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91.
The paper examines the potential effects of failure of heavily used, outdated locks and dams on the Monongahela River in southwestern Pennsylvania. Catastrophic failure would result in lengthy outage of barge traffic. The displaced volume of coal shipments from mines to power plants is estimated using Energy Information Administration survey data. The resilience of the impacted facilities, the viability of their shipping alternatives, and their ability to re-organize into new markets is assessed. Lost revenues are estimated for facilities that close due to an inability to adapt, as well as the replacement cost of towboats and barges trapped by a catastrophic and sudden failure. The aggregate costs to these facilities as a result of a year-long closure are estimated at $0.56-1.7 billion. 相似文献
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The need for acquiring the current-year traffic data is a problem for transport planners since such data may not be available
for on-going transport studies. A method is proposed in this paper to predict hourly traffic flows up to and into the near
future, using historical data collected from the Hong Kong Annual Traffic Census (ATC). Two parametric and two non-parametric
models have been employed and evaluated in this study. The results show that the non-parametric models (Non-Parametric Regression
(NPR) and Gaussian Maximum Likelihood (GML)) were more promising for predicting hourly traffic flows at the selected ATC station.
Further analysis encompassing 87 ATC stations revealed that the NPR is likely to react to unexpected changes more effectively
than the GML method, while the GML model performs better under steady traffic flows. Taking into consideration the dynamic
nature of the common traffic patterns in Hong Kong and the advantages/disadvantages of the various models, the NPR model is
recommended for predicting the hourly traffic flows in that region. 相似文献
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In this paper, urban network design is analysed through a heuristic multi-criteria technique based on genetic algorithms. Both network layout and link capacity (link layout and traffic lights) are optimised. Different optimisation criteria are included for users, non-users and public system managers. Demand is considered elastic with respect to mode choice; both morning and afternoon peak periods are taken into account. In addition, choice of parking location is simulated. The procedure is applied to a test and to a real transportation system. 相似文献
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从公路线形对护栏及交通安全的影响角度,分析了护栏设置以及公路线形对交通事故的影响,并针对不同线形条件下护栏布设方法进行了探讨。从而能以较少的资金投入,获得较高的社会效益,同时降低交通事故的发生,减少伤亡。 相似文献
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简要介绍了射流井点降水装置的特点、基本原理以及装置的工艺流程及系统布置。通过效益分析表明 ,使用该装置除具有运行维护安全可靠等优点外 ,还具备明显的经济效益。该装置在工程中实际应用 ,效果良好 相似文献
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