铁路工程建设水土流失预测研究

随着铁路建设步伐的加快,铁路建设过程中引起的水土流失问题日益受到重视,以包兰线包头至惠农段电气化改造工程为研究对象,分析了沿线水土流失形式,确定了流失量,并对预测结果进行了总结。     

多媒体网络教学的思考与建议

主要介绍了多媒体网络教学的制约因素,提出了搞好多媒体网络教学的几点建议,并提出对于多媒体网络教学这一现代教学技术应扬其长避其短.     

应用空间有限元模型进行船舶总振动特性的研究

本文以17500吨货船“海建”号为实例研究应用空间有限元模型计算船舶总振动的方法。对于实际船舶结构中的板,提出用平面应力元简化,以减少计算自由度数,由此产生的问题采用节点主从关系的方法解决。在编制的计算程序中,根据质量矩阵高度稀疏的特点,采用了稀疏存储技术,从而使船舶整体空间模型的振动分析能在国产中小型机器上实现。实例计算结果和测量结果的比较表明,这种计算模型合理、可靠。本文还对船舶总振动计算的梁模型、平面有限元模型、空间有限元模型作了比较和讨论。     

水泥生产作业场所呼吸粉尘管理浓度研究

依据我国现行粉尘最高容许浓度,采用回归法、总粉尘与呼吸粉尘比例系数法研究了作业场所呼吸粉尘管理浓度.结果显示,游离SiO_2≤10%的水泥与煤尘管理浓度分别为2mg/m_3、3.5mg/m_3,与国家颁布的MAC一致:石灰石、混合生料粉尘分别为 3.5mg/m_3与3.1mg/m(?)(?)(?)粘土与熟料粉尘为4mg/m_3.     

常规潜艇总体设计评价准则和评估方法研究

基于常规潜艇的综合作战能力、可靠性、维修性、保障性、风险性和全寿命周期费用(即经济性)等主要属性,建立了常规潜艇总体设计的综合评价准则,给出了评价准则的计算公式和常规潜艇总体设计的评估方法.举例说明了综合评价准则和评估方法在常规潜艇总体设计过程中的参数分析、系统综合和方案评估时的重要作用.     

浅谈PCMW工法在基坑支护工程中的施工工艺及质量控制

PCMW工法作为支护的新技术、新工艺,因其施工速度快、效果好以及止水质量容易保证等优点,已经开始广泛应用在难度较大、施工要求高的基坑支护工程中。结合具体工程实例,介绍了PCMW工法施工工艺以及质量控制方法。     

固定型阀控密封铅酸蓄电池使用及寿命检测的探讨

对固定型阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池的使用方式和寿命检测方法进行了讨论。针对固定型阀控铅酸蓄电池的使用特点,分析比较了几种寿命测试方式。有针对性的提出了固定型阀控密封铅酸蓄电池的建议使用方式,并分析了采用此种使用方式的意义。     

海洋工程结构物风载荷计算方法比较

为方便海洋工程结构物设计者选择合适的风载荷计算方法,以一艘大型油船为例,分别采用目前常用的几种风载荷计算方法对其所受的风载荷进行计算,计算结果与实验结果比较分析表明,Blendermann方法的计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

Assessment of policies and detection of unintended effects: Guiding principles for the consideration of methods and tools in policy-packaging

Single policies or entire policy packages are often assessed using different methods aiming at a quantification of effects as well as the detection of undesired outcomes. The knowledge of potential impacts is essential to take informed policy actions. Hence, there is a constant need for efficient assessment approaches to support policy decision-making. A broad range of such assessment methods is used in policymaking. Some of them are using quantitative data; others are characterized by qualitative information, observations or opinions. Practical experiences with transport policy prove that these methods all have their pros and cons, but none of them are able to detect the full range of effects. This leads to important questions this article deals with, such as what are the strengths and limitations of the different tools and methods for assessing impacts, and how should different approaches be integrated into the policymaking processes?We analyze the ability of assessment methods to detect different kinds of intended and unintended effects, and introduce the concepts of structurally open (mainly qualitative) and structurally closed (mainly quantitative) methods. It is argued that these concepts support making the pros and cons of the tools and methods more explicit and, thus, allow integrating the different tools and methods into the process of policy packaging. Based on a policy package example, we provide practical recommendations on how to integrate different assessment methods adequately and show that both quantitative and qualitative tools should be used in different phases of the process. The main recommendation is to alternate the application of assessment methods with structurally open methods used in the beginning and the end of the policymaking process and applying structurally closed methods in between.     

城市慢行系统规划方法研究——以厦门市同安新城及环东海域东部新城为例

为提高慢行系统规划方法对具体实践工作的指导性和操作性,研究提出基于使用者需求分析的慢行系统规划"需求引导法",用于指导宏观层面和中观层面的慢行系统规划。"需求引导法"的操作过程首先通过分析山水格局和用地结构,建立慢行系统初始方案,其次对初始方案进行需求侧要素点和供给侧要素点两方面的评价,并根据评价结果对初始方案进行多轮优化调整,从而构建宏观层面供需平衡的慢行骨架系统。中观层面根据组团功能、慢行交通集聚程度划分慢行分区,并结合路网条件供给,提出各分区的慢行发展模式。最后以厦门市为例说明"需求引导法"的操作过程。