试论标准化管理与铁路运输安全的关联度

从近几年铁路部门发生行车事故原因剖析的视角出发，阐述标准化管理工作与铁路运输安全相互间密不可分的关系，并就标准化管理工作如何紧贴铁道部“高标准、讲科学、不懈怠”要求和保障铁路运输安全，提出具体的对策和措施。     

The Impact of Recreation on Barrier Islands: A Case Study on Masonboro Island

Since 1992, coastal researchers at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington have been documenting the impacts of human recreational use on Masonboro Island, a component of the North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve, and the subsequent natural processes that mitigate these impacts. Both short-term and long-term natural mitigational processes were identified. The effects of these processes were found to be much more rapid than similar impacts on typical terrestrial settings. However, careful examination of the data suggests that both physical location of the impact site and natural variability of weather patterns and events play a role. Management implications of these findings are proposed.     

甘肃省综合运输发展探讨

文章从甘肃省当前经济社会的发展水平和铁路、公路、民航、水路等多种运输方式发展情况入手，针对甘肃省交通运输业发展的特点，重点分析了当前综合运输体系内管理体制、综合设施、运行机制等三个方面的衔接水平和协调能力，着力寻求影响和制约甘肃省综合运输体系建设的制约瓶颈，并根据当前交通运输发展的基本趋势和特点，提出了加快推进甘肃省综合运输体系建设的对策和建议。     

An exploratory investigation of the impact of ramp metering on driver acceleration behavior

Ramp metering has been proven as an effective freeway management strategy; however, the impact of ramp metering on drivers' acceleration behavior has not been fully investigated. A better understanding of acceleration behavior changes with ramp metering is critical to the adequate design of ramp metering facilities. In this study, drivers' speed and acceleration data were collected at two representative metered ramps in Los Angeles, California. The speed and acceleration profiles under meter-on and meter-off scenarios were compared. Statistical results demonstrated that ramp metering affects drivers' acceleration behavior at ramp acceleration lane. It was found that at the metered ramp with short existing acceleration length, the average acceleration rate from ramp meter stop bar to 500 ft downstream under meter-on scenario (4.72 ft./s²) is approximately 40% higher than when meter-off (3.18 ft./s²). The design of acceleration lane length for metered on-ramps should therefore take into account the potential impacts of ramp metering on driver acceleration behavior.     

对铁通网络运维管理工作的思考

如何提高运维管理效率，推行精细化管理，创建市场型运维，构建网络管理的轻松运维，成为铁通网络运维管理工作所关心的最主要问题。     

关于既有线C2等级转换点设置的探讨

为充分发挥快速铁路效益,满足区域城市交通运输需求,既有线提速开行动车组工程项目将日益增多,等级转换点的设置问题也将在设计中成为一个必须研究的课题。结合既有集包增建二线实施CTCS-2级列控系统工程,针对既有线的实际情况对C0/C2等级转换点的设置问题进行探讨,提出等级转换点的设置应在满足线路运输组织方式、尽量提高铁路线路运输能力的前提下必须考虑列车运行速度及制动距离等因素的结论。     

Can Coastal Management Programs Protect and Promote Water-Dependent Uses?

Anecdotal evidence indicates that commercial and recreational water-dependent uses have been under development pressure in recent years, and in some cases have been converted to other uses. The conversion of water-dependent uses, which range from commercial shipyards to recreational marinas, may have many public costs, including the loss of access to public trust waters, the loss of jobs and associated economic activity, and the loss of traditional working waterfronts. This two-part study investigated the role of five coastal management programs in the northeastern United States in managing, monitoring, and protecting water-dependent uses. First, coastal managers in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York and New Jersey were interviewed to assess the conversion problem. Second, in collaboration with New York City-based Regional Plan Association, follow-up interviews were conducted with coastal managers and local planners in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey to gain greater insight into the role of coastal management programs and local governments in managing and promoting water-dependent uses. This article presents select findings from this study and discusses recommendations for improving the capacity of coastal management programs and local governments to manage water-dependent uses for the benefit of the public.     

汽车生产企业如何构建DFMEA平台

随着全球化进程的推进,制定一个国际通用的汽车行业质量管理体系认证标准已经成为广大汽车生产厂家的共同呼声,在此背景下,ISO/TS16949在1999年应运而生。经过适应性更改,2003年ISO/TS16949:2002正式发布并沿用至今。五大工具是ISO/TS16949:2002推荐的产品策划、过程控制、实现预防为主及其测量系统评定的重要手段,是集世界汽车制造企业专家管理经验之大成而总结的产品质量管理方法,其在企业生产经营的过程中表现出来的质量控制的有效性已经经过实践再三检验。五大工具之一——设计潜在失效模式及后果分析(DFMEA)是ISO/TS16949:2002推荐的实现预防为主的重要手段。应用DFMEA可以识别、评价产品设计中潜在的失效及其后果,找到能够避免或减少这些潜在失效发生的措施。将这些分析过程文件化,这是对设计过程的完善。成功实施DFMEA的重要因素之一是及时性,它是一个"事前的行为",而不是"事后的处置",为达到最佳效益,DFMEA必须在产品设计失效模式被纳入到产品设计之前进行。ISO/TS16949:2002中有大小15个条款涉及DFMEA,其质量控制思想贯穿于TS16949标准全过程。如何快速应用DFMEA工具,在汽车产品设计过程中有效的进行质量控制,成为各大汽车生产厂家应该重点关注的问题。     

路基是有生命力的结构物——我国高速铁路路基建设取得的成就和需要继续解决的问题

系统归纳总结我国高速铁路路基技术体系形成、发展、完善的历程和高速铁路路基建设10年来在地基处理、路基结构层设计和填筑、路堤式路堑、过渡段、路基边坡支挡防护和防排水、路基结构与附属电缆沟槽和接触网支柱等基础的系统集成、沉降变形观测与评估等方面变革和发展取得的成就,指出正是高速铁路对路基工程刚度和变形的严苛要求,促进了我国高速铁路路基技术的革命性变革和不断进步,强化了路基结构物的建造理念,凝聚了路基结构物的生命力;同时,在非饱和土、膨胀土(岩)等方面阐释路基建设过程中仍需继续研究解决的问题。希冀本文有助于我国高速铁路路基技术体系的不断完善、创新发展,进一步提升我国高速铁路路基建造水平,增强满足列车安全、高速、舒适运营的生命力。     

铁路轨距尺的主要技术问题与对策

在介绍轨距尺相关概念、传统轨距尺和新型轨距尺主要技术特点的基础上，提出应将轨距尺按所适用线路水平（允许速度）分为3个等级进行管理。阐述了对轨距尺轨距、超高等主要技术参数的检验、检定方法及其原理。