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61.
In this paper, reasonable paths in transit networks are defined as possible paths that satisfy the acceptable time criterion and transfer‐walk criterion. A recursive algorithm for finding all of the reasonable paths in a transit network that does not involve a rapid increase in program run‐time with network size is presented. Realistic transit networks in Hong Kong and Guangzhou were selected as case studies of the different phases of the development of a trip planning system. Transport planning practitioners and potential users were invited to test the system to evaluate its performance. The results of the prototype evaluation were satisfactory, and the viability of the system as a useful tool for supporting decision‐making has been confirmed by the positive feedback that was obtained from survey questionnaires. 相似文献
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面向21世纪的海事控制理论探讨:船舶营运安全的基本要素结构 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
IMO自成立以来始终致力于减少船舶事故。1998年实施的ISM规则和STCW78/95公约,以及即将遍布全球的PSC网,能否有效地降低海事数量?如何控制“人为因素”?如何控制21世纪的海事?经分析,提出了船舶营运安全的基本要素结构:“人-机-环境-管理”理论假说。经检验,假说便于全面查找事故原因和预防措施,便于分析和弥补IMO现行安全措施的不足,方便了海上安全学科体系的构建。进而提出了包含该理论的海事控制策略建议。为将海事控制由经验型的事后性纠正,上升为科学型的事前性预防,提供了一种研究和控制模式 相似文献
65.
建设工程实行工程量清单计价已开始推行。此文在介绍采用工程量清单计价的优点和意义的基础上,阐述工程量清单计价与定额计价存在的根本差异(定价方式和价格范围),并对存在的差异进行原因分析。通过分析与研究,提出缩小2种计价方式存在差异的应对措施:根据项目工期要求和对市场价格变化的预测,批复初步设计概算时应充分考虑预备费;缩短定额计价更新期,及时更新人工单价和主要材料价格;依据施工图编制工程量清单,研究开发工程量清单计价及管理系统软件,合理确定标的。 相似文献
66.
《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(4):359-373
A range of tangential forces is generated within the contact patch when a wheelset moves on the rail. These forces are intensified when incorporating curved tracks and motored axle rail vehicles [Arrus, P., de Pater, A.D. and Meyers, P., 2002, The stationary motion of a one-axle vehicle along a circular curve with real rail and wheel profiles. Vehicle System Dynamics, 37(1), 29–58]. The wheelset is subject to flange contact if an unbalanced force remains in a curve towards the high rail gauge face. The resultant force in the transverse direction includes the lateral force, the radial force, and the creep forces in addition to the effect of the frequent wheelset displacement due to the kinematic oscillation [Iwnicki, S., 2003, Simulation of wheel–rail contact forces. Fatigue Fracture Engineering Material Structure, 26, 887–900]. This article has focused on a potential variation in some of the forces cited when the wheelset is subject to backward and forward movements. A severe wear rate observed within the wheel flange region in Iranian Railways was investigated by operating a test bogie on a curvaceous track. An obvious improvement in the wear rate and wear pattern of the wheels was attained when the second test bogie encountered a bogie direction reversal procedure. This enhancement is considered in this article from the force analysis standpoint. 相似文献
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介绍了某重卡调整线运用IE手法,引入工业工程中的作业分析、程序分析、作业分析、动作分析等方法和思想,对生产线进行改善。 相似文献
69.
宁云中 《华东交通大学学报》2010,27(4):92-95
"犹太性"是指犹太作家在其作品中所表现出来的某种与犹太文化或宗教相关联的一种思想观念,主要体现在某犹太作家本人或其作品中人物的思维方式、心理机制以及任何能表现犹太人生活、性格、语言、行为等特点的东西。犹太裔作家塞林格在《麦田里的守望者》中展现的主人公霍尔顿的精神流浪及其"滞后"心理等特征隐蔽地表现了该小说的犹太情结。 相似文献
70.
T.J. Andersen L.C. Lund-Hansen M. Pejrup K.T. Jensen K.N. Mouritsen 《Journal of Marine Systems》2005,55(3-4):123-138
This study was carried out to describe the difference in erodibility and aggregation in a tidal basin including both subtidal and intertidal study sites and to use these results to explain the shifting erosion/deposition cycles at the sites. Erosion thresholds, erosion rates and settling velocities of the eroded material were measured at a mudflat transect and at sediment cores taken from a nearby tidal channel during surveys made in May 2000 and March 2002. Surface samples were analysed for grain-size, chl. a content, faecal pellet content, dry bulk density and organic content. Additionally, surface samples were taken at eight occasions in the period January 2002 to May 2003 from shallow tidal channels in the area. These samples were analysed for mud content and showed that major shifts in sediment distribution occurred in the period. The erodibility of the mudflat was generally high due to pelletization by the mudsnail Hydrobia ulvae but close to the salt marsh much lower erodibility was found, probably due to stabilisation by microphytobenthos. In contrast, the erodibility of the channel bed seemed to be very little influenced by biological activity and the relatively low erodibility found here was caused by physical characteristics of the sediment. The sediment eroded from the mudflat was generally strongly pelletized and showed high settling velocities whereas less aggregation and lower settling velocities were found for the channel bed sediments. Temporal variations of the mudflat stability and hydrodynamics resulted in temporal variations of deposition and erosion and the changing stability at the mudflat is likely to be one of the main reasons for a general transport of fine-grained sediment from the mudflat to the channel in the cold seasons and vice versa during the rest of the year. 相似文献