信息技术对水运公共行政的影响

社会信息化是当代社会的一种大趋势，它正推动着水运公共行政现代化的进程。信息技术的发展对诸如行政人员、行政决策、行政组织、行政方法、行政公文、政府管理模式等公共行政要素和过程产生着深远的影响。     

A zonal inference model based on observed smart-card transactions for Santiago de Chile

The collection of origin–destination data for a city is an important but often costly task. This way, there is a need to develop more efficient and inexpensive methods of collecting information about citizens’ travel patterns. In this line, this paper presents a generic methodology that allows to infer the origin and destination zones for an observed trip between two public transport stops (i.e., bus stops or metro stations) using socio-economic, land use, and network information. The proposed zonal inference model follows a disaggregated Logit approach including size variables. The model enables the estimation of a zonal origin–destination matrix for a city, if trip information passively collected by a smart-card payment system is available (in form of a stop-to-stop matrix). The methodology is applied to the Santiago de Chile’s morning peak period, with the purpose of serving as input for a public transport planning computational tool. To estimate the model, information was gathered from different sources and processed into a unified framework; data included a survey conducted at public transport stops, land use information, and a stop-to-stop trip matrix. Additionally, a zonal system with 1176 zones was constructed for the city, including the definition of its access links and associated distances. Our results shows that, ceteris paribus, zones with high numbers of housing units have higher probabilities of being the origin of a morning peak trip. Likewise, health facilities, educational, residential, commercial, and offices centres have significant attraction powers during this period. In this sense, our model manages to capture the expected effects of land use on trip generation and attraction. This study has numerous policy implications, as the information obtained can be used to predict the impacts of changes in the public transport network (such as extending routes, relocating their stops, designing new routes or changing the fare structure). Further research is needed to improve the zonal inference formulation and origin–destination matrix estimation, mainly by including better cost measures, and dealing with survey and data limitations.     

真空管道运输系统管道模型结构分析与实验内容

对真空管道运输(ETT)系统管道实验模型的整体结构和尺寸、主要功能部件的设置以及该管道实验模型建成后将进行的实验内容等进行了分析和介绍。     

关于上海公交体制改革的几点建议

在改革推进中，上海在公交管理体制、运营机制、服务质量方面得到不断提升。随着上海城市社会、经济的快速发展，2010年上海世博会的召开以及居民出行要求的日益提高，上海市公交系统面临新的挑战，由此提出了进一步深化公交体制改革的要求。对于上海这一轮的公交体制改革，从改革的目的、改革的方式方法、改革的配套措施等方面提出了几点建议。     

河池市城乡公交客运发展思路探析

文章基于广西河池市城乡公交客运发展情况,分析了发展城乡公交客运存在的问题,提出了加快城乡公交客运发展的建议,为河池市加快发展城乡公交客运提供思路。     

基于Mapxtreme的公路军事运输WebGIS开发研究

摘要：公路军事运输信息化是后勤保障信息化的重要建设内容。Gls技术融合了当前先进知识和技术，已经深入影响到国民经济生活各个领域，在军事上也得到了广泛应用，促进了军队信息化的建设和发展。基于此技术，对公路军事运输地理信息系统开发进行了探讨。     

论船舶登记的公信力

公信力理论起源于德国,是登记的理论基础。文中从物权的公示和公信力理论出发,剖析公信力理论的内涵、现实意义、在国外的适用情况,并联系我国船舶登记的实际情况,阐述公信力理论在我国建立的必要性和可行性,提出可通过引入船舶登记前置的公证程序和变更异议登记制度等途径进一步提高和完善船舶登记的公信力。     

Assessing the cost of transfer inconvenience in public transport systems: A case study of the London Underground

Few studies have adequately assessed the cost of transfers² in public transport systems, or provided useful guidance on transfer improvements, such as where to invest (which facility), how to invest (which aspect), and how much to invest (quantitative justification of the investment). This paper proposes a new method based on path choice,³ taking into account both the operator’s service supply and the customers’ subjective perceptions to assess transfer cost and to identify ways to reduce it. This method evaluates different transfer components (e.g., transfer walking, waiting, and penalty) with distinct policy solutions and differentiates between transfer stations and movements.The method is applied to one of the largest and most complex public transport systems in the world, the London Underground (LUL), with a focus on 17 major transfer stations and 303 transfer movements. This study confirms that transfers pose a significant cost to LUL, and that cost is distributed unevenly across stations and across platforms at a station. Transfer stations are perceived very differently by passengers in terms of their overall cost and composition. The case study suggests that a better understanding of transfer behavior and improvements to the transfer experience could significantly benefit public transport systems.     

A network option portfolio management framework for adaptive transportation planning

A real option portfolio management framework is proposed to make use of an adaptive network design problem developed using stochastic dynamic programming methodologies. The framework is extended from Smit’s and Trigeorgis’ option portfolio framework to incorporate network synergies. The adaptive planning framework is defined and tested on a case study with time series origin-destination demand data. Historically, OD time series data is costly to obtain, and there has not been much need for it because most transportation models use a single time-invariant estimate based on deterministic forecasting of demand. Despite the high cost and institutional barriers of obtaining abundant OD time series data, we illustrate how having higher fidelity data along with an adaptive planning framework can result in a number of improved management strategies. An insertion heuristic is adopted to run the lower bound adaptive network design problem for a coarse Iran network with 834 nodes, 1121 links, and 10 years of time series data for 71,795 OD pairs.     

对中等城市公交补贴问题的思考

资金保障是公交优先发展的重要支撑条件,而财政补贴则是公交企业获取资金的重要方式,在以往公交运营管理中,由于缺乏对政策性亏损和经营性亏损的清晰界定.加上未建立完善的公交补贴机制,导致在公交补贴这一问题上较为混乱,一定程度上制约了公交发展.文章以中等城市为研究对象,在明确公共交通属性的基础上,对公交补贴的核心技术问题进行了分析,最后,文章还对中等城市未来面临的复杂公交组成条件下的公交补贴问题进行了初步探讨.