基于有限元分析的横向 受荷刚性桩应变楔模型形体参数研究

为研究应变楔模型中形体参数的变化规律,以已有的砂土与黏土试验参数为依据,通过ABAQUS有限元软件对横向荷载下刚性桩的三维模型进行有限元分析。采用莫尔库仑本构模型、罚函数非连续接触算法以及线性缩减积分单元建立横向荷载下刚性桩的三维有限元模型,并对模型进行验证。根据ABAQUS的分析结果确定应变楔的边界应变值,确定应变楔的各个形体参数。基于控制变量法分析砂土与黏土中各应变楔形体参数的变化规律。对各参数进行回归分析,得到砂土与黏土中应变楔底角与长度的拟合公式。研究结果表明:不同土质下应变楔模型的形体参数在不同横向荷载、弹性模量以及内摩擦角下呈现的变化规律有明显差异,故对于不同土质下的应变楔模型宜分开进行考虑。     

温度作用天数对CRTSⅡ型CA砂浆抗压性能影响试验研究

CA砂浆是温度敏感性材料,温度变化及作用时间将直接影响其力学性能,从而影响到无砟轨道的耐久性和安全性。为研究温度作用天数对CRTSⅡ型CA砂浆抗压性能的影响,将CA砂浆放置于3种温度25、40、60℃中分别10、20、30 d,在常温中冷却6 h后采用GDS三轴仪对其进行单轴压缩试验,分析抗压强度、弹性模量和应力应变曲线的变化规律,并对其变化机理进行分析。结果表明:CA砂浆的单轴抗压强度随温度和放置天数的增长均呈线性增长,线性相关系数均在0.9以上;弹性模量随温度和放置天数的增长而增长;由于沥青高温中老化以及软化迁移,CA砂浆的应力应变曲线呈现脆性破坏特征,而且残余强度随放置温度的升高而降低。     

土工格栅加筋陡边坡路堤位移特性的试验研究

为了解土工格栅加筋陡边坡路堤的位移特性,通过离心模型试验和土工格栅应变的现场观测进行了研究.获得了土工格栅加筋路堤横断面位移分布和路堤中土工格栅应变随时间变化的情况,发现在边坡坡脚浸水的情况下,加筋模型有绕边坡坡脚倾覆的趋势,倾覆趋势随加筋密度的增大和边坡坡度的增大而增大,而不加筋路堤边坡发生了滑塌,表明土工格栅的加入提高了路堤的整体性.在边坡坡脚浸水的情况下,地基土体在边坡坡脚附近的推移以及在路堤下部的沉降是路堤破坏的主要原因,有无加筋、加筋密度和边坡坡度对地基土体位移的分布特性影响不大.     

玻纤格栅沥青混合料的劈裂试验研究

对玻纤格栅在沥青罩面层中抑制反射裂缝的机理进行了理论分析，通过室内劈裂试验，分别从延性和劈裂应变能的角度验证了玻纤格栅沥青混合料在常温及低温下抗裂性能方面的改进。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

Full scale measurements at magnus

The environmental and structural monitoring system on Magnus tower was designed making use of experience from previous monitoring systems on West Sole, Forties and Buchan. The paper describes the measuring systems adopted together with their calibration procedures and independent checks.

The major results in terms of environmental conditions and platform response are discussed. They are compared with the Forties results and standard design procedures. Deterministic and spectral extreme conditions are considered. Where applicable, comparisons are made with other published results.

Finally, the principal conclusions of the measurement programme are presented and discussed. These refer particularly to structural dynamics, coefficients for the Morison equation and appropriate methods of application of wave loading to a deep water structure.     

钻孔法测定焊接残余应力时的塑性释放应变

用钻孔法测定焊接残余应力时，孔边塑性变形对测量精度有很大影响，本文对孔边屈服过程进行了研究，克服了以往在误差修正方法中的缺点，确定了塑性释放应变εｐ与主应力σｉ、σ２和主方向角β的函数关系，用以修正孔边塑性变形引起的测量误差，使得在二维应力状态下的测量误差降至２％以下。     

金属材料在非对称非比例应变路径循环加载下的塑性行为

本文对42CrMoA高强度合金钢进行了具有不同平均应变的非比例拉压—扭转循环加载试验,研究平均应变对应力响应的影响。试验结果表明,在非对称应变循环下,材料的应力响应与平均应变无关。因此,在循环塑性本构模型的建立中,应该考虑这一试验现象。     

磷石膏-粉煤灰-石灰-粘土混合料的干缩试验研究

探讨了磷石膏粉煤灰-石灰-粘混合料作为基层材料的干缩特性，为工程应用提供理论依据。