SBS改性沥青常规指标与SHRP性能指标的关系

笔者选取了具有代表性的4种国产重交通道路石油沥青和4种专用型道路沥青改性剂,在试验室里采用高剪切的改性工艺制备得到16种SBS改性沥青;运用常规试验方法和SHRP试验方法,对制备得到的SBS改性沥青的高低温性能进行了研究;在综合分析各种沥青的试验结果的基础上,提出了常规高低温指标与SHRP高低温性能指标之间的关系.     

SBS改性乳化沥青的性能及贮存稳定性研究

用胶体磨法制备了掺入苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)的改性乳化沥青,并对其蒸发残留物的针入度、软化点、延度、弹性进行了测定,对乳液的微观形态和乳液的储存稳定性进行了研究.结果表明:用本法生产SBS改性乳化沥青,性能很好,符合重交通道路的规范要求;当SBS的含量在3%时,改性沥青乳液分散均匀,中粒度较小,储存稳定性较好.     

ATH阻燃改性沥青SMA路用性能研究

采用氢氧化铝(ATH)为阻燃剂,研究了ATH掺量对SBS改性沥青的阻燃性能及其SMA混合料路用性能的影响。结果表明:ATH明显提高了SBS改性沥青的阻燃性能,当ATH用量为沥青量的20%时,极限氧指数可达到23.7%。随着ATH用量的增加,SMA混合料的车辙动稳定度明显提高,马歇尔稳定度变化很小,水稳定性略有降低,在ATH掺量不大于沥青量的40%时,混合料的路用性能均可满足《公路沥青路面施工技术规范》(JTGF40-2004)的要求。     

High-speed optimal steering of a tractor–semitrailer

A high-speed optimal trailer steering controller for a tractor–semitrailer is discussed. A linear model of a tractor–semitrailer with steered trailer axles is described, and an optimal trailer steering controller is introduced. A path-following controller is derived to minimise the path-tracking error in steady-state manoeuvres using active trailer steering. A roll stability controller is introduced by adding the lateral acceleration of trailer centre of gravity as another objective in the steering controller, so as to improve roll stability in transient manoeuvres. A strategy to switch between these two control modes is demonstrated. Simulation results show that the steering controller can ensure good path tracking of articulated vehicles in steady-state manoeuvres and improve roll stability significantly in transient manoeuvres, while maintaining the path-tracking deviation within an acceptable range. Tests with an experimental tractor–semitrailer equipped with a high-bandwidth active steering system validate the controller design and simulation results. The roll stability controller reduces the measured rearward amplification by 27%.     

老化公路SBS改性沥青多次再生的流变性能与耐久性研究

提取随岳高速公路废旧SBS改性沥青作为研究对象,采用0.8粉胶比并叠加9%再生剂配置沥青胶浆,利用旋转薄膜烘烤和PAV叠加仪对SBS改性沥青进行多次老化和再生。然后通过车辙因子G、劲度模数S和蠕变因子m对多次再生SBS改性沥青的流变性能和低温抗疲劳性能进行了回归分析和总结。研究发现:随着老化与再生次数增多,再生剂对于SBS改性沥青的再生效果逐渐变差,粘弹性逐渐降低;高温下多次再生沥青胶浆的车辙因子随着再生次数的增加呈现逐渐增强的趋势,并且三次老化>二次老化>一次老化>三次再生>二次再生>一次再生>原样;中温重复加载试验中二次老化与三次再生的衰减程度差别一般为2%~3%;低温下沥青胶浆的劲度模数与再生次数呈反向关系,多次再生后沥青胶浆的m值不具有明细的规律性,多次再生样品拥有更好抗低温性能,但是m值曲线与原装沥青胶浆的离散型偏大。     

An investigation of different methods for the prevention of parametric rolling

The parametric rolling of modern containerships is emerging as a serious problem, to the extent that its effects warrant a study into its prevention. In light of this, two methods for reduction of parametric rolling are proposed and examined by physical model experiments. The first is a sponson attached to the side of a ship, the purpose being to decrease the rate of change of the rollrestoring moment. The second is an antirolling tank to increase roll damping. By conducting free-running model experiments for a 6600-TEU post-Panamax container ship with sponsons under typical parametric rolling conditions, it was found that the sponsons could decrease the magnitude of parametric rolling. The antirolling tank could prevent parametric rolling completely in certain conditions, even in severe head seas. Using the damping coefficients from experimentally derived data of a model ship with an antiroll tank, a numerical simulation was established. The numerical model was then compared with the free-running model experiments. The results indicated that the numerical model could qualitatively verify the experimental results. Finally, an attempt to optimise the size of an antirolling tank for preventing parametric rolling for the subject post-Panamax container ship in the North Pacific Ocean is presented.     

岩沥青用于石油沥青复合改性的试验研究

通过对岩沥青/SBS和岩沥青/LDPE复合改性石油沥青三大性能指标的研究,分析了岩沥青和聚合物用量比的变化对改性沥青性能的影响规律.结果表明:岩沥青与SBS复合后,对改性沥青的软化点和延度有较明显的影响,两者均随岩沥青含量的提高而下降;岩沥青与LDPE复合后对改性沥青的软化点和延度也有较明显的影响,前者随岩沥青含量的提高而下降,而后者则当岩沥青/LDPE用量比在1∶1左右时出现极大值,即岩沥青与LDPE复合后可明显改善改性沥青的延度;添加少量岩沥青有利于改善SBS和LDPE在石油沥青中的分散特性.     

基于聚合物SBS对基质沥青性能改善的研究

在国内外改性沥青研究现状的基础上,进行了聚合物SBS对基质沥青性能改善的研究,可见SBS改性沥青在我国具有广泛应用前景.     

浅谈SBS改性沥青的生产工艺

SBS改性沥青以其突出的路用性能已逐渐被公路建设行业所认可,并不断推广.结合沈吉高速公路应用改性沥青的实践经验,从改性沥青相溶性机理和原材料选择、生产、存储等方面作了较详尽的阐述.     

SBS改性沥青使用现状及一种测试新技术分析

我国改性沥青使用现状可概括为“技术水平进步,控制手段退步”.化学滴定测试掺量结合荧光测试确定加工效果是一种测试新方法.实践证明,该方法作为现行技术规范质量控制的补充手段,弥补了现有质量控制的不足,能够确保SBS改性剂掺量和加工质量,确保工程质量,具有推广价值.