对高速公路服务区规划与设计新理念的探讨

文章针对当前高速公路服务区存在的问题,探讨高速公路服务区规划设计新理念,指出从人性化设计理念出发,立于人与环境和谐发展的立足点,塑造富有地域特色的高速公路服务区,是服务区可持续发展和完善的关键。     

浅谈新时期高校图书馆的读者服务工作

随着现代计算机技术、网络通信技术的飞速发展,高校图书馆的读者服务工作正发生着前所未有的变革。文章从高校图书馆的读者服务对象、服务内容、服务方式等方面论述了新时期高校图书馆以人为本的读者服务工作,强调高校图书馆只有从自身建设方面着手,加强馆藏资源建设,强化馆员自身素质,提高读者服务质量,才是高校图书馆生存、发展的唯一出路。     

船载AIS设备信号异常原因分析及对策

近期,水上无线电管理秩序专项整治行动正在全国范围内开展,如何鉴别船舶自动识别系统(AIS)设备相关问题成了摆在海事现场执法人员面前的一道难题.文中通过典型案例介绍AIS工作原理和法规要求,逐一分析船载AIS设备信号异常的原因,为基层海事执法人员快速甄别AIS信号异常并打击船员恶意关闭AIS设备或修改其静态信息等违法行为...     

Analysis of corrosion risk due to chloride diffusion for concrete structures in marine environment

The chloride-induced steel corrosion is one of the main causes of deterioration for reinforced concrete structures exposed to marine environments. The chloride ingress into reinforced concrete structures is even more complex since it depends on random parameters linked to transport and chemical properties of materials, which results in variability of corrosion initiation. This variation raises the need of statistical approaches to evaluate the risk of corrosion initiation due to chloride ingress. To address this issue, we use sensitivity analysis to identify the influence of input parameters on critical length of time before corrosion initiation predicted by our chloride diffusion model. Exceedance probabilities of corrosion initiation time given that input parameters exceed certain thresholds were also calculated. Results showed that the corrosion initiation time was most sensitive to: chloride effective diffusion coefficient D_e in concrete, that is a parameter controllable by relevant stakeholders; surface chloride concentration C_s, a non-controllable parameter depending on surrounding conditions. Reducing the chloride diffusion coefficient enables us to postpone the maintenance of structures. However, the interaction between controllable parameters and non-controllable surrounding conditions was revealed influential on the reliability of results. For instance, the probability that corrosion initiation time exceeds 15 years given an effective diffusion coefficient (D_e) equal to 0.1 × 10⁻¹² m²⋅s-1 can vary from 19 to 41% according to stochastic variations of chloride concentrations (C_s) values. Postponing the corrosion initiation time was combined with a decreasing probability of its occurrence.     

Assessing urban sidewalk networks based on three constructs: a synthesis of pedestrian level of service literature

ABSTRACT

Pedestrian Level of Service (PLOS) models are widely used to assess walking facilities. These models have been in existence since the 1970s, wherein the process broadly consists of three steps, i.e. attribute selection, model calibration, and classification of model results into service-level categories, based on Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs). This paper reviews existing sidewalk PLOS studies based on their association with the three constructs of flow characteristics, built environment and users’ perception, which in combination represents the entire walking environment spectrum, as has been indicated by existing researchers. Forty-seven PLOS studies, along with eight review papers, written by authors from the Americas, Europe, Asia and Australia, between the years of 1971 and 2019, are analysed in this review. The review finds that although 49% of the studies employed both qualitative and quantitative data for their respective methodologies, but none of them use all the three broad constructs in a combined fashion. Also, in selecting the attributes to be used for developing the PLOS, these studies have only referred to previous literature available at that point in time, and not employed any consistent and robust method in selecting context-specific attributes. When it came to the preferred analysis technique, 60% of the studies favoured the use of the regression technique while calibrating their model, whereas 22% used a points-based marking scheme. Finally, 89% of the studies manually classifies the PLOS model results to respective service levels (i.e. letter grades), as opposed to utilising a classification algorithm. In addition, this review could identify only one paper that describes a PLOS based on pedestrian route directness, which is a measure of pedestrian network connectivity. In view of these findings, the review paper suggests the need of a robust methodology in selection of attributes and the use of innovative modelling techniques, both of which could allow the utilisation of all three constructs. Also, such advanced modelling techniques could bypass the need for categorising service levels manually. Finally, the study advocates the use of network connectivity measures in developing sidewalk PLOS, as it is an important part of the built environment.     

如何提高4S店售后服务的效率

效率对于任何企业而言都是非常重要的,提高4S店的售后服务的效率是每个4S店管理者关注的热点。鉴于此,本文从售中和售后两个角度分析了效率的影响因素以及提高效率所采取的必要的措施。     

Perceived service quality of paratransit in developing countries: A structural equation approach

This paper develops empirical models for evaluating the service quality (SQ) of paratransit. Specifically, several models are developed based on structural equation modeling (SEM) using twenty-four SQ variables. To calibrate those models, a data set of 2008 paratransit users of Dhaka City are utilized, who were interviewed with a structured questionnaire to know their experience, level of satisfaction and opinion about the existing service as well as their expectations. SEM reveals the observed and latent SQ variables and their relationship with the overall SQ of paratransit. Among the different models developed, the best one is selected using statistical parameters and resemblance with real life expectations. Out of twenty-four SQ variables, ‘Punctuality and Reliability’ and ‘Service Features’ are respectively found to be the observed and latent variables having the greatest influence on the paratransit SQ. Moreover, the effect of heterogeneity among users on the performance of the best model is investigated. All the study findings support the data collected from the paratransit users. The research outcomes can be utilized by the city transportation officials of developing countries to improve the overall paratransit performance to attract new users as well as retain the current ones.     

富康轿车无触点电子点火系统的检修

富康轿车ＴＵ３２／Ｋ型发动机采用无触点电子点火系统。该系统将点火信号发生器产生的点火信号传输到点火器进行放大、整形，以控制点火线圈初级电路的通断，使点火线圈次级绕组中产生高压电，击穿火花塞电极间隙，产生电火花，点燃混合气。介绍了点火信号发生器和电子点火器的结构原理与检修方法。     

混凝土桥梁使用寿命评估和最佳养护方法

介绍了一种方法，可以对结构使用寿命进行概率评估及选择最佳养护计划。这种方法基于一种新的方法，以评估侵蚀环境扩散侵蚀下混凝土结构的时变性能。概率分析的结果可以用来帮助选择不同养护类型下的修复方案，以使结构使用寿命达到设计值。在一个空心墩上的应用显示了本方法的效果。     

需求引导感知推动改善汽车行业服务质量

近年来,汽车市场竞争将着重围绕服务质量展开,以用户满意为起点,提高汽车行业的服务质量;以顾客感知为手段,改善汽车行业服务质量的认同.抓住顾客需求,管理顾客期望,引导顾客服务感知,实现企业与顾客的互动、双赢,将最终决定我们汽车行业的未来发展.