Public perceptions of the use of dynamic message signs

Intelligent transportation systems have been promoted as a means to improve both the efficiency and safety of the road network. The effectiveness of advanced technologies in improving road safety has been an area of research which has thus far yielded mixed results. In order to ensure that advanced technologies deliver on their intended outcomes, more research has to be devoted to understanding road users' perceptions and reactions to these systems. This study examines drivers' perceptions of the use of dynamic message signs and their self‐reported reactions to the messages displayed. In general, drivers support the use of highway electronic boards for traffic incident reports and weather information which have an impact on traffic delays and level of service. They also think that it is a good idea to display road safety messages and to remind drivers to drive safely and be courteous on the roads. Moreover, most drivers reported that they do read and think about the messages displayed and react positively to some of the road safety messages.     

利用Cruise软件进行整车动力性和燃油经济性仿真分析

本文论述了利用CRUISE软件进行汽车建模的过程,并对某重型商用车的动力性和燃油经济性进行了仿真分析。     

Factors influencing support for local transportation sales tax measures

Sales tax measures passed at the local level and dedicated to transportation projects have become increasingly popular in the United States. While revenues from fuel taxes stagnate, growth of local transportation sales taxes (LTSTs), most approved in local elections, has led to a gradual shift of the financial base for transportation projects away from user fees and toward broader-based taxes. In this study, the relationship between voter support and the social, political, and geographic characteristics of the voters is explored. Using precinct-level voting data and census demographic data for three local transportation sales tax elections in Sonoma County, in the San Francisco Metropolitan area of California, regression models were constructed to analyze this relationship. In addition, the relationship between the outcomes of the three measures was explored to better understand which transportation projects might have garnered more support for the successful measure. It was found that the closer voters lived to the transportation projects to be funded, the greater their support. Higher incomes were also positively related to support, controlling for other variables. Political leanings were found to affect support, with the direction of the effect dependent upon the project list in each measure’s expenditure plan. Finally, it appears that the latest measure, which passed successfully, benefited greatly from its multi-modal expenditure plan.     

基于知识的原油运输船港航系统的评价决策模型及分析

我国原油进口是一项长期的国家战略,原油进口量逐年增长,原油进口的的海运需求相当大,所以需要科学合理的原油运输系统的论证、设计和建设。本文从原油运输船型的发展和趋势出发,运用基于知识的最短路径模型,结合综合必要费率对包含船、港、航和货值的原油运输系统经济性进行了计算和分析,从而选择合理的原油运输船型和专用码头的合理吨位。     

对铁路发展集装箱多式联运的思考

随着我国国民经济发展水平的提高及货物在区域间流动的加快,集装箱运输需求量有了快速的增长。在介绍和分析了铁路发展集装箱多式联运的必要性、取得的成效及目前存在的问题基础上,对铁路发展集装箱多式联运提出了相应建议。     

基于车载信息采集平台的智能交通系统实现方式

本文介绍了智能交通系统特点和发展,分析了车载信息采集平台的软件结构设计,提出了设计信息采集平台的基本功能要求和建立方式,进而讨论了智能交通系统的功能实现过程和运行情况.     

香港回归与上海经济和航运业的发展

随着１９９７年香港的回归和９０年代上海经济持续稳定的发展，中国未来半出现丙个国际中心城市－香港和上海。如何认识这两个国际中心城市之间的关系对中国经济的发展是至关重要的。本文从经济和航运两方面对这一问题进行了深入的分析。     

车辆安全行驶智能系统设想

笔者针对车辆的不安全行驶所造成的大量道路交通事故现象,从智能交通系统的概念和交通人机系统的原理出发,设想了车辆安全行驶智能系统,以实现对车辆超速、行驶稳定性、跟车、超车等行为的智能预警与控制.     

加快上海枢纽港建设,促进城市经济的发展

本文从枢纽港、航运中心和城市经济金融贸易中心之间的相互关系，说明上海经济金融贸易中心的建立，必须以发达的航运业为基础，而枢纽港建设是航运发展、航运中心建立的关键。上海枢纽港的建设，有利于增强与亚太地区其它中心港、枢纽港的竞争能力，从而更好地参与世界集装箱运输大循环，有利于加快上海经济金融贸易中心的建立，促进上海经济的快速发展。同时文章从上海及周边腹地经济的发展状况等方面阐述了上海建设国际枢纽港的可能性，最后指出了拓宽融资渠道，加快上海枢纽港建设的途径。     

Policy challenges of increasing automation in driving

The convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) with automotive technologies has already resulted in automation features in road vehicles and this trend is expected to continue in the future owing to consumer demand, dropping costs of components, and improved reliability. While the automation features that have taken place so far are mainly in the form of information and driver warning technologies (classified as level I pre-2010), future developments in the medium term (level II 2010–2025) are expected to exhibit connected cognitive vehicle features and encompass increasing degree of automation in the form of advanced driver assistance systems. Although autonomous vehicles have been developed for research purposes and are being tested in controlled driving missions, the autonomous driving case is only a long term (level III 2025 +) scenario. This paper contributes knowledge on technological forecasts regarding automation, policy challenges for each level of technology development and application context, and the essential instrument of cost-effectiveness for policy analysis which enables policy decisions on the automation systems to be assessed in a consistent and balanced manner. The cost of a system per vehicle is viewed against its effectiveness in meeting policy objectives of improving safety, efficiency, mobility, convenience and reducing environmental effects. Example applications are provided that illustrate the contribution of the methodology in providing information for supporting policy decisions. Given the uncertainties in system costs as well as effectiveness, the tool for assessing policies for future generation features probabilistic and utility-theoretic analysis capability. The policy issues defined and the assessment framework enable the resolution of policy challenges while allowing worthy innovative automation in driving to enhance future road transportation.