中国城市公交和车辆技术的创新发展

本文对中国城市公交和车辆技术的创新发展最新成果进行了介绍，论述了中国城市公交和车辆技术的发展方向及发展前景。     

MaaS trends and policy-level initiatives in the EU

The concept of mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) was conceived in Finland, and it is characteristically user-oriented. Interest in MaaS has quickly spread across Europe along with the rapid advances in information and communications technology and the internet of things in recent years, as the realization of MaaS is consistent with the policy directions of the EU member states promoting the use of public transport.This paper describes the MaaS concept in EU, the birth of the concept in Finland and its background, and EU-wide policy level initiatives and their characteristics.     

240t级U型梁运架设备研制与应用

U型梁具有环保节能、外形美观、运营成本低、系统先进高效等特点,广泛应用于国内多条轨道交通中。传统U型梁采用吊车吊装或者轮轨运架设备架设,受地理条件及辅助工艺影响较大,施工效率低、适应能力差。针对青岛蓝色硅谷轨道交通U型梁研制出240 t级U型梁运架设备,本文重点描述该套装备的组成、技术特点、相关参数、施工工序及关键技术等。通过现场实践证明,该设备能适应多种复杂工况且安全高效,对同类工程具有推广和借鉴意义。     

压缩铁路货车停留时间的决策分析

在广泛调研的基础上，综合各方意见提出了压缩货车停时的有关技术措施，采用层次分析法进行评定，确定各项措施的重要程度并挑选出经济合理且符合铁路发展趋势的技术措施     

基于模糊优先关系的路径选择模型

模糊现象客观地存在于路径选择过程,本文考虑到路径之间的模糊优先关系,在模糊用户均衡条件的假设下,提出了一种新的路径选择模型。首先采用均值面积度量法度量路径的感知阻抗找到具有最小感知阻抗的路径,并通过优势检测产生出行者备选路径集合;然后在构造模糊优先关系矩阵的基础上计算备选路径的优先度,由此得到路径被选择的可能性。该模型可看作是Logit模型的一般化,并且在路径感知阻抗难以用模糊变量描述的情况下,仍能通过两两比较路径的优先关系计算各条路径被选择的可能性。     

Creator和Vega在虚拟道路交通中的应用

虚拟现实是一种高度逼真地模拟人在现实世界中视、听、动等行为的人机界面技术,已经从面向军事用途扩展到很多领域。文章简单介绍了虚拟现实技术的概念,并在对虚拟现实软件MultiGen Creator和Vega的三维建模技术、LynX图形界面与API函数进行介绍的基础上,将虚拟现实技术应用到道路交通的规划设计中,建立虚拟道路交通系统,并利用Vega声音仿真模块加入了声音效果。经仿真试验,该系统在一般配置的计算机上可以流畅运行,满足实时要求。     

陕西省高速公路路网与道路客运竞争力分析

随着陕西省“米”字型路网构架的不断完善,高速公路路网的运输效率也需要不断提高,以便与一体化的路网发展步调一致。鉴于此,文章对陕西省部分高速公路建成通车后高速公路运输与一般公路运输、铁路运输以及航空运输之间的竞争实力进行了比较,针对目前陕西省高速公路路网的客运运输效率,提出能进一步增强道路客运竞争力的政策建议。     

An analysis of public bus transit performance in Indian cities

Maintaining and enhancing public transit service in Indian cities is important, to meet rapidly growing mass mobility needs, and curb personal motor vehicle activity and its impacts at low cost. Indian cities rely predominantly on buses for public transport, and are likely to continue to do so for years. However, the public bus transit service is inadequate, and unaffordable for the urban poor. The paper explores the factors that contribute to and affect efforts to improve this situation, based on an analysis of the financial and operational performance of the public bus transit service in the four metropolitan centres and four secondary cities during the 1990s. Overall, there were persistent losses, owing to increasing input costs and declining productivity. The losses occurred despite rapidly increasing fares, and ridership declined. The situation, and the ability to address it, is worse in the secondary cities than the metropolitan centres. We suggest a disaggregated approach based on the needs and motivations of different groups in relation to public transit, along with improved operating conditions and policies to internalize costs of personal motor vehicle use, to address the challenge of providing financially viable and affordable public bus transit service.     

基于信用评级体系的治超机制框架研究

通过对道路货物运输信用体系与治超工作相互关系的分析,在借鉴国内外治超有益经验以及相关行业信用体系先进理念的基础上,运用系统工程、信用经济学等方面的知识,采用定量与定性分析相结合的方法,重点就货运企业信用评级指标、流程以及管理模式进行了研究,搭建道路货物运输行业信用综合评定体系框架,并结合实际提出了发挥信用作用的治超新机制和对应措施,为当前的治超工作提供决策参考。     

公交IC卡数据处理的换乘矩阵构造方法研究

针对在城市公交换乘枢纽选址中换乘量调查所面临的困难,利用了公交IC卡的大量信息,并对其进行处理,得出城市公交线路间的换乘量,进而得到城市公交换乘矩阵,并结合长春市公交换乘枢纽规划实例,将该方法应用到城市公交换乘枢纽选址中去.