自然伽马测井仪测井曲线的分析及应用研究

本文阐述了自然伽马测井实现的原理和方法,对自然伽马测井曲线进行了分析和研究,阐述了测井曲线的特点和影响因素,并介绍了测井曲线的应用,总结自然伽马测井仪在实际应用中存在的问题和改进措施,并对自然伽马测井发展方向作了展望与分析。     

深圳地铁11号线橡胶弹簧浮置板轨道动力仿真及测试

深圳地铁11号线是国内首次采用橡胶弹簧浮置板轨道的地铁线路。为确保该种浮置板结构的安全性、检验其减振效果,有必要针对其动力学特性进行全面的仿真和测试。首先,通过模态分析、谐响应分析考察其固有频率、振动传递特性;然后建立车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,对其减振效果、动态位移进行仿真模拟;最后通过实车测试,全面检测其减振效果、动态位移,以及轮轨力、脱轨系数、轮重减载率等各项动力学指标。相关理论分析及实测结果表明:橡胶弹簧浮置板固有频率为10. 5 Hz,可明显削弱频率在18 Hz以上的振动,其减振效果达13～15 d B,满足设计要求;轮轨垂向力、轮轨横向力均略小于同等条件下的普通整体道床;脱轨系数、轮重减载率均满足规范要求。以上理论研究和实践表明:橡胶弹簧浮置板结构安全、减振效果好,各项动力学指标优良,是一种较为理想的轨道减振设施。     

海洋核动力平台自然冷却供冷系统节能性分析

针对海洋核动力平台示范工程运行厂址及其堆舱区供冷需求特点,为提高运行经济性,设计了利用自然冷源——海水的供冷系统,通过建立系统能耗模型,分析了不同海水温度下系统运行工况及相应的能耗和能效比。根据运行厂址实测海水温度,计算了系统优化前后全年运行能耗,并分析了节能效果,系统优化后节能15.7%。     

Estimation of natural frequencies and damping using dynamic field data from an offshore wind turbine

The dynamic characteristics of offshore wind turbines are heavily affected by environmental loads from wave and wind action and nonlinear soil behaviour. In the design of the monopile structures, the fatigue load due to wind and wave loading is one of the most important problems to consider. Since the fatigue damage is sensitive to the foundation stiffness and damping, increasing the accuracy of analysis tools used in the design and optimization process can improve the reliability of the structure and reduce conservatism, thereby leading to a more cost-efficient design. In this context, analysis of field data is important for calibrating and verifying purposes. This paper presents analysis of measured accelerations and strains from a wind farm in the North Sea with monopile foundations. Field data during idling conditions, collected over long periods of operation, are analysed and the natural frequencies are determined, and damping is estimated. The measured natural frequencies are compared to calculated values using an aero-servo-hydro-elastic code, showing a good agreement in the frequency range below 2 Hz. Variation of the natural frequencies with intensity of loading may indicate effect of soil nonlinearity on the overall OWT response. Since the first natural bending modes have the largest potential to mobilize soil reactions, they are of primary interest in this context. The effect of load (wave, wind and dynamic bending moment) on the first natural frequency is investigated using different analysis techniques in the frequency domain and time domain. A clear correlation between load level and first natural frequency is demonstrated. A simple nonlinear SSI model of the tower/soil system is employed to numerically investigate the observed changes in the measured first natural frequency with the level of loading and increased overall damping. The simulated results reproduce the general trends in the observed reduction in the first natural frequency and increased damping ratio with the load level. However, the effect of the load level is less than that observed in the measurements, indicating contribution also from other factors than soil nonlinearity.     

海损事故中自然因素的定量分析

本文运用船舶交通工程学原理，研讨了上海港的海事资料，提出了海损事故自然因素的定量分析公式，对影响海事的自然因素的种类、评判标准、评判方法进行了论述。定量地分析了按月份、时间、星期、农历、流速、风速划分的海事发生系数，定性分析了其它自然因素，提出了减少、预防、预测海损事故的方法和建议。     

CA6110ZLA5N2柴油/天然气双燃料发动机的开发

为了达到欧Ⅱ排放法规要求和满足日益增长的对代用燃料发动机的需求,开发了一种以天然气和柴油为燃料的CA6110ZLA5N2双燃料发动机。该发动机采用增压中冷技术,匹配新型高效增压器,采用单点电控喷气系统,采取空燃比、天然气和柴油供给量精确控制的稀薄燃烧方式,增设用于天然气废气的特殊催化器,使该发动机不仅具有原柴油机的动力性,而且排放可满足欧Ⅱ标准的要求。     

基于遗传算法的天然气集输管网参数优化设计

以管道建设总费用为目标建立目标函数 ,以管道的稳态分析、各节点的流量、压力及管道压力限制等为约束条件 ,建立了天然气集输管网的参数优化设计模型。该模型属非线性离散化最优组合问题 ,采用遗传方法求解 ,并给出了计算机软件算法     

地铁区间隧道火灾自然排烟模式的研究与应用

成都南部地铁区间隧道采用地面开口的自然通风模式,在国内尚属首次。文章对区间隧道在火灾工况下,通风竖井间距、隧道中隔墙,以及风口阻力系数对自然排烟通风效果的影响进行了数值模拟分析,为区间隧道的结构选型提供了科学的依据。     

Combustion and emission characteristics of a lean burn natural gas engine

Lean burn is an effective way to improve spark ignition engine fuel economy. In this paper, the combustion and emission characteristics of a lean burn natural gas fuelled spark ignition engine were investigated at various throttle positions, fuel injection timings, spark timings and air fuel ratios. The results show that ignition timings, the combustion duration, the coefficient of variation (COV) of the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and engine-out emissions are dependent on the overall air fuel ratio, spark timings, throttle positions and fuel injection timings. With the increase of the air fuel ratio, the ignition delays and combustion duration increases. Fuel injection timings affect ignition timings, combustion duration, IMEP, and the COV of the IMEP. Late fuel injection timings can decrease the COV of the IMEP. Moreover, the change in the fuel injection timings reduces the engine-out CO, total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions. Lean burn can significantly reduce NOx emissions, but it results in high cyclic variations.     

提速状态下预应力混凝土简支梁受迫振动试验研究

通过对不同车速、不同编组情况下塑黄铁路小唐河大桥预应力混凝土简支梁桥动力性能的检测试验,研究列车提速条件下桥梁的动力特性及其动力响应。研究结果表明:列车以70和75 km.h-1速度运行时,其横向强振频率与桥梁横向自振特性相近,发生共振现象,PCT梁抑振措施应以提高梁体横向刚度为主;车速超过60 km.h-1时,PCT梁最大横向振幅均超过安全限值;PCT梁的横、竖向振动加速度值都不大,均在《铁路桥梁检定规范》规定的限值以内;PCT梁的跨中横向振动频率明显偏低,只有参考值的40%~50%;跨中竖向自振频率较大,竖向挠跨比小于《铁路桥梁检定规范》中的跨中竖向挠跨比通常值,说明梁体具有足够的竖向刚度。车辆编组方式对PCT梁的横向振幅影响较大,C64编组方式时梁体横向振幅最大,C64K编组方式时梁体横向振幅较小。