论公共交通特许经营

主要分析公共交通实施特许经营涉及到的市场准入、价格管理、监管体系等一些问题,以及实施公共交通特许经营的政策建议.     

轨道交通对房地产增值影响的计算

城市轨道交通对房地产增值的定量研究是目前探讨轨道交通与土地利用协调发展问题的热点。本文从正负两方面分析城市交通对房地产价格的影响,介绍了国内外常用于轨道交通对房地产增值影响计算的模型,并通过比较选择出适用于本次实例研究对象一长春市轻轨3号线的模型。在此基础上,选择能够较好地表达轨道交通与土地利用两者关系的因素作为特征变量纳入模型中,计算得到长春市轻轨3号线影响沿线房地产的增值量,同时根据计算结果得到轨道交通对沿线房地产增值的正面影响大于负面影响的结论。     

工程量清单计价模式下的合同管理研究

在招投标阶段,运用工程量清单计价办法确立的合同价款需要在施工过程中得到实施控制。而实现以项目为中心的施工合同协调管理,建立以合同管理为核心的项目管理体系,是提高项目管理水平的关键。文章基于施工合同管理中出现的风险分配和计价方式问题,提出工程量计价模式下的工程合同价款的约定事项、调整思路及效率优先的施工合同争议处理思路。     

One price for all? Price discrimination and market captivity: Evidence from the Italian city-pair markets

This paper tests whether, and to what extent, airlines exploit market captivity by using price discrimination strategies. The Italian passenger market is particularly fit for this purpose, given the high differentials in the degree of the inter-modal competition amongst domestic connections. Results show that, ceteris paribus, airlines adopt a different pricing behaviour depending on the degree of inter-modal market captivity. First, in highly concentrated markets with respect to air competitors, airlines price higher when the inter-modal competition is limited. This proves that inter-modal market captivity strengthens the effect of market power. Second, the inter-temporal price discrimination leads to a J-shaped distribution of fares over time, which is more pronounced when the inter-modal competition is effective. This suggests that airlines need to adopt a pricing technique that allows for a greater market segmentation in order to compete successfully with high-speed rail transport and to extract a larger part of passengers’ surplus. These results are relevant in terms of transport-investment implications and competition policy. The indirect benefits that investments in rail infrastructure would yield through downward pressures on competing airline fares should be embedded in any cost-benefit analysis of high-speed networks investments and in any policy evaluation of measures that aim to reduce the territorial gaps in infrastructure endowment and accessibility.     

Consumer purchase intentions for electric vehicles: Is green more important than price and range?

In view of global warming and climate change, a transition from combustion to electric vehicles (EVs) can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality. However, high acquisition costs and short driving ranges are considered to be main factors which impede the diffusion of EVs. Since electricity needs to be produced from renewable energy sources for EVs to be a true green alternative, the environmental performance of EVs is also presumed to be an important factor. This paper investigates the role of environmental performance compared to price value and range confidence regarding consumer purchase intentions for EVs. To develop our hypothesis, we interview 40 end-user subjects about their beliefs toward EVs. Then, we perform 167 test drives with a plug-in battery EV and conduct a survey with the participants to test the hypothesis. Results of a structural equation modeling support the hypothesis that the environmental performance of EVs is a stronger predictor of attitude and thus purchase intention than price value and range confidence.     

出租车拥有量对分担率影响研究

本文以出租车的空驶率、出租车在居民出行方式中的分担率、平均日运营车速、平均日运营时间和出租车价格等数据为参数,通过空驶率的计算方法,推导得出城市出租车拥有量的计算模型.通过北京市的实例分析,求得北京市出租车的拥有量,并分析了出租车的空驶率、分担率与拥有量之间的关系,进一步探讨了出租车拥有量的变化对空驶率和分担率的影响,最后通过推算得出北京市出租车分担率范围.     

The effect of prices and income on car travel in the UK

The objective of this paper is to analyse the factors determining household car travel, and specifically the effects of household income and the prices of cars and motor fuels, and to explore the intertemporal pattern of adjustment. The question of asymmetry in the response to rising and falling income is also addressed. Such asymmetry may be caused by habit or resistance to change or the tendency to acquire habits to consume more easily than to abandon them. The impact of prices, the speed of adjustment and the resistance to change will be important in determining the possibility of influencing travel behaviour and specifically car use. The study utilises repeated cross-section data from the annual UK Family Expenditure Surveys and employs a pseudo-panel methodology. The results are compared with those for car ownership estimated on the basis of similar models.     

对《铁路施工总价承包合同》有关条款的理解与思考

2008年《铁路建设项目总价承包标准施工招标文件补充文本》的发布,特别是铁路标准文本合同条款的实施,加强和规范了铁路建设工程投资管理和合同管理,促进和形成了铁路建筑市场的统一开放。但在工程实施过程中发现,铁路施工总价承包合同中还存在一些共性问题,为此进行分析与探讨,并针对某些条款提出修改意见,还就甲供材料设备价差的结算、预备费的使用和列支提出建议,以期维护合同的公平、公正性,提高铁路建设工程合同管理的水平。     

浅析性价比法评标对轨道交通机电设备采购价格的控制作用

为有效控制和降低城市轨道交通工程造价,保证轨道交通建设的可持续发展,此文针对以往工程建设中控制机电设备采购价格面临的难题进行阐述,对机电设备招标通常采用的评标方法（最低评标价法、综合评分法和性价比法）进行介绍。并以某工程多联式空调机组设备招标为例,论述采用性价比法和综合评分法进行评标方法和结果的对比分析,结果表明采用性价比法评标,能有效降低和控制设备采购价格,达到控制工程造价的目的。