高职院校班级管理工作探析

文章探析了高职院校班级管理工作，班主任要注重培养一支责任心强、素质高的班团干部队伍、建立完善的班级考核管理激励制度、做学生的“良师益友”、加强就业指导，提高学生职业能力，促使学生成为社会建设需要的高素质和技能型的人才。     

砂、石材料坚固性试验的研究

通过进行砂、石材料坚固性直接冻融和硫酸钠法的对比试验,总结出对工程耐久性的影响和两种方法不可替代的关系。     

Multimodal travel groups and attitudes: A latent class cluster analysis of Dutch travelers

For developing sustainable travel policies, it may be helpful to identify multimodal travelers, that is, travelers who make use of more than one mode of transport within a given period of time. Of special interest is identifying car drivers who also use public transport and/or bicycle, as this group is more likely to respond to policies that stimulate the use of those modes. It is suggested in the literature that this group may have less biased perceptions and different attitudes towards those modes. This supposition is examined in this paper by conducting a latent class cluster analysis, which identifies (multi)modal travel groups based on the self-reported frequency of mode use. Simultaneously, a membership function is estimated to predict the probability of belonging to each of the five identified (multi)modal travel groups, as a function of attitudinal variables in addition to structural variables. The results indicate that the (near) solo car drivers indeed have more negative attitudes towards public transport and bicycle, while frequent car drivers who also use public transport have less negative public transport attitudes. Although the results suggest that in four of the five identified travel groups, attitudes are congruent with travel mode use, this is not the case for the group who uses public transport most often. This group has relatively favorable car attitudes, and given that many young, low-income travelers belong to this group, it may be expected that at least part of this group will start using car more often once they can afford it. Based on the results, challenges for sustainable policies are formulated for each of the identified (multi)modal travel groups.     

荒沟抽水蓄能电站地下厂房开挖过程微震活动特征与围岩稳定性研究

牡丹江荒沟抽水蓄能电站地下厂房具有典型的“大跨度、高边墙、多洞室交叉”的工程结构特点，在陡倾结构面、中等地应力等复杂地质条件和强卸荷开挖的影响下，洞室围岩片帮、掉块等局部稳定性问题突出。针对此问题，构建荒沟抽水蓄能电站地下厂房微震监测系统，对地下厂房开挖卸荷过程进行实时监测，揭示围岩内部岩石微破裂的萌生演化过程及其对围岩稳定性的影响。结果表明： 1）开挖卸荷的强施工扰动引起的围岩高能量释放，导致主厂房上游边墙围岩内的断层破碎带局部损伤加剧，诱发大量微震事件； 2)微震事件在主厂房上游侧拱肩区域沿断层走向呈条带状分布,且在厂房下游侧边墙与3#支洞交汇的洞室结构薄弱部位聚集； 3）识别主厂房上游边墙桩号厂左0+20 m至厂左0+80 m段是围岩潜在失稳区域。     

Improving the estimation of total and direction-based heavy-duty vehicle annual average daily traffic

Abstract

The estimation of annual average daily traffic (AADT) is an important parameter collected and maintained by all US departments of transportation. There have been many past research studies that have focused on ways to improve the estimation of AADT. This paper builds upon previous research and compares eight methods, both traditional and cluster-based methodologies, for aggregating monthly adjustment factors for heavy-duty vehicles (US Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classes 4–13). In addition to the direct comparison between the methodologies, the results from the analysis of variance show at the 95% confidence level that the four cluster-based methods produce statistically lower variance and coefficient of variation over the more traditional approaches. In addition to these findings – which are consistent with previous total volume studies – further analysis is performed to compare total heavy-duty monthly adjustment factors, both directions of traffic, with direction-based monthly adjustment factors. The final results show that the variance as well as the coefficient of variation improve on average by 25% when directional aggregate monthly adjustment factors are used instead of total direction.     

鹤壁五矿深部软岩交岔点研究与应用

随着煤矿采深的不断加大,深部软岩交岔点稳定性控制已成为煤矿开采的又一难题。为了良好地控制交叉点处围岩的稳定性问题,结合鹤壁五矿三水平二车场交岔点处支护工程实例,通过地质调查、理论分析及数值模拟(FLAC3D),提出了鹤壁五矿三水平二车场交岔点处围岩稳定性控制对策——锚网喷+锚索+单桁架耦合支护技术,并在实践中得到了验证,效果良好。     

丰沙铁路8号隧道内落石分析及处理措施

丰沙铁路8号隧道由于修建时间较早,部分段落为无衬砌隧道,经过长时间的风化、振动及地下裂隙水等因素影响,无衬砌段发生了围岩脱落,严重威胁行车安全。经过地质勘察,分析围岩脱落的形成原因,通过地质雷达无损探测结合理论分析,确定围岩松动圈的厚度,结合铁路的实际运营、宽度限界条件、施工条件等,通过方案对比,采用TECCO柔性防护网、注浆等方式对无衬砌段进行防护,长短锚杆结合的方式稳定防护网,并通过有限元分析长锚杆注浆对围岩位移、应变的改善作用。通过这些加固措施,最终达到了防止围岩脱落,加固无衬砌隧道的目的。     

软岩隧道初期支护沉降变形分析及控制方法

目前存在对软岩隧道初期支护变形的错误认识,造成施工成本的浪费、安全风险的增大、进度被严重制约等不利影响,所以非常有必要对隧道初期支护变形进行研究分析并控制。首先以“矿山法”工程实践证明软岩隧道预留变形量是不必设置的,再通过各种权威文献说明以容许变形来实现围岩自承的观念是对“新奥法”的曲解,是错误的,需要找出支护变形的真正原因并控制。通过总结分析隧道支护常见的6 种位移及其组合,得出为控制初期支护变形需要解决支护底脚地基承载力和支护结构强度2 方面问题。于是建立以“分布锚杆+钢架+喷射混凝土且系统分布锚杆模拟为具有法向和切向作用力的链杆支座的结构力学模型”,可计算出支护结构底脚应力及截面最大应力等值,由此可得出对地基承载力和支护结构强度要求的明确标准,或对改善支护底脚抗力提供数值依据。计算结果表明: 系统分布锚杆能极大地降低支护结构的弯矩、轴力内力和底脚应力,从而增强支护结构的承载力和降低基底应力,使变形和沉降得以有效控制。     

管棚支护技术在武广客运专线隧道软弱围岩开挖中的应用

研究目的:由于隧道洞身横穿软弱围岩,结构松散,围岩稳定性极差。为了解决这一施工中遇到的问题,因此特别针对软弱围岩的开挖支护进行了技术研究。研究结果:通过管棚注浆超前支护在桐木冲隧道出口软弱围岩开挖中的应用和监控量测,进一步地了解了管棚注浆支护的原理,有效地阻止了开挖时软弱围岩的坍塌和涌水,为隧道的施工安全提供了保障。