盾构隧道壁后注浆中“定时浆”试验研究

我国盾构隧道广泛使用凝结时间较长的单液浆，但由于注入后不能及时凝结常常引发管片上浮、浆液流失等工程问题。针对这些问题提出“定时浆”的概念。通过在单液硬性浆中添加氯化铝溶液与水玻璃，基于浆液的胶结时间、流动度、28 d强度等指标研究了“定时浆”的配方。结果表明： 1）通过先加入氯化铝溶液再加入水玻璃的方法，可以实现浆液“定时”凝结； 2）在硬性浆中掺加0.50%~0.75%的氯化铝溶液、1.00%~1.25%的水玻璃，可以达到良好的定时效果； 3）通过简单的注浆设备改造可以形成“双液单注”的定时注浆工艺。     

A simple formulation for predicting the ultimate strength of ships

The aim of this study is to derive a simple analytical formula for predicting the ultimate collapse strength of a single- and double-hull ship under a vertical bending moment, and also to characterize the accuracy and applicability for earlier approximate formulations. It is known that a ship hull will reach the overall collapse state if both collapse of the compression flange and yielding of the tension flange occur. Side shells in the vicinity of the compression and the tension flanges will often fail also, but the material around the final neutral axis will remain in the elastic state. Based on this observation, a credible distribution of longitudinal stresses around the hull section at the overall collapse state is assumed, and an explicit analytical equation for calculating the hull ultimate strength is obtained. A comparison between the derived formula and existing expressions is made for largescale box girder models, a one-third-scale frigate hull model, and full-scale ship hulls.List of symbols A _B total sectional area of outer bottom - A _B total sectional area of inner bottom - A _D total sectional area of deck - A _S half-sectional area of all sides (including longitudinal bulkheads and inner sides) - a _s sectional area of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - b breadth of plate between longitudinal stiffeners - D hull depth - D _B height of double bottom - E Young's modulus - g neutral axis position above the base line in the sagging condition or below the deck in the hogging condition - H depth of hull section in linear elastic state - I _s moment of inertia of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - l length of a longitudinal stiffener between transverse beams - M _E elastic bending moment - M _p fully plastic bending moment of hull section - M _u ultimate bending moment capacity of hull section - M _uh ,M _us ultimate bending moment in hogging or sagging conditions - r radius of gyration of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(I _s /a _s )^1/2] - t plate thickness - Z elastic section modulus at the compression flange - Z _B ,Z _D elastic section modulus at bottom or deck - slenderness ratio of plate between stiffeners [= (b/t)(_y/E)^1/2] - slenderness ratio of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(l/r)(_y/E)^1/2] - _y yield strength of the material - _yB , _yB , _yD yield strength of outer bottom, inner bottom - _yS deck, or side - _u ultimate buckling strength of the compression flange - _uB , _uB , _uD ultimate buckling strength of outer bottom - _uS inner bottom, deck, or side     

无坎宽顶堰流量系数的计算及讨论

通过采用二元非线性回归分析方法对多个数学模型进行分析,结合实测资料,得到了水利工程中无坎宽顶堰流量系数的经验公式,克服了查表法中需要通过多步直线内插带来的不便,更适合在水力计算中应用。     

浅谈计算桥墩局部冲刷65-2原式与修正式

文中介绍了计算桥墩局部冲刷65-2原式与修正式的结构形式。简述关于桥墩局部冲刷研究的现状与发展趋势,论述两个公式的主要分歧,从而对两个公式进行了评估,并用实桥观测资料进行了验证。     

薄壁墩墩顶拉力简化计算

针对薄壁墩、花瓶墩等结构,提出墩顶带拉杆的Y形墩模型,给出了墩顶拉力的简化计算公式。     

75000t散货船阻力预报方法研究

在75000t散货船的设计建造过程中,主机的选型和功率的确定至关重要,这都取决于船舶在静水中以一定航速航行时的阻力值。本文对船舶阻力研究的三种方法,经验公式估算、船模试验和CFD数值计算进行介绍,并以75000t散货船为例讨论三种方法的预报阻力的可行性,以供设计者参考。     

渔船操纵性指数K、T的统计分析

船舶操纵性指数是描述船舶操纵性能的重要指标。现对11条渔船根据试验结果得到的K、T指数进行统计分析，得到了各种参数的影响规模，在此基础上，给出渔船操纵性能指数的估算公式。     

运输船舶在波浪中失速的近似估算

如何准确、快速、简便地估算船舶在波浪中的失速,已成为船舶研究、设计人员及航运界有关人员共同关心的一个重要课题。文中给出了近似估算运输船舶在波浪中失速的2个方法。对处于初步设计阶段且尚未做过静水快速性能模型试验的运输船舶,可直接应用第2个方法。该方法提出的近似估算公式应用方便,也不用编程便可直接人工计算,且与模型试验结果相当吻合。     

简析中美两国清障车标准中托举质量的计算公式

通过对比中美两国《清障车》标准中托举质量的计算公式,分析公式中各参数的选取条件,结合国产底盘中前后轴荷的分布特点,以实例计算结果为依据,提出了适合国情的计算清障车托举质量的参数条件。