站内咽喉区道口与计算机联锁结合研究及应用

结合工程实例,对站内咽喉区道口接近通知时间、接近通知点及道口信号机位置等方面进行分析研究,提出咽喉区道口信号与车站计算机联锁系统结合方案、接口技术条件及电路,通过计算机联锁逻辑驱动道口接近和到达条件,实现道口自动通知及道口自动信号,保证站内咽喉区道口行车安全。     

雪峰山隧道横洞专用防火门研究

公路隧道根据防灾和营运时需要，在人行横通道内都有必要设置防火门。提出了一种新型的防火门，并且阐述了其开启方式、结构型式、工作原理。这种全新的结构型式，火灾时能够真正起到防火隔烟的作用。     

Robust real-time pedestrians detection in urban environments with low-resolution cameras

Detecting that pedestrians are present in front of a vehicle is highly desirable to avoid dangerous traffic situations. A novel vision-based system is presented to automatically detect far-away pedestrians with low-resolution cameras mounted in vehicles given the contributions of fixed cameras present in the scene.Fixed cameras detect pedestrians by solving an inverse problem built upon a multi-class dictionary of atoms approximating the foreground silhouettes. A sparse-sensing strategy is proposed to extract the foreground silhouettes and classify them in real-time. Mobile cameras detect pedestrians given only their appearance in the fixed cameras. A cascade of compact binary strings is presented to model the appearance of pedestrians and match them across cameras.The proposed system addresses the practical requirements of transportation systems: it runs in real-time with low memory loads and bandwidth consumption. We evaluate the performance of our system when extracted features are severely degraded and the sensing devices are of low quality. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of our collaborative vision-based system.     

A dynamic evacuation model for pedestrian–vehicle mixed-flow networks

In urban emergency evacuation, a potentially large number of evacuees may depend either on transit or other modes, or need to walk a long distance, to access their passenger cars. In the process of approaching the designated pick-up points or parking areas for evacuation, the massive number of pedestrians may cause tremendous burden to vehicles in the roadway network. Responsible agencies often need to contend with congestion incurred by massive vehicles emanating from parking garages, evacuation buses generated from bus stops, and the conflicts between evacuees and vehicles at intersections. Hence, an effective plan for such evacuation needs to concurrently address both the multi-modal traffic route assignment and the optimization of network signal controls for mixed traffic flows. This paper presents an integrated model to produce the optimal distribution of vehicle and pedestrian flows, and the responsive network signal plan for massive mixed pedestrian–vehicle flows within the evacuation zone. The proposed model features its effectiveness in accounting for multiple types of evacuation vehicles, the interdependent relations between pedestrian and vehicle flows via some conversion locations, and the inevitable conflicts between intersection turning vehicle and pedestrian flows. An illustrating example concerning an evacuation around the M&T stadium area has been presented, and the results indicate the promising properties of our proposed model, especially on reflecting the complex interactions between vehicle and pedestrian flows and the favorable use of high-occupancy vehicles for evacuation operations.     

站内道口接近报警通知结合电路的探讨

站内道口接近报警通知与6502电气集中结合电路,由于缺乏定型设计,使得现场运用问题颇多。针对这一情况,从电路构成、原理分析、实际运用等方面进行系统分析。     

Waiting zones for realistic modelling of pedestrian dynamics: A case study using two major German railway stations as examples

The value of a pedestrian stream simulation depends on its ability to reproduce natural behaviour of pedestrians in different situations. Most models assume that pedestrians are single-minded and constantly move towards their destinations. However, our observations at two major German railway stations made during field experiments and our analysis of video recordings at one of these stations revealed that in virtually every setting a significant proportion of pedestrians do not walk continuously. Instead, they occasionally change their route in order to visit certain locations and stand there for a period of time. By waiting, they often block walking pedestrians and thereby influence the overall dynamics.In this paper, we evaluate the impact of waiting pedestrians and propose a model for waiting pedestrians based on cellular automata. The model is able to reproduce the observed pedestrian behaviour. We illustrate the model with simulations of several real life scenarios for a major German railway station and show that during rush hour standing pedestrians may prolong walking time by up to nearly 20%. We also demonstrate how the developed model can be used for the analysis of infrastructures, and prediction of problematic areas in public spaces.     

船舶在“交叉相遇局面”中的避让

本文在阐述了船舶在交叉相遇局面中的定义和责任的基础上，对这种局面中的让路船和直航船应采取的避让方法及行动作了介绍和说明。同时，通过对船舶在交叉相遇局面中发生的典型碰撞案例的分析，归纳了这类事故主要的发生原因，并就如何预防这类事故提出了相应的措施与方法。     

碳纤维复合材料发动机罩行人保护性能的试验验证

为研究碳纤维复合材料发动机罩行人保护性能,与同结构金属发动机罩进行了对比试验验证。试验结果表明,碳纤维复合材料发动机罩的头部合成加速度峰值比金属发动机罩平均低30%,在结构加强位置类似的情况下,其更有利于降低头部伤害值;碳纤维复合材料发动机罩对发动机舱内布置影响较小;碳纤维复合材料发动机罩在受到行人头部冲击后能够保证结构的完整性,有利于降低事故维修成本。     

高锰钢组合辙叉心轨铸造工艺的研究与应用

通过对高锰钢组合辙叉心轨的铸造工艺的研究,确定采用倾斜浇注、加放冒口和冷铁联合补缩以及改变铸件结构等措施,解决铸件存在的缺陷,产品质量得到了保证。     

站内道口电路的改进

主要阐述了道口通知电路中上行发车时发生下行发车误报、接车时列车追踪不报警、XII4.6.8.10信号开放不了、下行正线通过时错误报警等四种问题的解决处理方法。