基于多目标模糊决策的公路客运枢纽评价方法

在公路客运枢纽方案评价过程中,涉及大量不确定因素和模糊因素。为协调这些因素,并降低人为因素的影响,采用二元对比重要性排序采确定各因素的权重,将备选方案与理想方案的几何偏差作为选优依据,为科学合理地的选择公路客运枢纽提供一种定量的方法,最后给出实例说明方法的实用性。     

Experimental Study on Mechanical Behaviors of Prefabricated Column-Base Joint with Grouted Sleeves Connecting Longitudinal Reinforcements in Tunnels北大核心CSCD

In recent years, large shield tunnels with internal double-decked lanes have been developing rapidly in the field of highway tunnels, and prefabricated elements are increasingly adopted in internal structure. Based on the columns-base joint in Zhuguanglu tunnel, which is under construction, 2 full-scale specimens are designed for the quasi-static test, one specimen is connected with grout sleeve splicing and the other is cast in place. The test results show that: the bearing capacity of specimen with grout sleeve splicing is equal to that of cast-in-situ specimen, but its ductility and energy dissipation capacity are worse than that of the cast-in-situ specimen. And for the specimen with grout sleeve splicing, there exists crack concentration on the area above the sleeve. The crack width is too larger in this area. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Soil Body Deformation Caused by Construction of a Double-Line Shield Tunnel with Multiple Factors北大核心CSCD

Considering the influence of many factors (soil loss, frontal additional thrust, the friction force of the shield shell and the additional grouting force), a method for improving the uniform soil body movement model is pro-posed, and a mechanical calculation model is established to study the calculation method for soil body deformation caused by double-line parallel shield driving. Based on the Mindlin solutions of elastic mechanics, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by the last three factors are calculated; considering the uniform soil body movement model, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by soil loss are calculated, then the to-tal theoretical solutions for soil body deformations under multiple factors are obtained by means of superposition. The vertical surface settlement, vertical horizontal displacement, and vertical displacements of the soil body at different depths of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 are calculated to analyze the variation laws. Meanwhile the influential factors for horizontal displacement variation are studied. The research shows that with a change of depth, the settlement of the soil body changes within the scope of 10 to 13 m in the horizontal direction near where the maximum settlement occurs;the direction of the horizontal displacement of the soil body changes with a change of the positional relationship be-tween the calculation points and the tunnel; and with an increase of interval J for the two tunnels, the horizontal dis-placement of the soil body of a deep double-line tunnel decreases while the displacement near the surface changes slightly. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

A Study of Prevention Techniques for Tunnel Lining Defects北大核心CSCD

Defects of tunnel lining, such as inadequate thickness, voids, cracks, rock falling and water leakage etc., endanger the safety of railway tunnel operation. Based on the site construction, an analysis of the reasons for lining defects was conducted; technical measures against lining defects were proposed and tests were carried out at site. The results show that these measures are reliable and effective, and the purposes of prevention and treatment are re⁃ alized. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

潮位对深海筑堤工程深层土体水平位移的影响

深海筑堤工程中必须对深层土体进行水平位移监测。自动化测斜技术每天能在固定时间自动监测传感器读数,如果设置监测间隔为48 min,即潮位隔天的推迟时间,则可以分析出潮位对深海筑堤工程中深层土体水平位移的影响。结合浙江某筑堤工程的自动化测斜随潮位变化的监测数据等,找出潮位对深海筑堤工程中深层土体水平位移的影响及规律,提出适用于类似工程的应用方法和案例。     

整体推进式桩基码头结构设计与施工

针对在拉美和非洲地区部分码头建设中,存在大型船机设备缺乏和长周期波较为明显、常规打桩船作业和预制构件安装困难的问题,基于一般桩基码头结构,在设计和施工两个方面进行优化,采用桩顶施工行走平台方法施工,利用桩基自身作为支撑结构,大量采用叠合式上部结构,实现将海上施工转化为陆上施工的创新,形成整体推进式桩基码头结构,规避大型船机设备缺乏和长周期波较为明显的问题,具有良好的经济性和对强震区的适应性。     

长江口深水航道治理工程不同阶段北槽丁坝群坝田泥沙冲淤分析

根据长江口深水航道治理工程不同阶段的地形分析,定量分析不同工程阶段影响下北槽丁坝群坝田冲淤厚度以及地形变化。结果表明:在不同的工程阶段,北槽南北侧坝田冲淤差异受工程进度影响,总体呈逐年淤积趋势,南北侧坝田呈"洪季多淤、枯季少淤积"的状态,北侧坝田淤积厚度大于南侧。北槽主槽与坝田地形变化在2010年之前变化较大,2010年之后,主槽基本趋于稳定,变化较缓,坝田则持续淤积。     

海底柔性管道技术研究

随着海洋油气勘探开发的发展,柔性管道得到越来越广泛的应用。文中介绍了柔性管道的分类及结构,重点描述了粘结和无粘结柔性管道,无粘结柔性管道是目前国外发展趋势和研究重点。阐述了柔性管道的技术优势以及适用范围,同时介绍了柔性管道的发展状况、设计准则以及国外的主要制造厂商。国内柔性管道技术与世界先进水平之间还存在较大的差距,采用无粘结技术以及适用超深水环境将是国内未来深水海底柔性管道技术发展的方向。     

轴舵系照光找中工艺流程优化

在轴舵系照光找中方面,虽然传统拉线法设备简单、操作简便,但由于钢丝本身存在挠度,导致测量精度无法保证。随着超长轴系船舶不断增多和船舶建造精度的不断提高,拉线法已不能满足当前船舶建造精度的需要。优化后的轴舵系照光找中工艺采用光学仪器与激光设备代替拉线,所测量的数据更精准、更直观。经多型船实践证明,新的轴舵系照光找中工艺,通过改变过去照光的生产技术,不仅提高船舶建造效率和质量,而且为船厂进一步节约建造成本。     

新型深水块石抛填和夯平一体化施工船研发应用

本文依托长江南槽一期深水航道整治工程,在深入研究现有块石水下抛填方法的基础上,研发了新型的开敞式深水快速高精度抛填和整平一体化新设备,对其可行性进行了多次测试试验,确定了装备的选型。并采用数值模拟、物模试验等结合的方法进行了结构的验算,确保设备的使用可靠性。该设备可以适应35m水深、2m/s流速,配有实时定位系统,可以实时采集抛填区域的施工效果,实现了抛填和夯平施工和质量检测一体化,通过施工数据分析,该设备达到了93%的抛填合格率,在精度提高至±20cm时合格率可达85%,整平精度可以达到5cm,创新了抛填施工的新装备,经鉴定,该装备达到了国际先进水平,可为类似设备建造选型提供借鉴。