铣刨机行走液压系统速度特性分析

本文以四轮驱动的冷铣刨机为研究对象,对冷铣刨机行走驱动液压系统的速度特性进行了分析,建立了冷铣刨机行走速度特性方程。同时,对利用冷铣刨机的行走速度来实现功率自动分配进行了分析,分析后认为,通过控制电磁阀电流可实现发动机功率的自动分配。     

Reconfigurable fault-tolerant controller synthesis for a steer-by-wire vehicle using independently driven wheels

In this paper, a synthesis method for a reconfigurable fault-tolerant control system for use in a steer-by-wire vehicle is proposed. The vehicle considered in this paper is also assumed to have independently driven wheels. The control objective in this work is to enable the vehicle yaw rate to track the reference signal even when the steering actuator breaks down. Since the vehicle yaw rate can be controlled with either the front wheel turn angle or the yaw moment generated by the independently driven wheels, this system has actuator redundancy. We attempt to design a control system that manages this actuator redundancy so that the performance degradation due to the actuator failure is minimised. We utilise a control allocator based on on-line optimisation for managing the actuator redundancy. The fault-tolerant control system with a control allocator has several excellent properties. For example, the method can handle various failure situations. Also, since the control allocation problem is reduced to a convex quadratic programming problem, the on-line computational effort is relatively little. However, so far, it has been unclear whether the stability of the control system with the control allocator is guaranteed when the actuator failure occurs. Therefore, we propose a design method of a fault-tolerant controller based on on-line optimisation that guarantees the stability of the overall system. The effectiveness of the method is established through numerical examples.     

ZD7型道岔控制模块的软硬件设计

ZD7型电子道岔模块采用高科技电子控制技术，取代原有的继电器控制电路，实现对驼峰分路道岔的直接控制。其软硬件设计充分考虑了故障-安全原则。     

基于项目控制权的代建项目风险分担机制

在项目参与方之间合理地分配风险,对于代建项目的成功是至关重要的.文章依据代建项目的契约关系分析,指出在项目所有权结构的制约下,代建单位拥有了代建项目的实际控制权,负责对项目进行全过程项目管理,并应当承担相应的风险,提出了代建项目风险分担的原则,并据此探讨了企业型代建项目的风险分担方案.依据项目所有权配置理论,项目剩余控制权与项目剩余索取权相对应.风险分担是利益分享的前提和基础,风险承担者的风险收益与项目剩余索取权匹配;风险承担者拥有相应的控制权,有积极性做出正确决策;风险分担作为制度安排的组成部分,应该实现风险分担者责、权、利的统一.     

粒子群优化算法在舰船维修费用分配中的应用

将舰船维修费用按照维修计划结构进行分解，通过回归分析方法，建立舰船维修总体效益与各项费用比例之间的分配优化模型，利用粒子群优化算法对模型最优化求解，计算实例具有较好的效果。     

机车车辆继电器和接触器可靠性试验及其成本研究

传统的机车车辆电器可靠性概念局限于型式试验,脱离了可靠性的真正意义,没有量化的数据指标,认为提高机车车辆电器的可靠性,会大幅度增加产品成本,影响企业经济效益。分析铁路机车车辆电器可靠性研究的现状和必要性,介绍机车车辆继电器和接触器可靠性要求及试验方法,分析改进机车车辆电器可靠性成本和效益的关系。     

HGM6510控制器在发电机组并联系统的应用

简述郑州众智科技股份有限公司HGM6510发电机组并联控制器系统设计工作原理及现场应用情况。     

Seasonal and short spatial patterns in European hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) recruitment process at the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean): The role of environment on distribution and condition

This study evaluates the link between the recruitment process of European hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) of the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean) and the environmental and physiological conditions. Spatio-temporal variation of abundance and condition of fish were evaluated at two locations each with different oceanographic conditions, one in the north (Sóller, SO) and another in the south (Cabrera, CA) of Mallorca Island. Environmental variables explored were hydrography, sediment characteristics, phytoplankton pigment concentration (ppc) and the trophic resources of hake. Individuals were divided in three life stages: recruits, post-recruits and young adults. Hepatosomatic index (HSI), relative condition index (K_n), gonadosomatic index (GSI) and fullness index (FI) were analysed for the three life stages. Recruitment starts in February with the incorporation of smaller hakes, and it can be followed through spring and early summer with a peak in April. However, some spatial heterogeneity in the recruitment process has been found between north and south of the Island. The main pulse of recruitment occurred at a different time in the two areas. Spatial heterogeneity was also consistent with the condition of hake recruits, with higher values of K_n and HSI at SO than at CA. Maximum values of K_n were found in February at SO and in April at CA, coinciding with the start of the different recruitment pulses to the fishing grounds. Post-recruits and young adults also showed higher condition at SO than at CA. The arrival in spring of the Western Winter Intermediate Waters (WIW) drives the spatial-temporal variation in abundance and condition of hake. Ppc was highly correlated with recruit abundance with a time lag of two months, while for post-recruits the time lag was three months. The observed differences in the condition of hake between areas could be a consequence of the fact that the waters to the north of Mallorca are comparatively more under the seasonal influence of WIW which is formed in more productive areas. Thus, this study characterises the short temporal and spatial variability in the hake recruitment process off the Balearic Islands, both in terms of abundance and fish condition. This pattern is explained on the basis of the mesoscale environmental variability observed between north and south of Mallorca and the ecological adaptive strategy of recruiting in the optimal environmental season.