基于双层规划的装备调配系统建模研究

结合我军装备保障现状,考虑供应满意度和调配成本的平衡,在分析装备调配系统的结构成本和运行成本的基础上,建立了装备调配系统的双层规划模型。研究了动态需求下装备调配系统的网络结构和调配策略,得到最优组织结构和运行成本。模型可以提高装备调配系统的科学性,对装备调配保障方案优化具有指导意义。     

桥梁下部墩台综合计算程序功能简介

该软件根据设计需要,从上部活载加载、荷载组合到结构计算、配筋、钻孔桩计算等各项内容均自动完成。各种输出结果均可直接以图形的形式在屏幕上显示出来。     

Dealing with the efficient allocation of scarce resources at congested airports

The existing slot allocation mechanism, based on the International Air Transport Association (IATA) system and its complementary version of the European Union (EU) regulation, produces rather poor capacity allocation outcomes for congested EU airports since it fails to properly match slots requested with slots allocated to airlines. Inefficiencies during the initial allocation are mainly due to the problem complexity in conjunction to limited decision support available to slot coordinators. On the other hand, substantial inefficiencies give rise to severe slot misuse and unreasonably low utilisation of airport resources running already into scarcity. The objective of this paper is to develop an optimisation-based model implementing the existing EU/IATA rules, operational constraints, and coordination procedures with the ultimate objective to better accommodate airlines’ preferences at coordinated airports through the minimisation of the difference between the requested and the allocated slot times to airlines. The results of the model are assessed and compared vis-à-vis the allocation outcome produced according to current slot coordination practice in three regional Greek airports. The proposed model produces very promising results and demonstrates that there is large room for improvement of the efficiency of the current allocation outcome in a range between 14% and 95%. The discussion of the model results is complemented by a sensitivity analysis highlighting the importance of declared capacity and the magnitude of its influence on slot allocation efficiency.     

城市交通供给侧结构性改革研究

城市交通供给侧结构性改革的实质是以改善交通供给为着眼点,通过资源配置方式的创新,提升交通资源配置的效率和效益。基于城市交通供给的服务产品社会经济属性分析,认为当前中国城市交通供给模式存在供给决策缺乏科学依据和法制约束、供给策略失当、发展理念错位、服务供给与市场需求脱节、交通供给过分依赖资源驱动等问题。指出城市交通供给侧结构性改革应坚持合理性、有效性、科学性的衡量标准。提出城市交通供给侧结构性改革的战略目标、方向和当前改革的重点,包括调整交通供给模式、重组交通体系结构、优化交通供给策略等。     

On the distribution of urban road space for multimodal congested networks

Transport systems in real cities are complex with many modes of transport sharing and competing for limited road space. This work intends to understand how space distributions for modes and interactions among modes affect network traffic performance. While the connection between performance of transport systems and general land allocation is the subject of extensive research, space allocation for interacting modes of transport is an open research question. Quantifying the impact of road space distribution on the performance of a congested multimodal transport system with a dynamic aggregated model remains a challenge. In this paper, a multimodal macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) is developed to represent the traffic dynamics of a multimodal transport system. Optimization is performed with the objective of minimizing the total passenger hours traveled (PHT) to serve the total demand by redistributing road space among modes. Pricing strategies are also investigated to provide a higher demand shift to more efficient modes. We find by an application to a bi-modal two-region city that (i) the proposed model captures the operational characteristics of each mode, and (ii) optimal dynamic space distribution strategies can be developed. In practice, the approach can serve as a physical dynamic model to inform space distribution strategies for policy makers with different goals of mobility.     

An Iterative Power Allocation Algorithm for Group-wise Space-Time Block Coding Systems

An iterative transmit power allocation (PA) algorithm was proposed for group-wise space-time block coding (G-STBC) systems with group-wise successive interference cancellation (GSIC) receivers. Group-wise interference suppression (GIS) filters are employed to separate each group's transmit signals from other interferences and noise. While the total power on all transmit symbols is constrained, all transmit PA coefficients are updated jointly according to the channel information at each iteration. Through PA, each detection symbol has the same post-detection signal to interference-and-noise ratio (SINR). The simulation results verify that the proposed PA algorithm converges at the equilibrium quickly after few iterations, and it achieves much lower bit error rates than the previous single symbol SIC PA and the fixed ratio PA algorithms for G-STBC systems with GSIC receivers .     

A New Traffic Model for Mobile Wireless Networks

A new traffic model for mobile wireless networks was given and analysed. In the model, it is considered of traffic characteristic for two special periods of time. A pre-emptive priority scheme combined with channel borrowing strategy according to the speciality was proposed. All the channels can be used by non-real-time services, and real-time services are given higher priority for they are allowed to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time services. Either real-time handoff requests or non-real-time handoff requests can be queued in queues when there is no channel can be used. Some channels are reserved for real-time handoff requests, which can also be used by non-real-time service when they are idle. Simulation results are also given. It is seen that our scheme performs better than other schemes when the arrival rate of real-time services is much higher than non-real-time services.     

科技进步对交通运输系统发展的影响

人类是科技的发明者，也被科技发展深刻影响.本文从交通运输角度分析人类社会与科技发展的历史关系，解读科技进步对交通运输业及其发展方式、结构的作用.研究发现：科技正以越来越显著、程度越来越强的方式影响着人类客货运输的效率及服务水平.同时，科技发展的速度越来越快，形成了滚雪球的效果.交通运输业的发展在技术进步的推动下需要更多地关注长期战略与长期规划，以避免短期策略带来的重复投资与可能的浪费.未来大数据、物联网、共享技术等给人类社会带来的不仅是效益与效率的改变，还将涉及大量与传统观念甚至社会伦理不同的变革，这些变革值得从社会治理角度去重视与研究.研究认为：“十四五”至2035年，在全面认识未来变革导致的需求下降等风险基础上，首先，应从政府层面做好顶层设计工作，优化交通运输资源配置；其次，应尽快研究规范科技带动下交通运输新兴产品的管理；第三，借助科技发展的推动，提高既有交通运输基础设施的效能，研究部分基础设施提供延伸服务的方法；最后，研究交通运输行业供需新理念，进一步提升客货运输服务质量. 这些变革对于交通运输专业工作者与决策者都是新的挑战.     

简谈未来轨道交通列车控制系统技术的发展

分析外界需求和新兴技术对铁路行业的牵引和驱动,并对轨道交通列车控制系统的互联互通、时空坐标体系、资源分配策略、自动驾驶以及多模式交通管控等方面技术进行分析和展望。     

A novel integrated chassis controller for full drive-by-wire vehicles

In this paper, a systematic design with multiple hierarchical layers is adopted in the integrated chassis controller for full drive-by-wire vehicles. A reference model and the optimal preview acceleration driver model are utilised in the driver control layer to describe and realise the driver's anticipation of the vehicle's handling characteristics, respectively. Both the sliding mode control and terminal sliding mode control techniques are employed in the vehicle motion control (MC) layer to determine the MC efforts such that better tracking performance can be attained. In the tyre force allocation layer, a polygonal simplification method is proposed to deal with the constraints of the tyre adhesive limits efficiently and effectively, whereby the load transfer due to both roll and pitch is also taken into account which directly affects the constraints. By calculating the motor torque and steering angle of each wheel in the executive layer, the total workload of four wheels is minimised during normal driving, whereas the MC efforts are maximised in extreme handling conditions. The proposed controller is validated through simulation to improve vehicle stability and handling performance in both open- and closed-loop manoeuvres.