Understanding the limitations of different vehicle models for roll dynamics studies

An accurate and realistic vehicle model is essential for the development of effective vehicle control systems. Many different vehicle models have been developed for use in various vehicle control systems. The complexity of these models and the assumptions made in their development depend on their application. This article looks into the development and validity of vehicle models for prediction of roll behavior and their suitability for application in roll control systems. A 14 DOF vehicle model that includes dynamics of roll center and nonlinear effects due to vehicle geometry changes is developed. The limitations, validity of simplified equations, and various modeling assumptions are discussed by analyzing their effect on the model roll responses in various vehicle maneuvers. A formulation of the popular 8 DOF vehicle model that gives good correlation with the 14 DOF model is presented. The possible limitations of the 14 DOF model compared with an actual vehicle are also discussed.     

一种摆式列车未平衡加速度测量仪的研究

介绍了一在于单摆的高精度数字测量仪，采用磁电涡流阻尼和光电编码器摆角的结构，它适合于测量车体的理论与实际倾斜角的误差，从而测量对应的未平衡加速度。对测量原理进行了分析，同时介绍了实验室条件下试验的结果。     

波形钢腹板连续刚构桥的地震响应分析

为研究波形钢腹板连续刚构桥地震响应特性,分别对主跨160 m的PC及波形钢腹板连续刚构桥进行时程响应分析。采用MIDAS建立2种连续刚构桥模型,分析模型基本动力特性和在3种地震波作用下的地震响应。分析结果表明:波形钢腹板连续刚构桥振型贡献率无明显集中现象;地震波作用下,桥墩及主梁产生的轴力和绕横桥向弯矩较PC连续刚构桥大,绕顺桥向弯矩较PC连续刚构桥小;主梁跨中节点位移顺、横桥向均较PC连续刚构桥大;加速度衰减速度,顺桥向较PC连续刚构桥小,横桥向较PC连续刚构桥大;在主梁截面设计中,仍以静力计算结果控制。     

高速公路立交入口区域行车风险评价模型

分析了高速公路立交入口区域车辆行车特征,提出了碰撞危险指数概念,考虑了碰撞可能性系数、碰撞车辆速度差、目标车道跟驰车辆在碰撞时的速度、加速度、前后车辆间距5个因素,将入口区域车辆可能发生的碰撞行为分为5种情形,研究了5种情形的发生条件,建立了相应的风险评价模型。针对不同的主线车辆运行车速、车头间距和匝道驶入车辆运行车速...     

A fundamental investigation of tilt control systems for narrow commuter vehicles

One way of addressing traffic congestion is by efficiently utilizing the existing highway infrastructure. Narrow tilting vehicles that need a reduced width lane can be part of the solution if they can be designed to be safe, stable, and easy to operate. In this paper, a control system that stabilizes the tilt mode of such a vehicle without affecting the handling of the vehicle is proposed. This control system is a combination of two different types of control schemes known as steering tilt control (STC) and direct tilt control (DTC) systems. First, different existing variations of both STC and DTC systems are considered and their shortcomings analysed. Modified control schemes are then suggested to overcome the deficiencies. Then a new method of integrating these two control schemes that guarantees smooth switchover between the controllers as a function of vehicle velocity is proposed. The performance of the proposed STC, DTC, and integrated systems is evaluated by carrying out simulations for different operating conditions and some experimental work. The design of a second-generation narrow tilting vehicle on which the developed control system has been implemented is presented.     

基于自适应形态滤波和FSWT的轨道表面凹陷长度检测

为了对轨道表面凹陷长度进行检测,提出一种基于自适应形态滤波(Adaptive Morphological Filtering,AMF)和频率切片小波变换(Frequency Slice Wavelet Transform,FSWT)的轨道表面凹陷长度检测方法。首先,建立轮轨动力学模型,研究轴箱加速度频率与轨道不平顺频率之间的关系;其次,研究AMF和FSWT的基本原理,并对FSWT中切片函数进行改进,提高FSWT对不同信号的适应性;最后,对某地铁列车的轴箱实测信号进行分析,估算轨道表面凹陷长度。结果表明该方法具有工程可行性。     

顶推船队耐波性试验研究

介绍顶推船队耐波性试验,测量不同航速、不同浪向角对应的驳船和推轮纵摇角、横摇角、重心处垂向加速度和升沉幅值、驳船连接装置处垂向加速度,并对结果进行分析。     

青岛现代化城市建设中航运发展的对策思考

加快发展青岛航运业是尽快把青岛建成现代化国际城市的重要组成部分，两者相辅相成。该文根据青岛航运业的发展状况、发展潜力以及航运在青岛城市建设中所起的作用，提出了加快青岛航运的一些有可操作的合理化建议，这些建议对青岛加快迈向现代化国际城市步伐有促进作用。     

高速动车组牵引特性分析

目前,200km/h的交流传动动车组已经运行在沪杭、沪宁既有线上。未来350km/h的交流传动动车组将在京津、沪宁城际铁路和京沪高速铁路上运行。高速动车组具有重量轻、粘着利用好、起动加速度快等特点。以CRH2型4动4拖8节编组为例,介绍交流传动动车组牵引加速度、牵引力、制动力和制动距离等的计算,以及在故障情况下的运行特点。     

Integrated evasive manoeuvre assist for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles

Development and deployment of steering based collision avoidance systems are made difficult due to the complexity of dealing with oncoming vehicles during the evasive manoeuvre. A method to mitigate the collision risk with oncoming vehicles during such manoeuvres is presented in this work. A point mass analysis of such a scenario is first done to determine the importance of speed for mitigating the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle. A characteristic parameter was identified, which correlates well with the need to increase or decrease speed, in order to reduce the collision risk. This finding was then verified in experiments using a Volvo XC90 test vehicle. A closed-loop longitudinal acceleration controller for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles is then presented. The longitudinal control is combined with yaw stability control using control allocation to form an integrated controller. Simulations in CarMaker using a validated XC90 vehicle model and the proposed controller showed consistent reductions in the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle.