架对船艏碰撞性能的影响。本文利用有限元数值仿真方法研究了横向肋骨框架在碰撞损坏过程中的作用，发现其对船艏结构的损伤形态、碰撞力及能量耗散有重要影响。因而是碰撞计算中不可忽略的因素。     

造船经济论证方法的探讨

船舶经济分析是船舶技术经济论证的主要环节之一,但传统的造船经济论证方法存在着一定的缺陷。为此,充分考虑各个因素的不确定性,考虑经营的风险性,对传统的造船经济论证方法加以综合改进,形成新的造船论证方法——计算机模拟方法。与传统方法相比,计算机模拟的方法在最终结果的处理上更有现实意义。     

基于热舒适性模拟评价的城市广场改造研究——以长沙五一广场为例

积极应对全球气候变化是我国经济社会发展的重大战略。低碳减排的新型城镇化要求提高城市的气候适应性,缓解城市气候问题。构建良好人居环境、推动社会高质量发展是当前面临的重大问题。在我国湿热地区的高密度中心城区,人流密集的枢纽型广场热舒适性日益受到关注,在其改造过程中引入模拟评价以改善环境整体热舒适度,对缓解城市热岛、优化城市空间规划建设、提升城市品质具有较强的现实意义。基于城市微气候模拟软件ENVI-met对方案进行数值模拟,得到6个热舒适性评价指标(预测平均投票、标准有效温度、生理等效温度、通用热气候指数、湿黑球温度、温湿指数)构建综合评价指标。通过ArcGIS量化处理后,比选长沙市五一广场3个改造方案的热舒适度,并从水体、铺地材料和植被等方向进一步优化。研究结果表明：微气候数值模拟的运用能优化规划方案的热舒适性,水体、铺砖、植被的类型选择、面积大小、组合模式都能有效降低温度提高热舒适性,单一指标评价空间热舒适性过去片面,构建综合评价指标可行性更高。在设计阶段优化提升环境热舒适度,不仅有利于改善城市气候问题,减少相关活动碳排放及国土空间规划中详细规划指标的控制,还为后续的方案设计、比选、评...     

文丘利型油燃烧器出口气液两相流动与燃烧的数值模拟

针对选配文丘利型油燃烧器的燃油锅炉中液雾燃烧的特点,在冷态等温流场数值模拟结果及 EBU-Arrhenius模型模拟气相燃烧所得结果的基础上,数值模拟了单只文丘利油燃烧器出口的气液两相 流动与燃烧,给出了流场中的速度场、温度场以及浓度场的分布信息,这些结论可为该型燃油锅炉的进 一步设计和运行以及燃烧室的布置提供有益的依据。     

Influence of priority taking and abstaining at single-lane roundabouts using cellular automata

Existing roundabout simulation models fail to consider all types of driver behavior which compromises their accuracy and ability to accurately evaluate roundabout performance. Further, these non-compliant driver behaviors, including priority taking and priority abstaining, are inconsistent with existing traffic flow theories. In this paper, a new cellular automata model, C.A.Rsim, is developed and calibrated with field data from five single-lane roundabouts in four northeastern states. Model results indicate that approximately 20% of the individuals in the driver population are inclined to priority taking and approximately 20% are inclined to priority abstaining behavior, though the observed levels of these types of behavior are naturally lower and vary with traffic volume. The model results also corroborate other research indicating that current models can overestimate capacity at higher circulating volumes, possibly a result of the jamming effect produced by priority taking behavior. The reduction in priority abstaining behavior, which is observed at older roundabouts, significantly reduces delay and queue length in certain traffic volumes. C.A.Rsim is also more parsimonious than many existing microsimulation models. These results provide insight on how variations in conflicting flow (i.e., traffic volume and turning movement balance) impact the amount of observed non-compliant behavior.     

The impacts of changing flight demands and throughput performance on airport delays through the Great Recession

Several significant events between 2007 and 2009 impacted flight demands and the abilities of the three major New York area airports to handle demand. This paper assesses the results of applying a probabilistic simulation method – which isolates the individual contributions of changes in flight demand and changes in airport throughput performance to changes in flight delays – to diagnose how these different events may have caused operational changes at these airports, and in turn, how the results may be used to inform policies for appropriate countermeasures. The analysis revealed two key observations. Firstly, certain patterns in throughput performance shifts caused the most significant delays, and were more likely to have been caused by controller staffing issues rather than caps. Secondly, relatively constant average delays from one year to the next may result from significant demand drops accompanied by large throughput performance degradations at an airport. This suggests that not only operational limitations on capacity encourage airlines to reduce schedules, but that changed demands can also impact throughput performance. Overall, the analysis indicates that caps may not have provided their fully intended delay benefits. Although they successfully reduced overall flight demands at LGA and JFK, they also directly limited throughput performance at critical times, in turn limiting delay benefits. In addition, demands at the busiest times of the day appear to be relatively inelastic to these operational limitations, insofar as demand profiles at EWR and JFK remained “peaky” in 2008 and 2009. Also, the recession was largely responsible for reducing demands at the airports in 2009, but the delay benefits of this were dampened by a corresponding throughput performance degradation. Based on the above observations, a more direct demand management policy combined with policies that focus on maintaining high staffing capabilities at critical times of the day may be considered, to reduce the likelihood of major queue formation on days that do experience sustained demands. The results also suggest that a more flexible caps system, particularly during times of heavy queues, could be explored. Although airport practitioners have keen understandings of how their airports operate, without the support of quantitative analysis tools, it can be more difficult to argue the need for appropriate countermeasures. An analysis such as the one presented here can provide the detailed quantitative substantiation required to build cases for these targeted policy directives and infrastructure investments.