基于VISSIM仿真的畸形交叉口渠化设计方法研究

国内对一般交叉口渠化的研究已较为成熟,但针对畸形交叉口渠化的研究则缺乏系统性。通过分析畸形交叉口渠化的基本思路,从交通调查、方案比选、通行能力计算及方案评价等四个方面提出畸形交叉口渠化的基本步骤．并采用VISSIM仿真软件对渠化方案进行评价,这将有助于更好地对畸形交叉口渠化设计开展研究和实践。     

基于VISSIM微观仿真的错位交叉口改善策略

错位交叉口是一种特殊的平面交叉口,由于其自身特性,严重影响了交叉口的通行能力和行车安全。通过对错位交叉口的研究提出相应的改善策略,对提高交叉口的通行能力和行车安全具有非常重要的意义。利用微观交通仿真软件VISSIM的模拟和预测功能,对淄博市人民路与西六路错位交叉口进行仿真分析,结合组群城市中心城区的实际情况,提出多个微观改善策略,具有一定的现实意义。     

Modeling delay at signalized intersections with channelized right‐turn lanes considering the impact of blockage

This paper presents a probabilistic delay model for signalized intersections with right‐turn channelization lanes considering the possibility of blockage. Right‐turn channelization is used to improve the capacity and to reduce delay at busy intersections with a lot of right‐turns. However, under heavy traffic conditions the through vehicles will likely block the channelization entrance that accrues delay to right‐turn vehicles. If the right‐turn channelization gets blocked frequently, its advantage in reducing the intersection delay is neglected and as a result the channelization lane becomes inefficient and redundant. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) neglects the blockage effect, which may be a reason for low efficiency during peak hours. More importantly, using HCM or other standard traffic control methods without considering the blockage effects would lead to underestimation of the delay. To overcome this issue, the authors proposed delay models by taking into account both deterministic and random aspects of vehicles arrival patterns at signalized intersections. The proposed delay model was validated through VISSIM, a microscopic simulation model. The results showed that the proposed model is very precise and accurately estimates the delay. In addition, it was found that the length of short‐lane section and proportion of right‐turn and through traffic significantly influence the approach delay. For operational purposes, the authors provided a step‐by‐step delay calculation process and presented approach delay estimates for different sets of traffic volumes, signal settings, and short‐lane section lengths. The delay estimates would be useful in evaluating adequacy of the current lengths, identifying the options of extending the short‐lane section length, or changing signal timing to reduce the likelihood of blockage. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

城市道路不规则交叉口渠化设计

不规则交叉口是城市交通的瓶颈,合理的渠化设计是提高不规则交叉口通行能力的重要途径,但国内针对不规则交叉口渠化的研究较少,且缺乏系统性。文章分析了不规则交叉口渠化的基本思路,从交通调查、现状问题分析、渠化设计及方案评价等4个方面提出了不规则交叉口渠化的基本步骤．并结合VISSIM仿真软件对渠化方案进行评价,论证方案的合理性。     

城市道路平面交叉口改进方案评价方法的研究

针对城市道路平面交叉口改进方案评价的复杂性,建立了交叉口改进方案的综合评价指标体系,提出了基于层次分析法(AHP)的评价模型与方法,采用定量与定性相结合的方法确定了各项评价指标及其分级标准。并对北京市交大东路和学院南路平面交叉口的改进优选方案进行了实例分析, 并采用 VISSIM 微观动态仿真软件,对该改进优选方案进行了模拟仿真评价验证。     

典型交叉口公交通行改善方案研究

根据石家庄市中山路与建设大街交叉口的交通现状,提出该交叉口公交通行改善的必要性,分析公交车辆产生通行延误的主要原因,针对延误原因,提出以信号配时优化、信号相序调整和站台延伸为主要内容的改善方案,并利用交通微观仿真软件VISSIM,对改善方案进行仿真分析和方案优化,获取了较为理想的公交通行改善方案。     

基于VISSIM的城市施工路段堵塞对策研究

以武汉市街道口施工路段为例,利用实地调查交通数据,得出拥堵车辆中小汽车为大多数,并采用交通仿真软件VISSIM模拟不同交通状况下交通流运行情况,在保证施工顺利进行和正常交通秩序的前提下,分析并提出了建造临时桥梁以解决施工路段堵塞的方法。     

Application of traffic microsimulation for evaluating safety performance of urban signalized intersections

The primary objective of this paper is to provide a statistical relationship between traffic conflicts estimated from microsimulation and observed crashes in order to evaluate safety performance, in particular the effect of countermeasures. A secondary objective is to assess the effect of conflict risk tolerance and number of simulation runs on the estimates of countermeasure effects so obtained. Conflicts were simulated for a sample of signalized intersections from Toronto, Canada, using VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation and several crash–conflict relationships were obtained. A separate sample of treated intersections from Toronto was used to compare countermeasure effects from the integrated crash–conflict expression to a conventional, but rigorous crash-based Empirical Bayes before-and-after analysis that was already done, with the results published, for the same sites and treatment. The countermeasure considered for this investigation involved changing the left turn signal operation for the treated intersection sample from permissive to protected-permissive. The results support the view that countermeasure effects can be estimated reliably from conflicts derived from microsimulation, and more so when a suitable number of simulation runs and conflict tolerance thresholds are used in the crash–conflict relationship.     

综合待行区对交叉口通行能力及延误影响的研究

综合待行区的设置对于交叉口空间资源的有效利用、通行能力的提高和延误的减少具有重要作用。在讨论综合待行区设置条件的基础上,分析综合待行区的设置对信号灯交叉口通行能力及延误的影响。以某双向8车道信号交叉口为例展开研究,并应用VISSIM软件对改善效果进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:设置待行区域后,交叉口通行能力有显著提升,且平均延误也有所降低。     

基于VISSIM的交叉口行人二次过街模拟

车行道较宽的交叉口,为保障行人过街安全,减少行人过街延误,缩短机动车信号周期,提高交叉口通行能力,可在交叉口设置行人为二次过街的方式。以南昌市洪都北大道—南京东路交叉口为例对行人信号相位进行设计并优化机动车信号配时,用VISSIM进行该交叉口的行人二次过街模拟,证实行人二次过街可以提高交叉口通行能力。