关垭子隧道软弱围岩大变形机理分析

关垭子隧道穿越极高地应力状态软岩,施工过程中发生了大变形。在工程地质勘查、现场调研、岩石力学试验及监控量测的基础上,通过分析隧道变形特征,从隧道埋深、施工方法、围岩岩性、地应力及地下水等方面研究该隧道大变形的发生机理。研究结果表明:该隧道大变形以围岩塑性变形为主,膨胀变形影响较小,并对类似隧道的设计施工进行了展望。     

公路隧道围岩失稳概率计算中随机参数样本的修正

基于围岩变形破坏原理,建立了围岩稳定极限状态方程的普遍形式。研究了响应面方法求解该方程的过程,得出经典响应面方法仅仅适用于围岩物理力学参数随机分布曲线偏度系数为零的情况。针对围岩物理力学参数统计分布曲线的复杂性,利用统计矩参数对随机变量分布曲线形态特征的控制作用,提出了抽样样本修正方法和具体计算公式。归纳了修正后响应面算法的运行程序。以某公路隧道为例,分别采用经典算法和修正后算法计算了围岩稳定可靠度,然后与蒙特卡洛模拟结果进行了对照,经典方法计算结果与准精确解的绝对误差为1.017%,修正方法的计算结果与准...     

提高冲焊桥壳机械加工精度方法的探讨

通过在桥壳的机械加工过程中,导致的工艺系统误差、系统受力变形误差、系统热变形误差、工件内应力所引起的误差的方法探讨,从而掌握其变化的基本规律,采取相应的措施减少加工误差,提高加工精度。     

纵环加筋圆柱薄壳的塑性屈曲试验与分析

本文进行了纵环加筋圆柱薄壳在均布外压作用下的屈曲试验和分析研究。采用塑性形变理论和Misos屈服准则，在能量原理基础上导出了壳体简明的屈曲分析公式。给出了四个铝合金模型的屈曲破坏试验结果，描述了模型的破坏特征和破坏过程。试验及数值分析结果表明，在一定参数范围内，壳体将发生总体塑性屈曲破坏，且破坏表现为一个过程，局部屈曲将影响到总体屈曲临界压力。本文提供的总体屈曲简明分析方法具有较好的精度，可供初步设计时使用。     

用逐步逼近弯曲求解型材弯曲弹复曲率的方法

本文从塑性弯曲理论推出了用逐步逼近弯曲求解型材弯曲弹复曲率的实用方法,对型材自动化弯曲成形工艺处理回弹问题十分有效。     

广巴高速某隧道不同岩性围岩变形特征分析

通过对某隧道右线典型断面监控量测数据的回归分析,结合该隧道围岩性状的变化,阐述了泥岩和砂岩两种不同岩性围岩变形随时间变化的基本规律,并建立模型分析了其动态变形特征。根据该隧道围岩具有急剧变形和缓慢变形两个明显阶段的特点,在分析和评价围岩稳定性的基础上,预测了与实测结果基本吻合的二次衬砌的施作时间,并通过ANSYS进行了验证。结果表明,应力对岩体稳定时间的影响与模型稳定时间吻合。     

沈大高速公路桥涵加宽改造施工技术

通过沈大高速公路桥涵加宽改造施工实践,介绍了新旧桥梁结合部裂缝产生的机理,提出了防治裂缝的施工处理方案。     

Multi-scale modeling of fatigue crack propagation applied to random sequence of clustered loading

Fatigue crack propagation in marine structures is obviously governed by mechanics of the considerably different four levels of multi-scale problems. Problems of structural response to environmental loads have length scale of several hundred meters, whereas possible detectable size of cracks from initial defects in a weld is of the order of millimeters. Once a fatigue crack initiates, crack tip plasticity is of the order of several grain sizes, while the resulting fatigue crack growth in each load cycle is of the order of nanometers. In our previous work, the first author and their associates have developed the so-called CP-System, which can treat the first two multi-level problems as an integrated system. Furthermore, we have incorporated the third level of mechanics by using the stress intensity range corresponding to the repeated tensile plastic deformation ahead of the crack tip. In the present paper, we shall discuss a more rational integral equation-based formulation in order to integrate the third and fourth levels of micro-mechanics to the first two levels of continuum mechanics.The method is then applied to fatigue crack propagation under the effects of random sequence of clustered loading. As an example of the random sequence of clustered load, we shall use the so-called “storm model”. In the crack propagation simulation, we have to take into account of the plastic wake on the crack surfaces, whose thicknesses are influenced by the material parameters involved in the crack growth model. These parameters are first identified by the fatigue tests under combined constant and random loading using a CT specimen. Then, fatigue crack growth is investigated by numerical simulation and fatigue tests for various random sequences of clustered loading. The experimental and numerical results agree quite well with each other, and fatigue crack propagation is found to be considerably retarded under random sequence loading, so that the conventional equivalent stress approach may provide rather conservative results to the real seaway loading.     

多轴车辆轮荷计算方法研究

针对以往多轴车辆设计中只计算轴荷的情况,提出了计算多轴车辆轮荷的计算方法。通过分析多轴车辆空间受力情况并作适当假设,建立了多轴车辆轮荷计算模型,利用二维变形协调方程推导了轮荷计算公式。将由该公式计算的某多轴车辆轮荷与实际称重结果进行了对比,结果表明,所建立的轮荷计算公式能够较好地反映每个车轮实际的承载情况,可用于多轴车辆的整车设计、校核和优化。     

某公路隧道初期支护变形开裂分析

针对某公路隧道初期支护出现变形开裂并侵界的情况,通过对灾害原因的具体分析,提出了相关的工程处理措施和注意事项,为类似工程灾害的预防提供借鉴.