道路与环境景观融合设计

针对忻阜高速公路忻州至长城岭段沿线特殊的自然、人文环境特点,结合勘察设计典型示范工程道路与环境景观融合的设计理念,充分利用沿线的自然和人文景观元素,通过科学合理的规划设计,实现了高速公路的线型美、建筑美与自然环境和人文景观的有机结合。     

保价运输与运输保险的竞合关系研究

通过分析铁路保价运输与运输保险之间竞合关系,建立保价运输市场份额模型和利润模型。其中,市场份额模型包括自然增长模型、合作模型、竞争模型与竞合模型。在此基础上,确定铁路保价运输在与运输保险竞合关系基础上的最优保价费率模型,分析二者的竞合关系对保价运输费率和保价运输市场份额的影响。     

装备保障企业质量文化层级建设的实践与探索

文章从“思想层级”质量文化建设、“规范、行为层级”质量文化建设和“物质层级”质量文化建设3个方面阐述了装备保障企业质量文化建设的思路和方法。     

广义梯度理论中交通文化梯度的解释结构模型研究

为了对交通文化进行深入研究,作者简要介绍了广义梯度理论的主要思想及其对梯度理论的发展,并以交通文化梯度的含义和内在关系为研究对象,在广义梯度理论的指导下,找出了26个交通文化梯度因素,确定了系统各要素之间的相互关系和层级递阶结构.采用系统工程的方法,利用结构方程对交通梯度进行系统和全面的分析与研究,最终得到一个基于广义梯度理论的交通文化梯度解释结构模型.得到的模型不仅可以清楚刻画交通文化梯度各要素之间的层级关系,而且为设计交通文化梯度评价指标打下了基础.     

道家思想在家居设计中的应用研究

道家思想是中华文明的重要组成部分,其思想和理念渗透到我们生活的方方面面,道家思想中的精髓对现代健康生活方式的培养具有重要意义。在当前产品设计领域,道家思想还没有得到很好的应用,也缺少相关的理论研究。文章对道家思想之于设计的价值进行了探讨,以家居设计为例,从道家思想和产品实用功能、形态美感、精神气质等方面的结合角度进行研究,探讨其应用的原则和方法,并结合实际设计案例验证它的可行性。     

Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice

The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted.     

TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained.     

半军事管理模式与文化的耦合及创设

文章基于半军事管理在航海院校人才培养工作中的实践,以半军事管理效能的提升为出发点,提出了半军事管理模式下管理与文化的耦合及创设的方式,具有较强的指导意义。     

Resolving the property right of transportation emissions through public–private partnerships

The application of public–private partnerships (P3’s) in the transportation sector has grown in popularity worldwide. Despite this important shift in the provision of transportation service, there are clear gaps in knowledge about the impacts of P3 projects, especially on emissions from transportation systems as a whole. Not only should policy makers evaluate the emissions impacts from P3 projects, but they should also think about innovative models that address or charge for emissions into P3 contracts. This addition to P3 contracts could provide a new solution to the long-existing property right paradox: who owns (is responsible for) emissions from transportation systems? This study attempts to fill the research gap by analyzing these innovative models. Using the road network of Fresno, California, as our case study, we offer a number of interesting insights for policy makers. First, average peak emissions costs range from 1.37 cents per mile (the do-nothing case) to 1.20 cents per mile (profit-maximizing cases) per vehicle. Although emissions costs from the P3 projects are lowest for the profit-maximizing cases, the system-wide emissions costs of these cases are highest because of spillover effects. Second, charging project owners for the emissions costs of P3 projects is not an effective way to reduce emissions or the total costs of travel, especially on a VMT basis. Instead, the public sector should implement emissions-included social cost-based price ceilings. When employing these limits, project owners could still be charged for the emissions costs. Finally, using total travel time as the only objective function for evaluating P3 projects can be misleading. Several P3 projects have shown better outcomes using total travel cost with the inclusion of emissions and fuel consumption costs, instead of using total travel time as the only objective function.     

古代中朝海上交往与船文化交流

本文以古代中朝海上交通为主线,论及华夏文明在朝鲜半岛的传播以及中国古代造船技术对朝鲜的影响.频繁的海上贸易导致黄海两侧中朝港口的繁荣.