高速公路改扩建工程水土保持监测与评价

开展水土流失监测是水土保持监管的重要手段。文章以广西沿海高速公路改扩建工程一期工程水土保持监测实践为例,分析了工程建设水土流失特点,介绍了水土保持监测技术和方法,并通过对工程实例监测结果的分析评价,提出了水土保持监测工作中易出现的问题及相应的解决方案。     

保航快速干道水土保持设计

介绍了保航快速干道（西部大道至苏家屯南互通区段）新建工程水土保持设计、水土流失预测及水土流失的防治措施等,可为同类工程参考。     

A method to predict the torsional resistance of suction caisson with anti-rotation fins in clay

Suction caisson foundations have been increasingly employed as a primary solution to support the offshore fixed- or mobile-structures. Due to harsh environment and complex force transferring of offshore structures, they are still being developed as to satisfy increasing requirements in strict working scenarios. One of emerging challenges is a torsion-governing failure, which has been observed in the oil and gas industry (i.e. significant multiple-inline-force-induced torsion) and in the renewable energy field (i.e. non-coplanar tensile force induced torsion). This paper introduces a novel suction caisson foundation, with anti-rotational fins assembled on the outer skin of caisson. By a comprehensive numerical study, the evolution from local to global failure as the fin numbers from single to multiple, is examined in the clayey soil deposit with effects of soil strength heterogeneity, fins dimension, installation process and foundation-soil interface considered. Based on these, a set of methods to estimate the ultimate torsional capacity of such novel caisson is proposed, which starts from the gain in capacity for a single fin, and evaluate the changes of gains in capacity as fin numbers, then identify the optimised anti-rotational capacity. Finally, three key parameters (i.e. the required fin numbers, the available anti-rotational capacity and the optimised anti-rotational capacity) with some critical considerations, recommendations and implications have been concluded for design practice.     

长江隧道施工对周围建筑的影响研究

研究目的：在城市中心城区建造隧道，对周围建筑物的影响是个不容忽视的问题，对其进行研究，进而采取有效的措施加以保护，是工程施工顺利进行的有力保证。研究方法：采用数值模拟方法，利用大型有限元软件，通过合理的简化分析和假定建立数值分析模型，分析武汉长江隧道施工对周围历史建筑影响最大的对象——鲁兹故居的影响。研究结论：差异沉降是鲁兹故居应力分布及应力最大值的主要影响因素，差异沉降值的大小对应力分布及应力最大值的大小影响显著，工程中要严格控制地表差异沉降，尽量减小差异沉降值的大小。     

Monitoring of suction bucket jackets for offshore wind turbines: Dynamic load bearing behaviour and modelling

Suction bucket foundations for offshore wind turbines (OWT) have considerable advantages compared to conventional foundation types: Due to the installation process with dead weight and applied negative pressure, noise from pile driving can be completely avoided. In addition, the installation process of the whole substructure, consisting of the buckets connected to the jacket, can be carried out in one work step, which increases efficiency. A prototype of the suction bucket jacket was installed in the wind park ‘Borkum Riffgrund 1’ (North Sea) in August 2014. Due to the pre-installed and comprehensive measuring system, it was possible to monitor all installation and operating phases. The data analysis of a storm event show an amplitude and frequency-dependent behaviour of the soil stiffness and the suction bucket foundation without wind turbine. In the frequency range of the first and second eigenfrequency (0.2 Hz < f < 5 Hz), the system behaves linearly. Here, the Frequency Domain Decomposition is used for identification and monitoring. For the lower frequency band (0.05 Hz < f < 0.2 Hz) where higher forces and displacements occur, a non-linear multilayer perceptron is chosen to model the non-linear relations between measurements. By applying two mathematical models for the relevant frequency ranges, all the information from the measurement data can be used for system identification and novelty detection under varying environmental conditions.     

The change in soil cover on the exposed bed of the Aral Sea

Desiccation of the Aral Sea has led to the formation of new soil cover on the exposed seabed. Investigation of the newly formed dry land is very important since it is a source of dust storms and salts transferred to long distances. A soil map of the exposed seabed for 2000 has been produced on the basis of the map for the year 1990 (Institute of Soil Science, Uzbekistan), satellite images, and selected field observations of groundwater table. During the period 1990–2000, the sea recessed 20–32 km, thus changing the soil cover characteristics. The maps of soil cover with the detailed information on soil textures, the characterization of soil types, the soil formation trends, and the changes in soil types during the sea recession process are available. Attention has been paid to erosion tendencies and susceptibility to dust and salt transfers. As a whole, the soil cover was formed as a result of the replacement of excessive wetlands (salt-marsh), located in the form of strip along the sea, by hydromorphic and semi-hydromorphic, semi-automorphic and automorphic soils. The drying seabed has complicated lithological and morphologic composition. The territory of the exposed seabed is characterized by different hydrological conditions. Groundwater depth varies from 0.5 to 10 m. With the shore's recession, the water storage groundwater is approaching the surface. With general tendency towards desertification, the initial soil cover changes. The soils that did not reach the complete genetic formation, under the influence of quickly changing hydrogeological conditions, are transformed into the other types and subtypes. Often, while becoming dry, they are self-destructed and change into sands. Currently, the following types of soils are observed on the exposed seabed: automorphic solonchaks, semi-automorphic solonchaks, semi-hydromorphic solonchaks, hydromorphic solonchaks, desert sandy soils, sands.     

最优组合预测方法在内河港口吞吐量预测中的应用

港口吞吐量的预测是港口规划过程中最为基础也最为关键的一步,只有对港口吞吐量做出准确、稳定的预测,才能做出科学合理的港口发展规划。由于内河港吞吐量历史数据有限,文中采用GM(1,1)和Verhulst模型的最优组合模型对港口吞吐量进行预测。该组合模型充分利用GM(1,1)模型“少数据,短期预测准确”的优点,又针对GM(1,1)预测量的无限增大趋势,引入了Verhulst模型进行组合修正,进而提高预测值的准确、稳健性。     

普氏理论在确定抗滑桩间距中的应用

从方桩桩间土拱形成的机理、力学特性入手,将广泛应用于隧道工程的普氏系数引入抗滑桩最大间距的计算分析中,并根据桩间土拱的静力平衡,建立了相应的计算模型。同时以泸州市世寿街滑坡为例,对所推导的最大桩间距计算公式进行验证,计算结果为1 75m,与实际工程设计基本一致。     

港口吞吐量计量预测分析

通过应用国际航运的派生需求理论和计量经济分析方法,采用计量经济学中时间趋势、对数等变量分析手段,新设计了一个能精确预测港口吞吐量的经济计量方程。通过使用该计量方程,并引用厦门港吞吐量历年数据,采用两种不同的计量技术方法对厦门港2005～2008年的集装箱吞吐量进行预测,两种方法的预测结果差异很小。论文同时对两种预测方法获得的预测结果进行了误差分析,并计算出误差结果。     

稳定土拦和机转鼓反转工作过程的动力学理论模型

在试验的基础上对稳定土拌和机转鼓的转切削土壤的工作过程的的各个阶段作了分析，采用数学－物理模拟的方法，建立了相应的动力学理论模型。