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将S注入法和无线传输节点相结合,利用传感器网络的自组网功能以及高容错性构建了无线节点通信网络.提出了采用传感器网络技术的铁路自闭贯通线故障定位系统.该系统由信号注入装置、无线节点、开关站无线处理单元和智能故障信息处理系统构成.通过无线节点检测注入信号.智能故障信息处理系统接收无线节点传来的检测结果,并判断故障位置.注入信号的电源为恒流源,频率范围为220~320Hz.设计了并列方式和交错方式两种检测节点的布置方案.这两种方式均能满足信息传输可靠性的要求,但并列方式的系统可靠性比交错方式提高了2倍.该系统定位精度可根据需要调整. 相似文献
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In this paper, airline energy efficiency is divided into three stages: the operations stage, the services stage and the sales stage. Greenhouse gas emissions are treated as an undesirable output of the services stage. This new three-stage strategic operating framework is a modification of existing models. A new model, Virtual Frontier Network Range Adjusted Measure with weak disposability, is proposed to evaluate the efficiencies of 22 international airlines, from 2008 to 2012. The results show that the new model can establish more reasonable rankings and confirm new benchmarking airlines and that inclusion in the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme has had little influence on the improvement of airline energy efficiency. 相似文献
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Lae-hyung Ryu Tae-wan Kim Min-jae Oh Nam-kug Ku Kyu-yeul Lee 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2009,14(3):345-358
We propose a method to determine the optimal initial location and to generate torch paths for a ship welding robot with 6
degrees of freedom (DOF). The optimal initial location is determined using an objective function, which is set up by combining
constraints on the torch posture, manipulability, and the range of each joint angle to avoid collisions. A genetic algorithm
(GA) is used to optimize the objective function because it does not require additional derivatives. After the initial location
is determined, torch paths are generated by interpolating the starting point, endpoints and torch postures using inverse kinematics.
Our method can be applied to automate the welding job for each block during ship building, irrespective of the shape of the
robots, by changing the objective function. 相似文献
46.
To determine the spatial distribution of rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system, this paper proposes a facility location and network design model. The model is developed as a multi-objective programing problem that considers four objectives (minimizing cyclist risk, maximizing cyclist comfort, minimizing adverse impacts on traffic and maximizing service coverage) and multiple constraints (monetary budget, network connectivity, station spacing, bikeway types, station number and value ranges of decision variables). The ε-constraint method solves the programing problem for the public bike system in Daan District, Taipei City, Taiwan. The nine non-dominated alternatives generated are all markedly better than existing locations of rental stations and bikeways. Scenario analysis results indicate that increasing the construction budget for bikeways significantly improves cyclist safety and comfort whilst increasing the adverse impact on traffic. Planners can use this model to develop public bike systems that spatially integrate rental stations and bikeway networks. 相似文献
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This paper provides guidance for an optimal and reasonable dry port layout for the port of Dalian in China. We present a two-phase framework on the location of dry ports, which solves the selection of candidate inland cities and optimal dry port location choice, respectively. Fuzzy C-Means Clustering is applied to select alternative cities in the vast hinterland of the seaport of Dalian, with a view to identify evaluation factors that affect the location selection decision. A cost-minimisation linear programming solution is proposed, with the aid of a genetic algorithm, to choose the optimal location as well as capacity level among the candidate inland cities. 相似文献
48.
Borja Beltran Stefano Carrese Ernesto Cipriani Marco Petrelli 《Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies》2009,17(5):475-483
The use of fossil fuels in transportation generates harmful emissions that accounts for nearly half of the total pollutants in urban areas. Dealing with this issue, local authorities are dedicating specific efforts to seize the opportunity offered by new fuels and technological innovations in achieving a cleaner urban mobility. In fact, authorities are improving environmental performances of their public transport fleet by procuring cleaner vehicles, usually called low and zero emission vehicles (LEV and ZEV, respectively). Nevertheless there seems to be a lack of methodologies for supporting stakeholders in decisions related to the introduction of green vehicles, whose allocation should be performed since the network design process in order to optimize their available green capacity.In this paper, the problem of clean vehicle allocation in an existing public fleet is faced by introducing a method for solving the transit network design problem in a multimodal, demand elastic urban context dealing with the impacts deriving from transportation emissions.The solving procedure consists of a set of heuristics which includes a routine for route generation and a genetic algorithm for finding a sub-optimal set of routes with the associated frequencies. 相似文献
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