Relationship between logistics infrastructure and trade: Evidence from Spanish regional exports

Geographical factors and transport infrastructure are two of the key determinants that influence international competitiveness. In this sense, the quality of such infrastructure and how widespread it is, the distribution and capacity of logistics facilities in a country, as well as the number of private operators and their degree of specialisation, all play an increasingly important role in the design of business strategies aimed at increasing a country’s share of the international market. Until recently, however, availability and access to logistics services have been considered secondary factors when defining business competitiveness. This paper estimates an augmented gravity model of trade that specifically includes logistics and transport infrastructure indicators as explanatory variables. The model is estimated by using bilateral exports from 19 Spanish regions to 64 destinations (45 countries and 19 Spanish regions) with data for the period 2003–2007. The findings show that logistics is indeed important for the analysis of trade flows in goods and they highlight the importance of logistics measures at the regional level. In particular, the number, size and quality of logistics facilities positively influence export flows.     

Spontaneous emergence versus technology management in sustainable mobility transitions: Electric bicycles in China

This paper describes and seeks to understand the scale of the electric bicycle (electric two-wheeler) market in China, and to begin to explain its emergence with a view to outlining the prospects for learning from this case for applications in other countries around the world. Drawing on secondary data from Chinese government sources, electric bicycle industry websites, Chinese media sites and other sources, this exploratory paper positions the development of the electric bicycle market as occurring largely in the absence of positive policy intervention – in stark contrast to the nurturing afforded the electric car sector world-wide. The paper develops a multi-scalar perspective of transitions theory in an institutional setting, with examples drawn from Beijing and Fuzhou, to explain the processes of change outside of the traditional reference context of technology policy and management. It is concluded that transitions theory has a greater flexibility and adaptability as an explanatory framework than previously shown, but empirically the electric two-wheeler is a weakly-embedded alternative to mainstream automobility.     

Future advanced long-haul Evacuated Tube Transport (EET) system operated by TransRapid Maglev (TRM): a multidimensional examination of performance

This paper presents a multidimensional examination of the infrastructural, technical/technological, operational, economic, environmental, social, and policy performance of the future advanced Evacuated Tube Transport (ETT) system operated by TransRapid Maglev (TRM) (the ETT-TRM system). The examination implies analyzing, modeling, and estimating selected performance criteria using the case of the Trans-Atlantic passenger transport market currently served exclusively by the Air Passenger Transport (APT) system. The purpose is to assess the ETT-TRM system’s competitive capabilities compared to those of the current and future APT system and consequently its potential contribution to mitigating impacts of both systems on society and the environment – the sustainability of the transport sector - under given conditions.     

浅谈出租汽车对城市交通的影响

本文在对北京市出租汽车进行抽样调查的基础上,定量的分析了出租汽车占道率、平均有效载客率、空驶率、平均载客率和出租汽车道路浪费率,得出了北京市出租汽车存在占道率高、空驶率高、载客率低、道路浪费率高等运营问题,并提出了合理引导其发展的相关建议.     

RFID技术在公交优先中的应用

在城市道路交通拥堵日益严重的今天,公共交通的发展受到各大中城市的高度重视.发展公交,除了增加公交车数量,修筑公交专用道外,如何提高公交的服务质量,提高公交的运行效率至关重要,本文将结合RFID技术,就如何提高公交的运行效率进行探讨.     

消除公交串车——一种基于GPS与GIS的实时控制方法

城市公共交通系统是一个包含人、车、路、环境、能量和信息的高度非线性的大规模复杂系统。公交串车问题严重降低了公交服务的可靠性,本文综合运用系统工程理论与方法,给出了公交串车与大间隔的定义,提出了公交串车与大间隔问题的成因分析模型、基于BP人工神经网络的行车间隔预测模型和基于GPS与GIS的实时动态反馈控制模型。最后,对北京公交300路车所采集的680组数据进行了实证分析。分析结果表明所使用的方法能有效地消除公交串车问题,同时也能为公交企业自身的运营管理和乘客的出行规划提供有价值的决策参考。     

河谷型城市公交线网特征与规划

本文针对我国河谷型城市在现有公交线网规划中存在的诸多问题,从河谷型城市的定义与特征入手,分析了河谷型城市公交线网的特征和存在的问题,就河谷型城市公交起讫点和换乘枢纽的设置进行了研究,阐述了几种相应的布局模式各自的优缺点及适应条件。通过对河谷型城市所具备特点的综合分析,并结合现有的交通方式,提出了适合我国河谷型城市公共交通发展的规划模式,从多方面对河谷型城市公共交通规划提出了改进意见,对河谷型城市公交线网规划具有一定的指导作用。     

广州市公共交通一体化发展策略研究

居民出行的多样化,要求建设一体化的公共交通系统。首先介绍了城市交通一体化和公共交通一体化内涵,分析了广州市公共交通发展存在的问题,最后在此基础上提出了广州市公共交通一体化发展策略。公共交通一体化对于合理利用公共资源、有效调配运力运量、提高运输综合效率具有重大意义。     

呼和浩特市客运出租汽车数量预测模型研究

一个城市的客运出租市场是否需要投放出租汽车和投放数量的多少,不仅影响服务质量,也影响每位出租汽车经营者的自身利益,从而影响整个．出租汽车行业的稳定与健康发展。本文对出租汽车影响较大的因素进行了统计和相关性分析,确定了自变量,采用回归模型和曲线拟合的方法建立了未来年份的出租汽车数量预测模型,预测结果和往年历史数据对比表明,时间变量的一元线性模型和实际值较接近;幂函数曲线的预测值增加较快,就呼和浩特市的具体情况,幂函数曲线的预测效果较好。本文给出了适合呼和浩特市区的出租汽车发展趋势和合理的数量预测。     

基于GSM-R的移动客运信息系统

介绍GSM-R及其应用,分析铁路客运信息系统存在的问题,基于GSM-R的移动客运信息系统建设的必要性,以及系统建设的难点和关键问题,并且提出基于GSM-R的移动客运信息系统的建设思路.