车体构件的冲击试验

为了正确评价铁道车辆的碰撞安全性 ,日本铁道综合技术研究所对车体构件进行了冲击试验 ,并分析了试验结果     

公路泥石流研究综述(Ⅰ)

泥石流既是一种典型的公路水毁类型,也是公路水毁的主要动力.基于对国内外大量泥石流研究成果的分析,笔者将其研究现状概化为泥石流学科体系及分类、泥石流形成条件、泥石流模型、泥石流运动及冲击、泥石流磨蚀作用、泥石流防治技术、泥石流试验和泥石流灾害评价与预测等8个方面.本文主要对泥石流学科体系、形成条件、泥石流体模型及泥石流运动及冲击作用进行全面的分析与评价,强调建立公路泥石流学的必要性,为有效防治公路泥石流奠定重要的研究基础.     

解放碑中心片区CBD交通影响初步分析(Ⅰ)

笔者在文中对解放碑片区CBD交通影响的范围进行了界定,对该范围内的道路交通现状水平进行了分析,根据片区CBD规划建筑的6个方案对现有道路设施的交通影响进行了分析评价,提出现有道路设施不能承担大规模的CBD开发活动.     

液体管道泄漏负压波诊断方法的研究现状及发展趋势

在国内 ,负压波检漏技术被广泛用于液体管线泄漏的诊断。在应用过程中 ,假设条件和涉及到的不确定因素较多。由于涉及到的任何一个因素有误都可能导致不正确的结果 ,因而将该技术与泄漏诊断的其他技术结合起来进行综合研究 ,才能更准确地确定出泄漏的位置。负压波检漏技术具有三大发展趋势 :第一 ,与其他技术一同使用 ,从而更好地解决相关的定位问题 ;第二 ,强化对负压波检漏技术的研究 ,定性研究负压波传播模型可以更好地确定泄漏发生的时间 ;第三 ,对负压波检漏技术的研究从定性到定量 ,定量的分析结果可以用于推测管线泄漏量和泄漏位置。     

A tri-axial ice model for simulating ice-stiffened panel impact: Experiments and numerical modeling

The interaction of ice with a polar ship is complex, which may involve several ice failure mechanisms such as local crushing, tensile, cracking, bending, shearing, sliding and the ship structures could attain permanent deformations. A reasonable modeling of ice behavior is, therefore, critical to the analysis of ship-ice interactions. This paper reports an experimental and numerical study on the behavior of stiffened panels subject to the impact of a wedge-shaped ice block/indenter. The tested stiffened panel was mounted to a Falling Weight Impact Tester, and measurements were taken to help understand the dynamic responses of the structure and the ice, and also the permanent deformations. Finite element analyses using ABAQUS/EXPLICIT were also performed for the lab tests. The proposed ice model features a multi-surface yield function, empirical failure criteria for a few ice failure modes, and a representation of the remaining load carrying capacity of crushed ice. This ice model is implemented in a user-defined subroutine VUMAT and uses the cohesive element in a numerical solution. The predicted and measured impact force and structural deformation compared very well with the tests, indicating that the proposed ice model coded in VUMAT is reasonable. A series of parametric studies was then carried out to identify the key parameters of this new ice model that would have major effects on the prediction of ice impacts. The paper intends to provide test data that may be useful in understanding the complex ice-ship interaction and to introduce a numerical solution with a new ice model that improves the simulation of high-energy ice-ship impacts.     

汽车涂层样本单颗粒冲击破坏仿真分析

研究汽车涂层在冲击载荷下的破坏现象,对于预测涂层抗石击性能以及指导涂层结构设计和优化具有重要意义。建立了汽车涂层样本单颗粒冲击破坏有限元模型,使用自主开发的显式有限元求解器模拟汽车涂层冲击破坏过程。涂层层内破坏、基底与涂层界面分离破坏模式的仿真结果与试验结果的良好一致性,验证了仿真分析方法的有效性,揭示了涂层在冲击载荷下的层内破坏与界面分离破坏的失效机理。     

Improvement of the volume-delay function by incorporating the impact of trucks on traffic flow

In current transportation modelling, travel time is the most important factor in decisions regarding transport modes, destinations and routes. The calculation of travel time is deployed by volume-delay functions (VDFs), a sub-model of route assignment procedure, using the correlation between increasing numbers of vehicles on a road and the road's restrictive capacity. By investigating existing VDFs, a clear gap is seen, demonstrating that current functions are not suited to reflect the empirically known large impact of trucks on passenger car travel times. This issue becomes crucial when transport models are used to reflect future scenarios where goods transportation is expected to increase greatly, and when transport models combine passenger and commercial traffic. This paper presents a new VDF which successfully includes trucks’ impact on traffic flow in the case of Germany and, with slight deviations, for North America. The function is developed using ideal-type data for German motorways. The differences between German and US data and their implications for VDFs are also discussed.     

砰击载荷作用下船首结构的规范设计对比研究

针对某船首部结构,选用不同的规范进行砰击载荷作用下的首部结构尺寸规范计算,通过比较计算结果,分析规范之间的差异,从而为舰船首部结构的设计提供参考。     

信号道岔设计方案对联锁关系的影响与分析

道岔控制分为单动道岔和多动道岔,多动道岔又包括双动、三动、四动等联动道岔.道岔的设计方案直接关联着信号联锁关系,围绕渡线道岔单双动不同的设计方案,分析对信号系统的影响,以增强安全管控意识.     

冲击碾压改建路面施工对路基动力效应的试验研究

针对冲击碾压对在旧水泥混凝土路面改造过程中形成的动力效应和破碎产生机理,以某一工程为对象,利用有限元分析软件,开展对冲击碾压破碎水泥混凝土板的静态力学分析和瞬态动力效应分析,获得不同行驶路线下的水泥混凝土路基应力状态和破碎产生机理.研究结果表明:静态力学下,面板角形成最大位移,板底产生最大应力,板角处最先形成断裂带.轮...