哈牡线季节性冻土接触网基础处理措施探讨

针对哈尔滨至牡丹江电气化改造工程季节性冻土分布的实际工程特点,结合季节性冻土条件下接触网基础的设计理念,对本项目选用的扩大型钢柱基础和不带扩底的拉线基础进行切向冻胀应力计算分析,并考虑影响切向冻胀力的水分、土质、负温以及基础侧表面的粗糙度等主要因素,提出了对钢柱基础采用换填加扩大型基础的处理措施,对接触网的下锚拉线基础提出了换填及加大埋深等防冻胀处理措施以抵抗季节性冻土的上拔力。     

京津冀地区燃料电池汽车示范运行研究

本文在跟踪调研北京和张家口地区示范运营的燃料电池汽车的基础上,采集车辆的运营数据,完成了车辆运营里程、加氢量、百公里耗氢量、加氢次数、故障信息等数据指标的统计和分析对比,针对示范运营过程中存在的问题提出建议,论文研究结果在一定程度上概括和反映了2019年度京津冀地区燃料电池汽车的示范运营情况。     

基于灰色形态学的车牌定位技术研究

对车牌定位的各种技术及图像预处理进行了分析和比较.并提出和验证用灰色形态学与颜色掩膜相结合的方法对车牌图像进行快速定位的技术和方法.     

钢-STC轻型组合桥面螺栓连接接头区域设计（双语出版）

为解决正交异性钢桥面板疲劳开裂和铺装层易损的难题,提出钢-STC轻型组合桥面结构方案。此结构方案应用于含有钢箱梁栓接的旧桥桥面维修时,螺栓连接区域由于存在拼接钢板,导致局部接头区域STC层厚度骤减,刚度下降,受力变形趋于不利,易出现早期开裂现象,需进行局部优化设计。针对这一问题,就接头区域局部提出2项强化构造措施（①局部加密剪力钉、②部分纵向钢筋与拼接钢板局部焊接）,并进行足尺条带模型试验。以礐石大桥螺栓连接区域为例,对拟同时采取上述2项措施的情况进行验算。研究结果表明：2项措施均在不同程度上阻滞了STC层顶面接头区域内微裂纹宽度的发展,延缓了开裂,尤其当采取第2项措施或同时采取2项措施时,STC层顶面接头区域晚于一般区域开裂,即接头区域不再是设计计算中需要控制的不利区域;STC层顶面可能出现的最大拉应力为11.5 MPa,小于试验开裂荷载对应的名义开裂应力17.7 MPa,满足设计要求,即钢-STC轻型组合桥面结构方案应用于礐石大桥桥面维修可行。     

新疆天山公路道路翻浆温度场的数值模拟分析

温度差异是高原冻土地区公路路基发生翻浆的一个重要因子。通过建立的冻土路基温度场的控制方程,建立计算物理模型和数值模拟计算模型,首先模拟气候因素变化过程,得到不同时期冻土路基温度场分布,温度场随季节的变化反映了路基冻结锋面的迁移,从而分析了关键点的温度差异。提出了将换填部分冻结土与阻断水分迁移路径的抗浆结构相结合的综合防治技术设想,这对进一步研究路基翻浆的治理技术有重要的理论意义.     

复杂地形区土壤侵蚀及其影响因子提取

相对与地形平坦地区,复杂地形区土壤侵蚀的提取存在较大的难度。RUSLE是目前应用最广泛的土壤侵蚀经验模型,但它只提供了一般条件下土壤侵蚀的提取方法。为了将RUSLE有效的应用在复杂地形区,需要对模型中相关侵蚀因子提取方法进行适当的调整。因此重点对受复杂地形影响严重的地形因子和作物覆盖与管理因子的提取方法进行研究,提出了更准确的提取方法。利用该方法对三峡库区的姊归县进行实验,结果表明,该方法可以有效提取土壤侵蚀信息。     

冰荷载作用下护岸结构数值模拟

季节性冰冻河流春季开江产生的流冰会严重威胁堤防建筑物的安全,开展流冰对结构物的碰撞规律研究十分必要。为此,以松花江汤原县胜利堤护岸结构为例,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,基于结构地质地形,考虑松花江春季江面开化流冰情况,建立计入冰荷载作用下的护岸结构数值分析模型,开展护岸结构在冰排撞击作用下的有限元分析研究,理清结构承载变化规律,为季节性冰冻地区护岸结构的设计及后期维护提供理论参考和技术支持。     

Seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological processes during 1994–2001 in the Sea of Japan/East Sea: A three-dimensional physical–biogeochemical modeling study

A Pacific basin-wide physical–biogeochemical model has been used to investigate the seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological fields with analyses focusing on the Sea of Japan/East Sea (JES). The physical model is based on the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS), and the biogeochemical model is based on the Carbon, Si(OH)₄, Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) model. The coupled ROMS–CoSiNE model is forced with the daily air–sea fluxes derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis for the period of 1994 to 2001, and the model results are used to evaluate climate impact on nutrient transport in Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) and phytoplankton spring bloom dynamics in the JES.The model reproduces several key features of sea surface temperature (SST) and surface currents, which are consistent with the previous modeling and observational results in the JES. The calculated volume transports through the three major straits show that the Korea Strait (KS) dominates the inflow to the JES with 2.46 Sv annually, and the Tsugaru Strait (TS) and the Soya Strait (SS) are major outflows with 1.85 Sv and 0.64 Sv, respectively. Domain-averaged phytoplankton biomass in the JES reaches its spring peak 1.8 mmol N m^− 3 in May and shows a relatively weak autumn increase in November. Strong summer stratification and intense consumption of nitrate by phytoplankton during the spring result in very low nitrate concentration at the upper layer, which limits phytoplankton growth in the JES during the summer. On the other hand, the higher grazer abundance likely contributes to the strong suppression of phytoplankton biomass after the spring bloom in the JES. The model results show strong interannual variability of SST, nutrients, and phytoplankton biomass with sudden changes in 1998, which correspond to large-scale changes of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Regional comparisons of interannual variations in springtime were made for the southern and northern JES. Variations of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass related to the PDO warm/cold phase changes were detected in both the southern and northern JES, and there were regional differences with respect to the mechanisms and timing. During the warm PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD increased in the south and decreased in the north in winter. Conversely, during the cold PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD decreased in the south and increased in the north. Wind divergence/convergence likely drives the differences in the southern and northern regions when northerly and northwesterly monsoon dominates in winter in the JES. Subjected to the nutrient change, the growth of phytoplankton biomass appears to be limited neither by nutrient nor by light consistently both in the southern and northern regions. Namely, the JES is at the transition zone of the lower trophic-level ecosystem between light-limited and nutrient-limited zones.     

浅谈北方地区道路翻浆的成因及防治

结合工程实践分析了我国北方地区道路翻浆成因,并提出了多种防治措施。     

考虑相变过程岩体孔隙率对寒区隧道温度场时空规律影响研究

为研究寒区隧道围岩在持续低温作用或冻融循环作用过程中,考虑岩体相变过程中多相体各组分变化引起的岩石热学参数差异对围岩温度场时空变化规律的影响,利用已有岩体未冻水含量研究成果,进一步推导不同孔隙率下岩体的热学参数计算公式。基于多孔介质模型建立考虑相变过程的围岩温度场计算模型,分析考虑潜热时不同孔隙率下围岩冻结缘的空间形态变化规律,及相变过程对温度场的影响。研究结果表明： 1）饱和岩体孔隙率越高,对岩体整体热学参数影响越大; 2）低温持续作用围岩时,冻结缘向围岩深处移动并不断变宽,其宽度与其深度呈线性关系; 3）饱和围岩孔隙率对冻结缘移动速度影响较大,但对其宽度基本无影响; 4）由于相变潜热,岩体在冻融循环过程中围岩温度时程曲线出现不对称阶梯状形态,且其阶梯形状宽度与围岩孔隙率呈正相关; 5）冻融循环过程中,升温及降温过程中冻结缘临近岩体温度梯度存在差异引起的传热效率不同直接导致升温、降温时程曲线的不对称性特征出现; 6）沿硐室围岩径向向外,各处围岩体的温度时程函数与加载的温度函数存在着振幅衰减和相位滞后的现象,且岩体孔隙率越高该现象越明显。