Calibrating trust through knowledge: Introducing the concept of informed safety for automation in vehicles

There has been an increasing focus on the development of automation in vehicles due its many potential benefits like safety, improved traffic efficiency, reduced emissions etc. One of the key factors influencing public acceptance of automated vehicle technologies is their level of trust. Development of trust is a dynamic process and needs to be calibrated to the correct levels for safe deployment to ensure appropriate use of such systems. One of the factors influencing trust is the knowledge provided to the driver about the system’s true capabilities and limitations. After a 56 participants driving simulator study, the authors found that with the introduction of knowledge about the true capabilities and limitations of the automated system, trust in the automated system increased as compared to when no knowledge was provided about the system. Participants experienced two different types of automated systems: low capability automated system and high capability automated system. Interestingly, with the introduction of knowledge, the average trust levels for both low and high capability automated systems were similar. Based on the experimental results, the authors introduce the concept of informed safety, i.e., informing the drivers about the safety limits of the automated system to enable them to calibrate their trust in the system to an appropriate level.     

An empirical investigation on consumers’ intentions towards autonomous driving

Major steps towards implementation of autonomous and connected transport are being taken nowadays. The trend of automation technology being used in vehicles by the most important vehicle manufacturing industries is expected to move closer to high or fully Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) through technological advancements in sectors of robotics and artificial intelligence. Vehicles with autonomous driving capabilities are planning to be available on market, in full scale, in the next years. In the longer term substantial benefits are mainly expected for accessibility to transport, safety, traffic flow, emissions, fuel use and comfort. All these potential societal benefits will not be achieved unless AVs are accepted and used by a critical mass of people. Addressing these challenges, this paper: (a) proposes a technology acceptance modelling process by extending the original Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to explain and predict consumers’ intensions towards AVs, (b) based on the proposed TAM-extended framework, a 30-question survey was conducted in order to investigate the factors influencing consumers’ intensions to use and accept AVs. Results show that the constructs of perceived usefulness, perceived ease to use, perceived trust and social influence, are all useful predictors of behavioral intentions to have or use AVs, with perceived usefulness having the strongest impact. The insights derived from this study could significantly contribute to ongoing research related to technology acceptance of AVs and are expected to allow automobile industries to improve their design and technology.     

改进的BP神经网络方法在舰船修理费用预测中的应用

文章基于神经网络理论,以某型舰船特装修理费用为例,建立了改进算法的BP神经网络预测模型,最后对海军舰船特装修理费用进行了中短期预测。     

舰船综合状态评估及维护维修技术

从系统维护维修技术的发展趋势,分析了目前舰船综合状态评估及维护维修的技术现状;参照O SA/CBM标准研究了综合状态评估及维护维修系统的体系结构,并采用该标准实现了该系统模块之间的通信。上述研究为舰船综合状态评估及维护维修技术数字化、集成化的实现与应用作出了有益的尝试。     

关于局域网安全路由器基本配置的探讨

研究广域网及局域网路由器，利用路由器的各项功能，注意广域网端、局域网端及公共服务器3个方面的设置，给内部用户提供更好的网络服务，提高企业的经营效益。     

基于随机Petri网的GSM-R越区切换成功率的形式化分析

首先建立了基于随机Petri网的GSM-R越区切换模型,在模型中综合考虑了信道故障、信道占用和越区切换参数配置不合理等影响越区切换成功率的因素.其次,说明了随机Petri网与马尔可夫链的关系,以及使用马尔可夫链分析“GSM-R越区切换的随机Petri网模型”的方法.最后,利用SPNP工具分析了影响GSM-R越区切换成功率的因素,发现GSM-R小区预留信道越多,越区切换成功率越高;列车运行速度越高,越区切换成功率越低;在一定范围内,列车追踪间隔越大,越区切换成功率就越高     

桥梁病害管理系统设计

根据目前桥梁的运营现状和管理需求,提出基于Internet的桥梁管理系统研究与开发的总体思路,对设计目的、前期工作、功能、用户权限、操作流程、数据字典、运行环境等进行介绍,设计出一套通过计算机对桥梁病害进行管理的软件,使桥梁病害的管理工作达到事半功倍的效果。     

基于TTS和SR技术的英语自学系统设计

文-语转换技术和语音识别技术是实现英语自学系统的关键技术。介绍了英语自学系统的工作原理和软件结构,并在．Net环境下导入了语音应用程序编程接口-The Microsoft Speech API,利用该接口编程实现了朗读训练、听写训练和阅读训练等功能。系统综合运用了声音和动画的多媒体手段,获得了良好的人机交互效果。     

基于Perti网的业务流系统的语义描述

尝试利用Perti网理论对包括航运业务流程在内的以信息传递为主的业务流系统的语义描述进行了系统的探讨。内容主要包括：业务流系统特点分析、业务流的基本Perti网语义描述、业务流的基本流程关系描述、冲突消解及业务能力有限的Perti网实现、业务流程的组合分解与抽象细化的Perti网实现、不同性质的任务标识与激发的Perti网语义描述、业务流属性的Perti网语义描述等。