与城市交通协调发展的集疏运通道规划选线方法——以上海G1501沿江通道为例

随着经济的不断增长,发达成熟城市将会面临集疏运系统饱和及缺乏问题。以上海沿江通道各种规划选线方法及路线方案为例,介绍了在用地资源有限、集疏运系统不完善条件下,如何与其他通道结合,新建集疏运通道,从而保证各自功能的发挥并能与城市交通协调发展。     

航路规划对远程鱼雷远程打击目标的影响

利用远程武器对目标进行超视距远程打击是未来海战的主要手段之一,航路规划技术对提高远程水下武器的安全性及突防攻击能力起着重要作用,根据远程打击目标的特点及影响航路规划问题的因素,提出了远程鱼雷航路规划的基本流程,最后分析了在远程打击过程中,航路规划对远程鱼雷提高远程打击效果的影响。     

一种基于GPS的自动航向控制系统

全球定位系统(GPS)提供了高精度的位置信息和航向、航速等运动要素,借助这些参数,该文实现了可以控制船舶按照既定路线航行的自动航向控制系统。     

蒙西至华中地区铁路三门峡至荆门段内乡西站站址方案研究

三门峡至荆门段铁路的修建将促进当地的经济发展和路网结构的完善,站址的选择对当地的资源利用、经济发展布局等有着举足轻重的作用,因此必须选出在经济、生态、人文等方面均符合当地要求的站址。通过对蒙西至华中地区铁路线位走向的研究,针对工程地质条件、环境敏感性、线路长度、工程投资、地方经济发展要求等方面,对内乡西站站址进行了远城、近城两个方案的分析和探讨,经综合比选,推荐内乡西站站址选择采用远城方案。     

基于可拓学的生态影响评价方法在铁路选线中的应用

针对铁路工程选线的特点,从生态环境影响的评价指标选取入手,用优势度指数、均匀度指数、树木生长率等18项指标反映铁路工程建设对生态环境影响的各个方面。采用可拓学理论中优度评价法建立评价模型,按照确定待评物元、确定权系数、筛除不满足必备条件方案、建立关联函数并计算合格度、合格度规范化、计算优度等步骤进行定量的分析评价。通过对各待评方案优度值的比较,进行合理方案的选取。运用该评价方法对工程实例进行的评价分析证明,该方法具有简单、直观等优点,为在考虑铁路建设的生态环境问题基础上的线路方案选择提供一种新的综合评价方法。     

基于航空器自主运行的空中交通复杂性建模

针对航空器自主运行模式的空中交通运行态势评估问题，本文重构了基于分布式空中交通管理系统的空中交通复杂性评价方法，并仿真验证了该方法在航空器冲突探测和自主航迹规划中的应用。首先，基于自由航路空域和航空器自主运行模式定义了空中交通复杂性，在通过三维空域栅格模型量化航空器时空位置的基础上，构建复杂度计算模型以反映航空器位置、航向、 航速对空域各栅格的实时复杂性影响；其次，基于实际管制扇区(ZSSSAR01)及高度层，分别模拟自由航路与固定航路运行模式，对比两者空中交通复杂度时空分布差异；并结合自由航路运行模式，在空中交通复杂性与航空器冲突指标(冲突率、冲突比例)相关性分析的基础上，研究空域复杂度阈值确定方法；最后，初步探究基于空域复杂度阈值进行航空器自主航迹调整的方法，评估其运行效果。仿真实验结果表明：自由航路运行模式相对固定航路运行模式可显著降低空域最大复杂度值(平均降幅119%)；模型计算得到，空中交通复杂度与空域中航空器冲突指标有强相关性 (相关系数大于0.90)；基于复杂度和复杂度阈值的航迹调整策略具备一定可行性。     

互联互通CBTC系统的跨线进路处理方式

互联互通因其在成本节约和高效换乘方面的优势.已经成为国内城市轨道交通CBTC系统新的发展方向。计算机联锁系统基于互联互通的要求,对于跨线进路的处理做了相关适应性修改,与相邻的计算机联锁系统交互跨线范围内的相关设备状态及逻辑控制状态,为实现列车跨线运营提供了进路支持。文章为跨线进路的处理方式提供了新的解决方案。     

诱导信息下城市轨道交通乘客路径选择行为研究

为研究城市轨道交通诱导信息对乘客的影响，考虑信息提供时间、方式、更新频率及其与 路径属性之间的交互关系，提出融合诱导信息的城市轨道交通乘客路径选择行为决策框架。考 虑乘客在决策时表现出遵循混合决策规则的倾向差异和不同属性感知差异，建立改进的混合效用-后悔模型。将路径属性与诱导信息同时纳入调研情景设计，基于调研结果标定模型中关键参数，结果表明，基于混合决策规则的模型拟合效果最高(调整优度比达0.396)。进一步分析乘客对信息的偏好：相较于下载手机APP，乘客更喜欢社交媒体推送的形式接收诱导信息；引入信息推送频率时间价值，并对比得出，女性、中老年及非通勤乘客更倾向于接受更高频率的诱导信息推送服务；分析各属性弹性值，表明诱导信息提供方式和更新频率应作为管理者的辅助手段，在特定场景下(例如高峰拥堵和突发事故)诱导信息将会发挥更大的作用。研究揭示了诱导信息提供方式如何影响轨道交通乘客的路径决策机理，有助于设计更加精准和高效的诱导信息策略辅助客流组织管理。     

A survey on modeling and control of thruster-assisted position mooring systems

This review presents a systematic summary of the state-of-the-art development of technological solutions, modeling, and control strategies of thruster-assisted position mooring (TAPM) systems. The survey serves as a starting point for exploring automatic control and real-time monitoring solutions proposed for TAPM systems. A brief historical background of the mooring systems is given. The kinematics and a simplified kinetic control-design model of a TAPM system are derived in accordance with established control methods, including a quasistatic linearized model for the restoring and damping forces based on low-frequency horizontal motions of the vessel. In addition, another two mooring line models, i.e., the catenary equation and the finite element method model, are presented for the purpose of higher-fidelity simulations. The basic TAPM control strategies are reviewed, including heading control, surge-sway damping, roll–pitch damping (for semisubmersibles), and line break detection and compensation. Details on the concepts of setpoint chasing for optimal positioning of a vessel at the equilibrium position are discussed based on balancing the mooring forces with the environmental loads and avoiding mooring line failure modes. One method for setpoint chasing is the use of a structural reliability index, accounting for both mean mooring line tensions and dynamic effects. Another method is the use of a lowpass filter on the position of the vessel itself, to provide a reference position. The most advanced method seems to be the use of a fault-tolerant control framework that, in addition to direct fault detection and isolation in the mooring system, incorporates minimization of either the low-frequency tensions in the mooring lines or minimization of the reliability indices for the mooring lines to select the optimal directions for the setpoint to move. A hybrid (or supervisory switching) control method is also presented, where a best-fit control law and observer law are automatically selected among a bank of control and observer algorithms based on the supervision of the sea-state and automatic switching logic.     

Development of control models for the planning of sustainable transportation systems

Planning of sustainable transportation systems requires integration of multiple systems while considering a holistic approach. A limited amount of research has been conducted that simultaneously considers all the transportation, economic activity, environmental and social effects. The proposed research envisages incorporating considerations related to sustainability and providing solutions to stakeholders in policy making. In this paper, a dynamic model for planning and development of sustainable transportation systems is presented. This is given by a system of three nonlinear differential equations representing the dynamics of the three independent states, namely, transportation, activity, and environmental systems. A policy scenario considering investment in energy efficient technologies and its effects on the states is discussed to assist making investment decisions. Optimal control techniques are used to design the controls. The results show that it is possible to formulate an optimal control to achieve the desired target. Numerical results, based on actual parameters, are presented to illustrate the long-term trends of the states. The methodology discussed in this paper will be helpful to decision makers in making optimal decisions. The contribution of this research work is the introduction of a systems and controls methodology to develop optimal policies for the design of sustainable systems.