Transport choice behaviour of Chinese and Australian tourists in Scotland

This study aimed to investigate and analyse the internal pre-purchase transport choice behaviour of Chinese and Australian tourists in Scotland. A literature review was carried out to explore the pre-purchase internal transport choice behaviour of tourists. A questionnaire was designed based on the findings of the literature review. A convenience sampling plan was developed to achieve a valid and statistically significant sample size for the two selected markets: Chinese and Australian tourists. Surveys were distributed directly within the Highlands and indirectly through tour operators. A number of significant differences in pre-purchase transport choice behaviour were found between independent and tour travellers and between Chinese and Australian tourists. A number of other variables including English language capabilities, country of residence, education levels and previous travel experience were also found to have significant influences on the process. A number of recommendations relating to market analysis and research, promotion and product development were made to Scottish tourism transport providers based on the findings.     

优先发展城市公共交通的意义与策略

公共交通作为城市经济和民众生活中最为重要的基础性设施,优先发展城市公共交通更有其重大现实意义.为进一步落实城市公共交通优先发展战略,提高城市公共交通持续发展能力,要做好城市公共交通规划、重视政府在城市公共交通优先发展中的重要地位和作用、提高对公共交通的政策扶持力度、进一步规范公共交通市场行为、提高公共交通企业核心竞争力...     

印度应对城市机动化策略

为应对快速的城市机动化进程及其带来的负面影响,印度政府早期采取诸如修建立交桥和拓宽道路等办法,结果却导致了更多的机动车数量增加和更严重的交通拥堵。为此,印度政府实施了＂国家城市交通政策＂,重点投资公共交通和非机动交通方式;同时还制定了＂国家城市更新计划＂,以此建立鼓励地方政府执行国家政策的激励机制,提高对城市基础设施的投资水平。这些创新政策的实施,推动了一系列公共交通项目的发展,也促进了城市内部交通体制改革和城市综合交通发展规划的制定。     

Model,process, technique,and the good thing

The paper unpacks the planning process into its component parts: model, process, technique, and goals—the “good thing”. The paper advances the concept that planning, policy-making, and organizational restructuring can be analyzed under the same framework. Each of the four components is described and reductionist examples are presented to clarify the intention and to illustrate the technique that the transport analyst teams employ in their work. The examples cover both successes and failures. They point toward the enormous scientific task ahead for planning to become meaningful and relevant to the problems of today. Finally, in the frame of the willingness to pay, the paper puts forward a case for an institutional framework for a financially autonomous road administration. Similarly organized, administered, and managed entities are relevant also for other transport modes.

智能公路技术展示系统设计与实现

交通部公路科学研究院(国家ITS中心)在公路交通综合试验场实现了智能公路技术展示系统。该系统依托该试验场内3.7 km的环形组合试验路,以基于车路协调理念的在途信息服务与驾驶辅助为主题,集成了近年来智能公路研究领域的典型成果,包括基于位置的交通信息服务(LBS)、车道保持辅助驾驶、视距不良条件下的视野拓展(弯道路段障碍物预警)、动态称重WIM与超载预警、IP接入与出行服务等功能,通过技术展示和试乘试驾,为驾驶员和乘客提供信息服务和安全辅助,体验未来信息社会中的公路交通出行方式。展示活动受到了国内外专家学者的广泛关注和好评。本文将主要介绍该展示系统的功能与实现。     

基于动态重复博弈的车辆换道模型

在对车辆换道行为分析的基础上,提出了一种应用动态重复博弈原理建立车辆换道模型的方法,对每个阶段车辆的博弈过程以及车辆行为策略进行了描述,并利用速度期望的值作为车辆不同行为决策概率,在此基础上,考虑影响车辆速度期望的各个因素来对车辆速度期望的获得进行了分析。通过对不同交通流条件下实际调查的车辆换道次数与仿真值进行比较,表明了所提出模型的有效性。     

铁路危险货物运输的环境保护分析

针对铁路危险货物运输中存在的环境污染风险,分析了我国铁路危险货物运输中存在的不足和事故环境污染的特点,提出了依法行政整章建制、合理规划办理站布局、改善运输设备及条件、加强人员培训等相应的防范措施和建议。     

苏州市公共交通优先通行技术及策略研究

苏州市正面临着出行向机动化方式转变的关键时期,公交优先作为缓解城市拥堵的重要策略,是苏州城市可持续发展的重要保障。文章首先分析了优先发展公共交通对苏州的重要意义,阐述了苏州公交发展所面一陆的挑战,接着探讨了如何从规划、政策、服务、管理和具体技术措施如公交专用道的车道位置选择、公交专用道的隔离方式与交通标志设置、公交专用道的停靠站设置形式等几方面保障公交优先发展。文章最后提出了苏州优先发展公共交通的几点建议。     

Part 3. Multivariate road safety models: Future research orientations and current use to forecast performance

The third part of the state-of-the-art focuses on the future of road safety modeling and on conjectures concerning the evolution of national safety indicators. In the absence of econometric developments specific to road safety modeling, the research future must rely on pre-existing statistical procedures of econometrics applied to discrete/count and to aggregate data. In terms of contents, growing interest in the heterogeneity of road accident outcomes by category of victims could lead to treatments of this issue across research streams, say by top-down and bottom-up developments, but this speculation does not rest on extant adequate formulations of the issue of road user class and victim analysis. But understanding the time profile of aggregate national performance indicators is quite another matter.