Residential built environment and walking activity: Empirical evidence of Jane Jacobs’ urban vitality

This study intends to empirically verify Jacobs’ urban vitality theory, which was based on the observations of her New York City neighborhood in the mid-20th century. To examine the relationship between the residential built environment and walking activity, we used telephone survey data consisting of 1823 valid samples from across Seoul, a city characterized by a high population density and a well-established public transportation system. Respondents were asked questions about their residential location, their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and their walking activities. This study then used geographic information systems to measure objective indicators of built environment variables within 500-meter buffer areas based on the home addresses of the respondents. Then, this study constructed multilevel regression models with walking activity as the dependent variable. Our results indicated that walking activity is associated with Jacobs’ six conditions for urban vitality, including land use mix, density, block size, building age, accessibility, and border vacuums.     

西部某交通勘察设计企业发展战略转型研究

文章以西部某交通勘察设计企业为研究对象,对当前交通勘察设计企业所面临的内外部形势进行分析,并针对企业转型发展中所存在的问题,提出以创新为驱动的发展模式,总结归纳出推动企业可持续发展的相关对策,对类似交通勘察设计企业的转型发展具有一定的参考和指导意义。     

Optimization of transport investment and pricing policies: the role of transport pricing in network design

This paper investigates the role of transport pricing in network design and describes two facts about flow pattern in a transportation system. The first, illustrated by an example of Braess paradox, is that adding a new link to the network does not necessarily minimize the total travel time. The second is that introducing of appropriate toll pricing may reduce not only the total network time but also the travel time for each individual traveller. It follows with the investigations of different system objectives and different pricing policies (only toll pricing and distance‐based pricing are considered), and shows how they affect the system performance and flow pattern. Lastly, a systematic optimization process is proposed for integrated planning of transport network and pricing policies.     

鹦鹉洲接线工程立交匝道桥计算方法和设计要点

立交匝道桥由于其结构受力与直线桥存在差异,特别是由于弯扭耦合作用,其转矩通常比直线箱梁桥大.介绍了鹦鹉洲接线工程立交匝道桥的计算方法和特殊构造细节,如箱梁横隔板、抗扭钢筋、伸缩缝及支座选用布置等设计要点.     

运用操纵模拟器试验进行超大型船舶航道宽度计算研究

运用船舶操纵模拟器模拟试验的方法,通过试验分析风、流压偏角等因素与超大型船舶在航行时航迹带宽度之间的关系,提出了超大型船舶在风、流以及波浪作用下,进出港航行所需航道宽度的计算方法。     

模糊综合评价在多学科优化设计变量选择中的应用

以灵敏度分析理论为基础,将模糊数学综合评判理论应用于多学科优化设计变量的选择与评价。以某集装箱船为例,在建立了包含静力学、模态分析和动力学的多学科优化时设计变量选择的模糊评判数学模型之后,综合考虑了应力、位移、固有频率、速度和加速度等参数对设计变量的影响。分析表明,该方法简便易行、结果可靠。     

深水大流速条件下的钢栈桥抗倾覆设计

对于深水大流速条件下的钢栈桥设计,抗倾覆计算是考虑的重点。以四川省泸州市黄舣长江大桥钢栈桥设计为例,介绍深水大流速条件下钢栈桥稳定性计算方法,供同行参考。     

摩托车车架动态特性分析与改进设计（1）

通过对车架结构动态性能的评估,找出动力学上的缺陷并进行合理的结构修改,改善了车架结构的动态特性,减小了摩托车振动,为摩托车结构的减振优化研究提供了可借鉴的方法。     

某飞燕式系杆拱桥的设计简介

飞燕式系杆拱桥属于自平衡中承式拱桥,因其造型优美,跨度较大,近年来得到广泛采用。某飞燕式系杆拱桥主桥跨径布置为25 m+100 m+25 m=150 m,中跨拱肋为完整拱形结构,边跨拱肋为半跨拱形结构,拱肋均采用钢筋混凝土箱型断面。预应力钢绞线系杆锚在边拱肋端部,拱脚均固结在拱座上。拱肋设二榀分列,肋间中距为10.8 m,全桥共设11对吊杆,间距均为7 m。     

平面交叉口港湾式左转车道安全设计

在平面交叉口交通事故中,与左转相关的事故占较大比例,而设置港湾式左转车道,可有效改善平交路口的交通安全状况。分析左转车辆对交叉口安全性的影响,确定设置港湾式左转车道的主要因素,并结合国内外研究,从左转车道的长度和宽度等方面对左转车道的设计进行探讨,提出平面交叉口港湾式左转车道的安全设计方法并分析其安全效益。