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211.
The speed-density or flow-density relationship has been considered as the foundation of traffic flow theory. Existing single-regime models calibrated by the least square method (LSM) could not fit the empirical data consistently well both in light-traffic/free-flow conditions and congested/jam conditions. In this paper, first, we point out that the inaccuracy of single-regime models is not caused solely by their functional forms, but also by the sample selection bias. Second, we apply a weighted least square method (WLSM) that addresses the sample selection bias problem. The calibration results for six well-known single-regime models using the WLSM fit the empirical data reasonably well both in light-traffic/free-flow conditions and congested/jam conditions. Third, we conduct a theoretical investigation that reveals the deficiency associated with the LSM is because the expected value of speed (or a function of it) is nonlinear with regard to the density (or a function of it). 相似文献
212.
Athanasios Matzoros 《运输规划与技术》2013,36(3):215-237
This article reports on an implementation study of a computerised decision support system for public transport management for the Athens Public Transport Authority (APTA). The study analysed the current situation, specified user requirements, determined system functionality, designed the system architecture, organised the project and, finally, planned dissemination activities. The decision support system covers the main public transport management activities of APTA - transport service provision, economic and financial planning, passenger complaints and suggestions, and personnel management - offering its users the possibility to study the potential effects of their decisions before implementation. To achieve this, the system will consist of a data warehousing system, for the integrated management of a wide variety of data sources, and of online analytical processing tools, for information analysis and scenario testing. The system architecture has been designed to offer robustness, flexibility, rich functionality and open connectivity. The system aims to help APTA reduce operational costs and provide a better transport service, attracting more passengers to public transport and reducing, in the process, congestion and pollution. 相似文献
213.
“项目法施工”中机械设备管理若干问题的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
姜磊 《筑路机械与施工机械化》1998,15(2):38-41
探讨了公路施工企业推行“项目法施工”后,机械设备的管理体制及如何实现机械设备优化配置,动态管理等问题 相似文献
214.
针对目前工程中施工机械设备管理中存在的问题.提出了公路工程施工机械设备经常修理费预提使用以及修理制配人员工资分配与完好台班和修理费包干“双挂钩”的管理方法,以提高施工机械设备的完好率. 相似文献
215.
为科学、安全、有效地管理铁路生产的各技术环节,国铁集团、集团公司与各站段出台了涉及行车组织、客运组织、货运组织和铁路技术设备的运用、管理、维修等方面的技术规章,它是铁路运营和维护安全生产的基本保障。技术规章管理系统作为技术规章管理的信息化平台,是技术规章高效管理和高效运用的关键,是铁路基础管理工作的重要组成部分。本文在研究国内外情况和其他行业规章、文件管理系统后,依据集团公司实际工作需要,对集团公司技术规章管理平台方案进行研究,提出了一个更加方便、快捷、功能齐全且整体上相互协调的技术规章管理系统功能模块方案,作为指导集团公司技术规章系统建设的理论支撑。 相似文献
216.
在当今国际工程承包行业中,总承包合同逐渐成为工程发包的主流模式.总承包合同与单价合同有着本质的区别,如何做好总承包项目的合同管理,是当今国际总承包项目管理的一大重点和难题.结合大型国际总承包项目的项目管理工作实践,将心得与大家探讨. 相似文献
217.
Point-to-point (P2P) speed enforcement is a relatively new approach to traffic law enforcement. Its technology allows vehicles whose average speed exceeds the speed limit over the controlled section to be fined. It therefore encourages compliance over distances longer than those where spot enforcement policies have been in place.In this paper, a procedure for consistently setting speed limits with such enforcement systems is proposed. Such a method has been applied to design the speed limits on two motorways in the district of Naples, Italy, where P2P enforcement systems became operational in 2009 and 2010. The speed limits, which were set using the Italian geometric design standard to assess vehicle stability and stopping sight distance, have been compared with those provided by using well-known international standards.The impact of the newly designed speed limits and of the P2P enforcement system on drivers’ speeding behaviour has been quantified for each highway section and vehicle type. In fact, accurate measurements of the average travel speeds of each vehicle crossing the enforced sections, before and after the activation of the system, were available. The migration from the old speed limits with spot speed enforcement to the new approach resulted in a notable increase in drivers’ compliance to the speed limits with a remarkable decrease in both the average of individual speeds and in their standard deviation.In addition, the analysis of 3 years of data shows that a gradual adaptation of drivers’ behaviour to the system took place. In particular, a decreasing compliance to the speed limits points to a non-optimal system management. Finally, the results of a revealed preference survey allowed us to make a behavioural interpretation regarding the significantly different impacts measured on the two motorways. 相似文献
218.
本文运用系统管理理论和结构化系统分析设计方法,介绍了公路分局级通用的机电设备微机管理信息系统的目标、开发及改进途径,为公路筑养路机械的现代化管理提供了经验. 相似文献
219.
结合京张高速公路现行的养护管理机制,以及我国高速公路养护管理市场的发展现状,明确提出了自己对高速公路养护管理体制发展方向的观点:为适应高速公路发展和特性的需要,在建立一支属于高速公路自已的小型专业化养护队伍的同时,将各条高速公路的大、中修养护工程市场化、专业化。 相似文献
220.