智能公交系统建设运行中的管理制度建设

从智能公交系统建设运行中所需的管理制度配合工作角度出发,首先对系统建设运行中制度建设所存在的问题进行分析,进一步深入分析了系统建设实施对企业运营管理的影响,进而提出配合智能公交系统实施与运行的科学管理制度设计内容。本文为城市智能公交系统建设和提升信息技术应用水平提供了管理制度建设思路和方法。     

基于TransCAD的"一路一线"公交布线方法仿真研究

“一路一线”是近年来提出的一种公交布线新思路,目前还没有在实际中得以应用。为了验证“一路一线”公交布线方法的可行性,以佛山南海中心城区桂城为研究对象,运用仿真软件TransCAD建立起公交仿真系统。在对仿真对象公交线网现状进行仿真校验的基础上,再采用“一路一线”的公交布线方法重新设计其公交线网．进行仿真。为了评价“一路一线”公交布线方法的仿真效果,从设施水平和服务水平两个方面设定评价指标,分别对现状公交线网和采用“一路一线”方法布设的公交线网仿真的结果进行了比较、评价。该项研究对验证“一路一线”公交布线方法的可行性进行了有益探索,为城市公共交通的改善尤其是新兴城市公交线网的设计提供借鉴。     

呼和浩特市优先发展公共交通的思路

城市的快速发展对交通提出了更高的要求,优先发展公共交通成为目前解决城市交通问题的最佳途径。本文通过对呼和浩特市交通的现状及存在问题、优先发展公共交通的必要性进行分析,提出了呼和浩特市优先发展公共交通的各项对策。     

小城镇公交安全的诊断报告

小城镇是我国居民居住场所的重要组成部分,其发展关系到我国社会经济的发展及和谐社会的构建。在小城镇发展中,交通状况已经成为制约其发展的瓶颈,其中以交通安全问题最为严峻,应当给予足够的重视。本文就此问题进行具体的分析,并就部分驾驶员素质低、道路设计不合理、违章司机处罚困难等问题提出相应的对策。     

城市公共交通系统集成调度构想

在研究城市公共交通运输系统各种运输方式调度问题的基础上,提出了城市公共交通运输系统集成调度的构想,并研究了集成调度策略。研究表明,实现公共交通调度的整体集成是可行的,集成系统能够使得各种公共运输方式之间更加协调的工作,各种运输方式资源能够更加合理优化配置,实现整个城市公共交通联运联调,提高系统整体运营效率,在更大程度上满足乘客的利益。     

公益性物流发展策略研究

物流业作为国民经济和社会发展的基础性、战略性产业,以"市场运作,政府引导"为主要原则的发展模式,极大地发挥了市场在物流发展中的决定性作用,较好地解决了政府与市场的关系问题。然而,物流不仅具有经济性,同时还具有社会性,以国有资本发展公益性物流是政府保持宏观经济稳定,加强和优化公共服务,保障公平竞争,推动可持续发展,促进共同富裕,弥补市场失灵的重要政策方向。     

Generic Framework for Transport Network Designs: Applications and Treatment in Intermodal Freight Transport Literature

Abstract

Six principles for the design of transport systems are described, including direct link, corridor, hub‐and‐spoke, connected hubs, static routes, and dynamic routes. The designs are theoretically discussed, defining the operational character of each design and their application in passenger, freight and rail freight transport. The theory is then applied to intermodal freight transport by comparing the terminology used in the paper with that in the scientific literature. The advantages of using a generic terminology over contextual ones are identified from the perspectives of researchers, commercial operators and policy‐makers.     

The efficiency of public transport operations – An evaluation using stochastic frontier analysis

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of public transport operations undertaken in Swedish counties by the Public Transport Authorities (PTA), taking into account the substantial differences in operating conditions between counties. The analysis will be performed using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) with annual data from 1986 to 2009 for 26 Swedish counties. The analysis shows how the efficiency of the individual counties has changed over time. The results are used to provide a ranking (in terms of efficiency) of the Swedish public transport authorities that can provide a basis for benchmarking. It is concluded that the efficiency of the public transport providers in all counties fell during the observed time period. Defining cost efficiency as the ratio of minimum cost to observed cost, the overall (average) cost efficiency for the industry fell from 85.7% in the eighties to 60.4% for the period from 2000 to 2009. Possible explanations for the development include increased emphasis on route density as well as higher environmental and safety requirements.     

A microeconomic interpretation for the system optimal traffic assignment problem with nonadditive path cost

Using a Bergson–Samuelson welfare function, we outline a microeconomic interpretation of the effects of the non-linearity in the time/cost relationship for travellers in a congested transport network. It is demonstrated that a marginal cost traffic flow assignment following Wardrop's second principle, although it minimizes the total cost of a transport network, may reduce social welfare compared to the market equilibrium assignment based on Wardrop's first principle. A welfare-maximizing assignment model is presented and used to show that if the travellers' utility functions are linear, the assignment that maximizes social welfare will be the same as the assignment that minimizes total network cost, but if users' utility functions are non-linear (reflecting the traditional non-satiation and diminishing marginal utility axioms), the two assignments will be different. It is further shown that the effects of this non-linearity are such that a welfare-maximizing assignment will meet with less user resistance than a minimum total network cost assignment.     

Performance evaluation and obstacle factors analysis of urban public transport priority

ABSTRACT

Through the comprehensive consideration of four subsystems – overall development level, infrastructure construction, public transportation service level and policy support – an index system of public transport priority performance evaluation is established. A performance evaluation of bus priority implementation in Wuhan City from 2007 to 2016 is carried out by applying the difference coefficient CRITIC-TOPSIS model. The obstacle factor model is also used to diagnose the factors affecting the priority performance of urban public transport. The research results show that, during this decade, the comprehensive performance of Wuhan City’s public transport priority developed from poor to medium, then to good and finally to excellent. The overall development level and infrastructure construction performance subsystems have the highest obstacle degree, followed by public transportation service levels and policy support performance subsystems. The research idea and method of this paper provide a realistic basis for promoting the priority performance of urban public transport.