基于GIS的机场道面管理系统开发研究

基于地理信息系统(GIS)的技术原理和一般实施过程,结合机场铺面工程空间信息及属性信息的特点,在总结国内外先进经验基础上,构建了上海机场道面管理地理信息系统的管理单元划分、空间实体分层组织、空间数据库等管理模式,以及系统软件的GIS功能设计等重要内容,可作为我国机场道面管理系统开发的技术基础。实践证明该方法符合实际,能够为用户提供快速、动态、准确的管理决策功能。     

北京市轨道交通首都国际机场线CBTC信号系统采用的波导管布置原则

本文介绍了用于首都国际机场线的波导管的功能、波导管的布置原则，以及波导管衰耗的计算方法。     

铁路引入天津国际滨海机场通路方案研究

研究目的:阐述将铁路引入天津滨海机场的重要意义,并结合既有建筑物分布和远期城市规划,对线路沿京山铁路通路方案和沿程林庄通路等方案进行研究,为其它相似工程的选线思路提供参考。研究方法:考虑线路所处位置地形地貌和城市规划,通过对铁路引入天津国际滨海机场通路方案的阐述,采用统计、类比和优缺点评价进行综合技术经济比较。研究结果:针对铁路引入机场通路方案的研究,总结出一套可行性较强的选线思路、接轨点选择和其他一系列有针对性的配套技术措施。研究结论:沿京山铁路通路方案,与城市规划干扰少,建筑物拆迁量小,与机场的现状及规划衔接较好,方便旅客出行,推荐选择该方案是合理的。     

Conflict‐free time‐based trajectory planning for aircraft taxi automation with refined taxiway modeling

To mitigate airport congestion caused by increasing air traffic demand, the trajectory‐based surface operations concept has been proposed to improve surface movement efficiency while maintaining safety. It utilizes decision support tools to provide optimized time‐based trajectories for each aircraft and uses automation systems to guide surface movements and monitor their conformance with assigned trajectories. Whether the time‐based trajectories can be effectively followed so that the expected benefits can be guaranteed depends firstly on whether these trajectories are realistic. So, this paper first deals with the modeling biases of the network model typically used for taxi trajectory planning via refined taxiway modeling. Then it presents a zone control‐based dynamic routing and timing algorithm upon the refined taxiway model to find the shortest time taxi route and timings for an aircraft. Finally, the presented algorithm is integrated with a sequential planning framework to continuously decide taxi routes and timings. Experimental results demonstrate that the solution time for an aircraft can be steadily around a few milliseconds with timely cleaning of expired time windows, showing potential for real‐time decision support applications. The results also show the advantages of the proposed methodology over existing approaches. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

机场道面合成纤维混凝土的耐久性

为了提高道面混凝土的耐久性,在室内对单丝聚丙烯、网状聚丙烯和聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土进行了抗渗性、抗冻性和耐磨性试验。抗渗性试验采用静水压力法和氯离子渗透法,抗冻性试验采用快冻法,耐磨性试验采用滚珠轴承法。试验结果表明:当纤维体积率为0·10%时,合成纤维混凝土的抗冻性和抗渗性比普通道面混凝土提高了40%~160%,纤维混凝土的耐磨度比普通混凝土提高了23%~50%;合成纤维的体积率为0·15%~0·18%时,混凝土的抗渗性与抗冻性最好。     

机场道基毛细水上升高度及处治对策研究

以某机场高富水土基为背景,采用GEOStudio有限元软件,建立精确反映孔隙率、含水量与基质吸力、孔隙水压力相关性的数值模型。分析结果表明:无隔离层黏土道基毛细水上升高度为2.6m;采用砂砾石隔离层可降低毛细水的上升高度,推荐采用0.6m厚级配砂砾石作为隔离层方案,既减小填高和造价,缩短了工期,又减少了对环境的破坏,具有良好的经济效益与社会效益。     

南苏丹朱巴国际机场跑道道面不停航施工改造技术

深入研究了朱巴机场跑道道面现状,分析其道面损坏成因。结合不停航施工要求,针对朱巴机场特殊的气候特征,确定了改造方案,提出不停航施工措施。对沥青混凝土道面进行沥青混凝土罩面改造具有重要借鉴意义。     

关于轨道交通机场线开行快慢车组合运营模式的设计探讨

通过对城市轨道交通机场线客流特征的分析,根据机场线的功能定位和机场与市区的距离,以及机场线的旅行时间目标分析,选择机场线的速度目标值,提出机场线开行快慢车组合运营模式。以郑州市机场线设计为实例,通过开行快慢车组合运营模式来解决机场客流快速通行需求与通勤线路旅行速度较低的矛盾。     

Comparative performance analysis of European airports by means of extended data envelopment analysis

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has become an established approach for analyzing and comparing efficiency results of corporate organizations or economic agents. It has also found wide application in comparative studies on airport efficiency. The standard DEA approach to comparative airport efficiency analysis has two feeble elements, viz. a methodological weakness and a substantive weakness. The methodological weakness originates from the choice of uniform efficiency improvement assessment, whereas the substantive weakness in airport efficiency analysis concerns the insufficient attention for short‐term and long‐term adjustment possibilities in the production inputs determining airport efficiency. The present paper aims to address both flaws by doing the following: (i) designing a data‐instigated distance friction minimization (DFM) model as a generalization of the standard Banker–Charnes–Cooper model with a view to the development of a more appropriate efficiency improvement projection model in the Banker–Charnes–Cooper version of DEA and (ii) including as factor inputs also lumpy or rigid factors that are characterized by short‐term indivisibility or inertia (and hence not suitable for short‐run flexible adjustment in new efficiency stages), as is the case for runways of airports. This so‐called fixed factor case will be included in the DFM submodel of the DEA. This extended DEA—with a DFM and a fixed factor component—will be applied to a comparative performance analysis of several major airports in Europe. Finally, our comparative study on airport efficiency analysis will be extended by incorporating also the added value of the presence of shopping facilities at airports for their relative economic performance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modeling effects of different air traffic control operational procedures,separation rules,and service disciplines on runway landing capacity

This paper deals with modeling the possible effects of different advanced procedures, existing, innovative, and new air traffic control (ATC) separation rules, and service disciplines on the ultimate landing capacity of a single runway. The first implies a combination and/or exclusive use of conventional and steeper final approach and landing procedures. The second includes the current horizontal, innovative mixed horizontal/vertical and new vertical distance‐based and time‐based separation rules. The last embrace the common First Come, First Served and innovative Priority service discipline. Such increasingly complex and challenging applications are assumed to be based on the new technologies on‐board the aircraft and at the ATC to be developed in the scope of the current United States Next Generation Air Transport System and European Single European Sky ATM Research programs. The convenient analytical models for calculating the runway landing capacity are developed and applied to the generic case of a single runway according to the “what–if” scenario approach. This enables carrying out the sensitivity analysis of the landing capacity with respect to the most influential factors – the ATC advanced operational procedures, separation rules, service disciplines, and aircraft fleet mix. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.