我国铁路运输轿车载运工具的优化配置

根据系统理论建立铁路运输轿车载运工具的技术经济综合评价指标体系,并运用基于模糊理论的多层次模糊综合评价与层次分析相结合的方法,对各种轿车载运工具的技术经济特性进行综合评价和比较,提出我国铁路运输轿车载运工具的优化配置方案和发展方向。研究结果表明:JSQ5运输车、J5SQ改造家畜车和正在研制中的新型车等轿车载运工具的综合技术经济性最好,应成为未来我国铁路发展轿车运输的主要载运工具;50英尺和20英尺集装箱因其在既有数量和代用性、联运性方面的较强优势,应有针对性的配置使用;继续大力发展板架式集装箱,提高载运工具在上下层高度调节方面的柔性,增加SUV等大型轿车的装载能力。     

提高中心区公共交通服务水平的新思路——以天河地区环形小巴方案为例

根据广州天河地区公共交通改善的实例,提出了通过结合城市用地及路网的特点,在城市中心区设置环形小巴改善轨道交通衔接以提高公共交通服务水平的新思路,具有一定的参考意义.     

农村客运网络化建设工作浅析

结合本地区实际情况，从地区基本情况、农村客运网络经营模式、拟实施的方法步骤、政策措施等方面，就怎样建设农村客运网络化问题进行了探讨。     

货运信息交流系统设计

分析了货运实载率低下的现状与原因,应用系统工程的观点,按照国家智能运输系统(ITS)体系框架研究的方法,确立了货运信息交流系统的服务主体、用户主体,明确了系统用户需求,设计了系统的逻辑框架和物理框架。     

关于铁路驮背-集装箱运输专用车的探讨与设想

分析了国内外集装箱运输业的运用现状及公路货物运输业的发展趋势,提出了铁路驮背-集装箱运输专用车的设计构想与结构形式。     

海运船舶现状和发展趋势及对我国港口建设的影响

通过对我国海港工程设计船型尺度规范修订的回顾，分析了影响我国港口建设的船舶类型、规模的发展趋势。对集装箱船、干散货船、原油船等典型海运船舶船型现状和发展状况进行了分析，提出了三大货类船舶大型化发展的趋势及主力船型。船舶大型化发展直接影响了我国港口建设，船舶大型化也对我国离岸建港技术、深水长航道建设、港口工艺设备配置等方面提出新课题。     

城市轨道交通中通信传送业务平台的选择

城市轨道交通的通信系统是列车高速密集安全运行的保证,也是正常运营、指挥、管理、服务的必须平台,也是在紧急异常情况下防灾求援和事故处理的指挥通信系统。为更好地选择适合城市轨道交通的通信传送平台,从城市轨道交通通信的特点出发,介绍了开放式传输网络(OTN)和多业务传输平台(MSTP)的基本原理、特点,并对两种技术的特点进行了比较。结合目前城市轨道交通的实际选型,得出OTN技术是目前最佳选择的结论。     

Understanding the relationships between private automobile availability, overall physical activity, and travel behavior in adults

In most developed countries motorized transportation is the dominant form of travel for long and short journeys. Transport-related physical activity (TPA), however, is advocated as an appropriate transport mode for traveling short distances. The purpose of this study is to explore the associations between private automobile availability, overall physical activity levels, and TPA engagement in the adult population. A population-representative telephone survey assessed socio-demographics, private automobile availability, overall physical activity levels, and travel to place of work/study and the convenience shop with an adult sample (n = 2,000) residing in North Shore City, Auckland, New Zealand in April 2005. The majority of respondents reported unrestricted (80%) or frequent (12%) private automobile availability. After controlling for covariates, binary logistic regression analyses revealed those with no private automobile available were less likely to be classified as sufficiently active for health benefits when compared to respondents with unrestricted private automobile availability. However, this finding was based on a small minority (4%). Also, those reporting no private automobile availability were more likely to walk or cycle to place of employment and the convenience shop when compared to those with unrestricted private automobile availability. Similar to other self-report travel and physical activity survey tools, the questionnaire used potentially did not adequately capture TPA engagement. Future TPA research needs to incorporate objective measures to address this issue.

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奥运会作为世界最有影响的活动受到承办国的普遍而高度重视。本文在讨论当前北京交通实际情况的基础上,重点介绍了北京奥运会交通组织的成功之处;根据北京市未来社会发展与经济建设需求,结合北京市提出的交通发展目标,分析了在后奥运时期交通发展的基本思路;针对如何确保北京城市社会与经济的运行秩序,促进北京城市朝着国际化大都市发展,不断扩大北京乃至中国的国际影响力这个目标,指出了北京交通需要注意的问题,即进一步明确中心城区公共交通与私人交通的地位、通过对交通外部性来深化认识社会公平性等,最后提出了近期建设与管理中的一些具体措施。     

Evolving Narratives of Low-Carbon Futures in Transportation

Scenarios of low-carbon transport demonstrate that a vast range of different outcomes is possible and contingent on policy, technology and cultural developments. But a closer look indicates that different schools of thought suggest possible pathways diverging in their fine structure. This perspective reveals how three different scientific communities — integrated assessment modelers, transport-sector modelers, and place-based modelers — emphasize distinct solution domains. While integrated assessment models focus on fuel composition, transport-sector models put slightly higher emphasis on efficiency measures; in turn place-based research specifies idiosyncratic behavioral and infrastructural mitigation options that are likely to be beneficial in realizing local co-benefits. These specific local approaches could mitigate urban transport emissions by 20–50%, higher than that revealed in aggregate global models. We discuss differences in approach, possibilities for reconciliation, and the implications of normative assumptions. Targeted three-directional interactions would foster comprehensive understanding of possible low-carbon transportation futures.