海员心理健康的研究

本文对海员心理健康研究方法、海员心理健康现状及其影响因素、海员心理卫生保障等方面进行了回顾与展望，提出了保障海员心理卫生的相关建议，为海员心理健康的深入研究提供借鉴。     

集装箱船扭转强度和加强方式研究

介绍约束扭转计算原理,分析集装箱船的结构和受力特点,利用MSC/Nastran软件探讨了集装箱船的扭转强度计算方法。在现有结构形式的基础上,提出几种可能提高结构扭转强度的结构加强方案,通过有限元分析比较各方案对于增加同样重量的钢料船体结构中翘曲应力变化情况,比对抗扭效果,研究在考虑成本基础上提高集装箱船抗扭强度的加强方案优先顺序,结果显示对于支线型集装箱船增加舱口围厚度可更有效提高其抗扭强度。     

The effect of weld residual stress on fracture toughness at the intersection of two welding lines of offshore tubular structure

Due to the spatial complexity and fabrication characteristics of offshore platforms, it is inevitable to encounter overlaps or proximity of weld lines in tubular joints. Several international standards such as American Petroleum Institute (API), American Welding Society (AWS), and American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) regulate the minimum distance between primary weld beads; however, any logical and detailed background of this limitation has not been presented. For a non-compliant weld joint where the regulation is not met, fracture toughness calculation is a typical index to verify the structural integrity.This research consists of two parts. First, weld residual stress distributions are calculated by a 3D thermo-mechanical nonlinear Finite Element Analysis. Two crossing welds, a T-weld crossing on a butt weld, are simulated in one model. A separate tee and a butt welding simulations are also performed for a comparative purpose. Second, SIFs and J-integral values are calculated at the surface and deepest crack tip locations for four different types of semi-elliptical surface cracks. Four cracks are embedded into the weld model and the residual stress distribution from the 3D thermo-mechanical FEA are mapped to a 3D FE crack model as initial conditions. An additional axial tensile load is also imposed. SIF values are compared with those using the weighting function method for the butt weld model subject to three load cases, i.e., tensile stress only, weld residual stress only, and both of them. From the simulation, a tubular joint containing a chord girth weld intersected with weld beads of brace is found to show lower the SIF values than that having only a girth weld on chord.     

GSOG应力吸收层抑制反射裂缝能力的研究

在杨高路大修工程中使用一种新型间断半开级配的沥青混合料(GSOG)充当应力吸收层,分散板块间的水平温缩应力与竖向剪切力共同作用下的应力集中,延缓反射裂缝产生的速度.经高温稳定性、低温约束试件及嵌入式轴向加载试验,均有良好表现,对比AC-20试验段,证明它具备良好的分散应力集中的能力.     

丙烯酸泡棉胶带在汽车结构优化方面的应用

丙烯酸泡棉胶带在优化汽车结构方面已经成为了一种越来越重要的方式。为了更好地提供在汽车优化结构设计方面的选择,文章介绍了丙烯酸泡棉胶带的发展及其性能特点,针对汽车结构设计的优化,通过对丙烯酸泡棉胶带固定方式和传统机械固定方式的比较和分析,同时也通过两者在提高整车密封性能和降低整车质量方面的比较和分析进一步说明丙烯酸泡棉胶带在汽车内外饰连接固定的方式和汽车结构设计的方面提供了更加优化、更加经济和更加环保的选择。     

长短桩复合地基桩土荷载分担比研究

对长短桩复合地基在竖向荷载作用下的力学性状进行了研究,揭示了长短桩复合地基在不同桩土刚度比条件下桩土相互作用、荷载分担比、桩土应力比及荷载传递方面的变化规律。试验结果表明,此类复合地基能使刚性桩、柔性桩以及土体协调变形,合理发挥它们各自的承载能力,为今后的设计和推广应用提供了依据。     

Geometric stress distribution along the weld toe of the outer brace in two-planar tubular DKT-joints: Parametric study and deriving the SCF design equations

Regarding the research efforts expended so far on the calculation of stress concentration factors (SCFs) in tubular joints, two major shortcomings can be noted: (a) significant effort has been devoted to the study of SCFs in various uni-planar connections. Nevertheless, for multi-planar joints which cover the majority of practical applications, very few investigations have been reported due to the complexity and high cost involved; (b) majority of these research works focused on the study of SCFs at certain positions such as the saddle, crown toe, and crown heel, and they have ignored the hot-spot stress (HSS) at other positions along the weld toe. In the present paper, effects of dimensionless geometrical parameters on the SCF distribution along the weld toe of main (outer) braces in the axially loaded right-angle two-planar tubular DKT-joints are investigated. In order to study the multi-planar effect, SCF distribution in two-planar joints is compared with the distribution in a uni-planar joint having the same geometrical properties. A complete set of SCF database is constructed based on the two-planar DKT-joint Finite element models which are verified against experimental results and the predictions of Lloyd’s Register (LR) equations. The FE models cover a wide range of geometrical parameters. Six new SCF parametric formulae are developed through nonlinear regression analyses for the accurate and reliable fatigue design of two-planar DKT-joints under axial loads. An assessment study of these equations is conducted against the experimental data, the original FEM database and the acceptance criteria recommended by the UK Department of Energy.     

毛羽山隧道高地应力软岩大变形施工控制技术

兰渝铁路毛羽山隧道出口段穿越薄层状碳质板岩地层,区域原岩应力较大且以水平构造应力为主,隧道开挖过程中出现严重的大变形情况。通过分析,认为高地应力、最大水平主应力与隧道轴线呈大角度相交是大变形的主要因素。隧道施工过程中,通过采取提高支护体系刚度、合理预留变形量,以及采用长锚杆、多重支护和超短台阶法等常规措施控制了围岩变形;基于对围岩动态演化机制的认识,提出了高地应力隧道超前导洞法应力控制释放技术,开展了大型工程试验。阶段性试验成果表明,采用超前导洞有效地降低了正洞施工时的变形速率,对上中台阶影响尤为显著。通过对应力控制释放技术研究的进一步深化,有望探索出安全、高效的高地应力软岩施工新技术。     

上下重叠盾构隧道设计施工关键技术

文章结合深圳地铁2号线大剧院站至湖贝站上下重叠小净距盾构区间隧道工程实例,针对重叠盾构隧道的施工关键问题,进行了受力分析,提出下洞采取钢管支撑的施工技术措施,并通过实测进行了验证,为后续项目提供了经验。     

Stress Field Analysis of Carburized Specimen and Its Numerical Simulation

IntroductionCarburiZingiswidelyaPPiedheattre8boellttechnologyinindustry.Duringcarburizing,acasewithcarboncontellthigherthanthatofthecoreisformd;andaftethecarburzedmachinepwtbeingquenched,sdsehardenedlayeconsistedmainlyofmartensite,aswellasresidualstfOssfieldappearinit.Theresidua1stressfieldofcarburizedsteelanditsinfluenceonfatiguestrengthhavebeenstudiedexPerimenally["'],whilefewrePortscanbefoundaboatnumericalsimulationofresidualstressfieldincarburizedsPecmenaswellasitsinstataneousstressdist…