中国智能运输系统(ITS)的发展

论文概括论述了国内外智能文通系统工程的发展,特别是我国当前交通运输系统深化 的问题,论述了我国“十五”智能交通发展的指导方针政策以及开发的重点,论文对我国的发展智能交通的系统的重点问题都进行阐述.     

高校大学生职业生涯教育研究

高校职业指导是一项实践性较强的工作,在实际操作中会不断地遇到新问题。如何帮助大学生进行职业生涯设计,是当今高校职业指导工作面临的挑战。高校积极有效地开展大学生职业生涯设计,是高校职业指导进一步向科学化发展的标志。     

低速磁浮车辆动力学建模与导向机构仿真分析

在分析低速磁浮车辆结构及其运动学关系基础上,利用SIMPACK软件,建立了含主动悬浮控制的76个自由度的磁浮车辆虚拟样机模型,开展了基于整车动力学的低速磁浮车辆导向机构仿真分析,研究了T形臂、横向滑台及两者之间的运动学规律。仿真结果表明:在300 m半径曲线和三转向架结构条件下,为了保证磁浮车辆顺利通过曲线,磁浮车辆导向机构前T形臂长度应大于后T形臂长度,两者比值的优化区域在1.50和2.00之间;车辆头尾T形臂相对于车体的转角幅值大小基本相同,方向相反,对应滑台的横向位移曲线形状与幅值基本相同;同一转向架前后滑台的最大横移量之比等于前后T形臂长度之比。     

城市交通流诱导信息板配置优化方法

为合理进行城市交通流诱导,提出了一种基于提高诱导覆盖率和减小诱导重复率双重约束下的信息板配置优化方法。在分区的道路网络条件和交通需求点分布确定的情况下,以追求分区内被诱导的交通量最大为前提,建立信息板优化布局函数,并通过遗传算法设计了信息板优化布局函数求解算法,在提高整个诱导覆盖率和减少诱导重复率的双重约束下确定信息板的合理数量。通过一个15个节点的网络实例验证,当设置6块信息板时,诱导重复率为1.000,且其诱导覆盖率也达到了0.978,为最优配置。结果显示该信息板配置方法能在一定交通诱导重复率的基础上达到交通诱导覆盖率最大,是一种提高交通流诱导效率的有效方法。     

路径信息诱导的双层规划模型

为了缓解交通拥堵与提高路网运行效率,建立了路径诱导信息的双层规划模型。上层模型描述信息发布者通过交通诱导信息发布手段优化路网层面的性能函数,下层模型采用效用函数描述驾驶员最优路径选择行为,其决策变量为交通信息类型,从而将交通信息对于驾驶员路径选择行为的影响引入模型中。利用极点搜索算法对一个简单路网的双层规划模型进行算例分析,得出了各种交通信息条件下上层目标函数值。虽然计算结果存在8%~13%的波动范围,但交通拥堵时发布的拥堵消散信息是最优方案,定性信息带来的总体效益要好于指示信息,因此,该模型可行。     

Environmental repercussions of parking demand management strategies using a constrained logit model

In order to select the correct mobility strategy, individuals’ choice behavior must be studied, and their reactions in response to strategies must be predicted. Upon exploring aspects subject to constraints, our results included walking distance, parking rates, search time and parking availability. We have identified scenarios in which simulation outputs of environmental parking mobility strategies differ significantly when using the Constrained Multi-Nominal Logit (CMNL) when compared with the widely used Multi-Nominal Logit (MNL). With the CMNL model growing in popularity, it is worth considering environmental mobility strategy repercussions in this context with the incorporation of relevant constraints.     

On the morning commute problem with bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints

Morning commuters choose their departure times based on a combination of factors—the chances of running into bottleneck congestion, the likely schedule delays, and parking space availability. This study investigates the morning commute problem with both bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints. In particular, it considers the situation when some commuters have reserved parking spots while others have to compete for public ones on a first-come-first-served basis. Unlike the traditional pure bottleneck model, the rush-hour dynamic traffic pattern with a binding parking capacity constraint varies with the relative proportions of the two classes of commuters. It is found that an appropriate combination of reserved and unreserved parking spots can temporally relieve traffic congestion at the bottleneck and hence reduce the total system cost, because commuters without a reserved parking spot are compelled to leave home earlier in order to secure a public parking spot. System performance is quantified in terms of the relative proportions of the two classes of commuters and is compared with those in the extreme cases when all auto commuters have to compete for parking and when none of them have to compete for one.     

Truck parking in urban areas: Application of choice modelling within traffic microsimulation

Urban truck parking policies include time restrictions, pricing policies, space management and enforcement. This paper develops a method for investigating the potential impact of truck parking policy in urban areas. An econometric parking choice model is developed that accounts for parking type and location. A traffic simulation module is developed that incorporates the parking choice model to select suitable parking facilities/locations. The models are demonstrated to evaluate the impact of dedicating on-street parking in a busy street system in the Toronto CBD. The results of the study show lower mean searching time for freight vehicles when some streets are reserved for freight parking, accompanied by higher search and walking times for passenger vehicles.     

简易陀螺仪惯性制导系统设计

在设计陀螺仪的过程中,需要注意陀螺仪应用于飞机控制飞行惯性制导系统时需要搭建传感器、单片机、晶体放大驱动三大模块。随后需要综合积分算法,从而保证陀螺仪可以自行调整飞机航线,而这项技术一般应用于自动驾驶系统中,飞行员在飞机飞行的过程中使用自动驾驶技术就能够极大的降低工作量,从而提升飞行质量。本文主要针对于简易陀螺仪在制作的过程中惯性制导系统的设计进行分析,并且对于未来的简易陀螺仪惯性制导系统设计方案进行了阐述。     

浅谈高校图书馆报刊阅览室的导读作用

本文以调查数据为据,通过分析大学生的阅读倾向,探讨图书馆报刊阅览室如何做好导读工作来引导大学生形成正确的阅读方式,从而发挥其在大学生素质培养中的作用。