Modeling the charging and route choice behavior of BEV drivers

Due to the limited cruising range of battery electric vehicle (BEV), BEV drivers show obvious difference in travel behavior from gasoline vehicle (GV) drivers. To analyze BEV drivers’ charging and route choice behaviors, and extract the differences between BEV and GV drivers’ travel behavior, two multinomial logit-based and two nested logit-based models are proposed in this study based on a stated preference survey. The nested structure consists of two levels: the upper level represents the charging decision, and the lower level shows the route choices corresponding to the charging and no-charging situations respectively. The estimated results demonstrate that the nested structure is more appropriate than the multinomial structure. Meanwhile, it is observed that the initial state of charge (SOC) at origin of BEV is the most important factor that affects the decision of charging or not, and the SOC at destination becomes an important impact factor affecting BEV drivers’ route choice behavior. As for the route choice behavior when BEV has charging demand, the charging station attributes such as charging time and charging station’s location have significant influences on BEV drivers’ decision-making process. The results also show that BEV drivers incline to choose the routes with charging station having less charging time, being closer to origin and consistent with travel direction. Finally, based on the proposed models, a series of numerical analysis has been conducted to verify the effect of range anxiety on BEV charging and route choice behavior and to reveal the variation of comfortable initial SOC at origin with travel distance. Meanwhile, the effects of charging time and distance from origin to charging station also have been discussed.     

Understanding suburban travel demand: Flexible modelling with revealed and stated choice data

We analyse the choice of mode in suburban corridors using nested logit specifications with revealed and stated preference data. The latter were obtained from a choice experiment between car and bus, which allowed for interactions among the main policy variables: travel cost, travel time and frequency. The experiment also included parking cost and comfort attributes. The attribute levels in the experiment were adapted to travellers’ experience using their revealed preference information. Different model specifications were tested accounting for the presence of income effect, systematic taste variation, and incorporating the effect of latent variables. We also derived willingness-to-pay measures, such as the subjective value of time, that vary among individuals as well as elasticity values. Finally, we analysed the demand response to various policy scenarios that favour public transport use by considering improvements in level-of-service, fare reductions and/or increases in parking costs. In general, demand was shown to be more sensitive to policies that penalise the private car than those improving public transport.     

多方式条件下城市交通分配研究

随着城市综合交通体系的不断发展和完善,城市出行多方式化的特征日益突出.本文在充分考虑城市多方式交通网络结构特性的基础上,构建方式及路径联合选择模型,研究多方式条件下的交通分配方法.首先,基于随机效用最大化理论构建出行方式和路径联合选择的Nested Logit（NL）模型;其次,运用路段实测交通流数据标定道路混合交通流条件下的交通阻抗函数;最后,基于构造的多方式交通网络进行多方式交通分配,分析出行量在网络上的时空分布.结果表明,本文所提出的多方式条件下的交通分配方法,能够有效地描述城市多方式交通网络条件下的出行方式和路径选择行为,以及交通出行在交通网络上的时空分布规律,对于完善城市综合交通体系具有重要意义.     

城市居民出行空间和方式联合选择模型研究

考虑到出行者出行空间和出行方式之间的重要联系,本文基于非集计模型中Nested Logit模型的理论和方法,结合2005年国内某大型城市居民出行调查数据,建立了城市居民出行空间和方式的联合选择模型。模型为2层的NL模型,第1层为空间选择层,第2层为方式选择层,以此将出行空间选择和出行方式选择连接起来。模型采用统计软件STATA 9进行标定,并通过统计指标进行验证,深入分析了影响出行者出行空间选择和出行方式选择的重要因素。最后,用同样的数据源建立了方式选择的MNL模型,通过对比联合模型和MNL模型的命中率和集计结果表明,出行空间和方式联合选择模型能够在较细的层面上预测出行者出行空间和交通方式的选择情况,从而提高了模型的精度和实用性。     

Analysis of hurricane evacuee mode choice behavior

The purpose of this study is to explain the evacuee mode choice behavior of Miami Beach residents using survey data from a hypothetical category four hurricane to reveal different evacuees’ plans. Evacuation logistics should incorporate the needs of transit users and car-less populations with special attention and proper treatment. A nested logit model has been developed to explain the mode choice decisions for evacuees’ from Miami Beach who use non-household transportation modes, such as special evacuation bus, taxi, regular bus, riding with someone from another household and another type of mode denoted and aggregated as other. Specifically, the model explains that the mode choice decisions of evacuees’, who are likely to use different non-household transportation modes, are influenced by several determining factors related to evacuees’ socio-demographics, household characteristics, evacuation destination and previous experience. The findings of this study will help emergency planners and policy-makers to develop better evacuation plans and strategies for evacuees depending on others for their evacuation transportation.     

华能营口电厂取水工程的流场数值模拟

华能营口热电厂取水工程二维水流数学模型采用嵌套网格的差分格式进行模拟计算,分析了不同取水位置对流场的影响。计算结果表明,该方法对取水口所在水域具有足够的网格分辨率,能够满足大范围海域边界条件验证的要求和工程所在河口水域流场的特征,同时又能满足工程局部水域计算精度的要求,具备边界控制准确、地形概化灵活、模拟精度合理和运算效率高等优点。     

基于Nested Logit模型的共享单车选择行为研究

近两年来,共享单车迅速发展,已有研究较少从微观角度来阐释共享单车的选择行为.本文基于随机效用理论,构建Nested Logit模型,选取出行目的、接驳时间、在车时间、停车时间、费用等出行特征变量,选取下雨(雪)、空气质量、气温、风力等级等天气状况变量,选取年龄、性别、收入等社会经济变量作为效用函数的特征变量,采用D-optimal法设计问卷,在济南市开展共享单车实证调查.基于收集到的样本进行参数标定,找出影响共享单车及其他出行方式选择的关键影响因素;并对共享单车的乘车费用与接驳时间进行弹性分析,明确了共享单车乘车费用与接驳时间变化对短途出行结构的影响.     

节假日公路免费政策下城际交通行为特性

由于缺乏对节假日城际出行行为及节假日高速公路免费政策实施效果的深入研究,导致一些政策产生了负面影响,造成高速公路严重拥堵.本文结合 2017年春节调查数据,构建并估计分层 Logit模型,研究节假日高速公路免费政策下城际交通方式和出发日期联合选择的行为特性.基于模型结果,采用弹性分析研究不同免费日期下出行者行为特性,并通过场景仿真评价多种免费时段设置方案对城际交通出行结构和高峰日交通量的影响.结果表明,出行结构和高峰日交通量对不同免费日期的敏感度不同,有必要对免费时段设置进行讨论.推荐分时优惠政策,在有效调整出行结构的情况下,能避免加剧高峰日的交通拥堵.     

基于NL-累计前景理论的出行方式选择预测模型研究

为改进效用理论在个体风险偏好、非完全理性决策、方式整体效用等方面的表述局限,联立出行方式与出发时段构建双因素出行方案,并建立基于巢式 Logit(NL)-累计前景理论的出行方式选择预测优化模型.通过累计前景理论将 NL模型所获方案客观效用及选择概率主观化,构建累计权重函数、价值函数并以前景值的形式描述出行方式对出行者的实际感知价值,最后通过调查数据进行建模与验证.结果表明,与仅基于 NL模型进行的方式预测相比,所建模型综合命中率从74.8%上升至85.2%,各方式预测命中率更为均衡.     

Effective environmental marketing of green cars: A nested-logit approach

Using market data, we assess the effectiveness of an eco-marketing campaign on purchases of ‘green’ vehicles. The eco-marketing was designed as a quasi-experiment, having one region exposed to the marketing while the other region was the control. A two-level nested-logit model consistent with utility maximization reveals the campaign had short-term positive effects on green-car sales. Results also indicate green-car buyers come from highly educated communities. Age has a positive but non-linear effect on green car sales.