Estimating economic and resilience consequences of potential navigation infrastructure failures: A case study of the Monongahela River

The paper examines the potential effects of failure of heavily used, outdated locks and dams on the Monongahela River in southwestern Pennsylvania. Catastrophic failure would result in lengthy outage of barge traffic. The displaced volume of coal shipments from mines to power plants is estimated using Energy Information Administration survey data. The resilience of the impacted facilities, the viability of their shipping alternatives, and their ability to re-organize into new markets is assessed. Lost revenues are estimated for facilities that close due to an inability to adapt, as well as the replacement cost of towboats and barges trapped by a catastrophic and sudden failure. The aggregate costs to these facilities as a result of a year-long closure are estimated at $0.56-1.7 billion.     

信号采样理论在交通流检测点布设中的应用

在对交通流检测点布设领域研究应用现状进行分析与抽象的基础上,提出交通流检测点布设本质上属于空间交通流信号采样问题。依据信号采样理论,建立了确定检测点间距或密度的方法与流程,该流程包括空间交通流信号产生、离散傅里叶变换、频谱分析、间距确定、误差分析5个步骤。对高速公路拥挤状态下的仿真分析表明:100 m的检测点间距可以满足对拥挤交通流状态的真实检测,该数值接近于实际应用中的最小值(125 m),说明该理论方法具有较好的实用性。     

武汉新区道路网规划研究

通过对城市新区道路网规划理念的分析,结合武汉新区道路网的现状,讨论了武汉新区对外、对内、慢行等道路交通系统的规划策略。     

物流集货中心作业单元布局方法

合理布局作业单无可以使集货中心节约物料搬运费用，降低物流成本，提高作业效率。在分析物流集货中心作业流程和作业单元构成的基础上，确定影响作业单元布局的主要因素——物流关系、管理关系、安全关系等，对作业单元的相互关系分别进行定量计算，得出作业单元综合相互关系量化表，依据此表及作业单元得分排序表进行物流集货中心作业单元布局设计。案例应用表明：此布局方法提高了物流集货中心作业单元布局的合理性。     

模糊决策理论在汽车内部设计方案评价中的应用

方案评价是产品设计过程中的重要环节。分别应用模糊综合评判法、基于模糊集重心的模糊评价法和二元对比排序法对汽车内部设计方案进行定性评价,并对3种方法的评价结果进行了比较。此外,还给出了一个关于A柱盲区定量评价的实例,并建立了整车内部布置与设计的多级评价体系。指出了进一步实现基于知识工程的整车设计评价还需要解决的其他关键技术。     

Short-term Hourly Traffic Forecasts using Hong Kong Annual Traffic Census

The need for acquiring the current-year traffic data is a problem for transport planners since such data may not be available for on-going transport studies. A method is proposed in this paper to predict hourly traffic flows up to and into the near future, using historical data collected from the Hong Kong Annual Traffic Census (ATC). Two parametric and two non-parametric models have been employed and evaluated in this study. The results show that the non-parametric models (Non-Parametric Regression (NPR) and Gaussian Maximum Likelihood (GML)) were more promising for predicting hourly traffic flows at the selected ATC station. Further analysis encompassing 87 ATC stations revealed that the NPR is likely to react to unexpected changes more effectively than the GML method, while the GML model performs better under steady traffic flows. Taking into consideration the dynamic nature of the common traffic patterns in Hong Kong and the advantages/disadvantages of the various models, the NPR model is recommended for predicting the hourly traffic flows in that region.     

The multi-criteria road network design problem in an urban area

In this paper, urban network design is analysed through a heuristic multi-criteria technique based on genetic algorithms. Both network layout and link capacity (link layout and traffic lights) are optimised. Different optimisation criteria are included for users, non-users and public system managers. Demand is considered elastic with respect to mode choice; both morning and afternoon peak periods are taken into account. In addition, choice of parking location is simulated. The procedure is applied to a test and to a real transportation system.     

基于公路线形影响的护栏布设方法探讨

从公路线形对护栏及交通安全的影响角度,分析了护栏设置以及公路线形对交通事故的影响,并针对不同线形条件下护栏布设方法进行了探讨。从而能以较少的资金投入,获得较高的社会效益,同时降低交通事故的发生,减少伤亡。     

射流井点降水装置在地基降水中的应用

简要介绍了射流井点降水装置的特点、基本原理以及装置的工艺流程及系统布置。通过效益分析表明 ,使用该装置除具有运行维护安全可靠等优点外 ,还具备明显的经济效益。该装置在工程中实际应用 ,效果良好     

面向汽车布置设计的人体模型的研究

以人体参数为基础建立的人体模型是描述人体形态特征和力学特征的有效工具,是研究、分析、评价人机系统不可缺少的辅助手段。用于车身设计的H点人体模型是车身总布置设计的工具之一。针对现有的SAEJ826H点人体模型的缺点,介绍了由UMTRI和BDLMSUCE最新开发的ASPECT人体模型,为汽车厂家使用新的人体模型提供了参考。