基于二进制可辨矩阵知识约简方法的完备有效性

对于海量数据的铁路各种信息管理系统,利用基于二进制可辨矩阵的知识约简方法简化数据和从大量的冗余数据中挖掘出有价值的信息,是一种很有前途的方法。但实例证明该方法中的一些规则在有些情况下还不是完备有效的。因此,以从铁道部某管理信息系统的数据中抽取并建立的决策表为例进行检算和分析,提出基于二进制可辨矩阵知识约简方法的有效性及完备性的形式化定义,即:若给定二进制矩阵其列向量逻辑和为全“1”,则其正域相等,称其为有效;反之也成立,则称其为完备。从理论上给出严格的证明,首先求出有效和完备的二进制矩阵,然后求出最简的二进制矩阵,所得结果就是最简约简。     

客运专线数据通信业务实现方案

结合客运专线通信传输业务的需求及特点，介绍3种数据通信业务的实现方案，并对它们从业务承载能力、接口种类、保护、系统成熟性、可靠性和经济性等方面综合分析比较。     

保价运输与运输保险的竞合关系研究

通过分析铁路保价运输与运输保险之间竞合关系,建立保价运输市场份额模型和利润模型。其中,市场份额模型包括自然增长模型、合作模型、竞争模型与竞合模型。在此基础上,确定铁路保价运输在与运输保险竞合关系基础上的最优保价费率模型,分析二者的竞合关系对保价运输费率和保价运输市场份额的影响。     

典型地铁站台射频天线电磁暴露安全评估

为有效评估典型地铁站台射频天线对乘客电磁暴露的安全性,设计地铁站台无线通信系统吸顶天线和乘客人体模型,利用基于有限元的电磁仿真软件,构建吸顶天线辐射下的地铁站台乘客候车电磁环境模型,研究候车乘客的公众电磁暴露问题。结果表明:天线分别工作在900和2 440 MHz时,人体组织的平均比吸收率最大值分别为4.441×10-7和1.165×10^-6W·kg^-1,电场强度最大值分别为0.139和0.148V·m^-1,平均比吸收率在人体组织内的衰减均大于电场强度的衰减;2 440MHz时的射频电磁能量在颅内的穿透能力小于900MHz时;所有计算值均低于国际非电离辐射委员会制定的公众电磁暴露限值,说明地铁站台射频天线对乘客的电磁暴露不会构成健康威胁。     

产品数据管理(PDM)实施技术研究

主要阐述了产品数据管理技术的基本概念,论述了PDM技术在企业中的应用和实施优势,分析了PDM技术实施的目标、内容和基本步骤。     

Open Inventor在隧道交通仿真中的应用

介绍了三维图形软件包Open Inventor特点及其相关技术．并就其在隧道交通仿真中的应用为例。详细阐述了Open Inventor在虚拟场景建立。三维漫游,仿真数据可视化等方面的应用。     

Collection, spillback, and dissipation in pedestrian evacuation: A network-based method

We present a method of predicting pedestrian route choice behavior and physical congestion during the evacuation of indoor areas with internal obstacles. Under the proposed method, a network is first constructed by discretizing the space into regular hexagonal cells and giving these cells potentials before a modified cell transmission model is employed to predict the evolution of pedestrian flow in the network over time and space. Several properties of this cell transmission model are explored. The method can be used to predict the evolution of pedestrian flow over time and space in indoor areas with internal obstacles and to investigate the collection, spillback, and dissipation behavior of pedestrians passing through a bottleneck. The cell transmission model is further extended to imitate the movements of multiple flows of pedestrians with different destinations. An algorithm based on generalized cell potential is also developed to assign the pedestrian flow.     

On the use of mathematical programming in the evaluation of transport policies

This paper focuses on the evaluation processes by which decisions regarding transportation alternatives can be assisted. A multidimensional approach usually called multiple criteria decision making is required to represent the complexity of transportation policy and systems.

The multiple criteria decision making techniques can be divided into two groups. The first is based on a ranking scheme approach and the second on a mathematical programming approach.

A multiple objective mathematical programming procedure known as Goal Programming is presented. The authors examined the use of that procedure in real transportation problems.

The results suggest that multiple objective mathematical programming techniques in general do not appear to be appropriate in transportation policy analysis involving mutually exclusive alternatives. Their use can be limited to special cases in the private sector.     

Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice

The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted.     

TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained.