不同应力路径下黏性土的力学特性研究

对上海地区⑤1层软黏土进行了常规三轴、减压三轴试验,以研究考虑不同应力路径的力学特性。分析了初始固结状态对软黏土应力路径的影响,比较了不同应力路径下土体的应力-应变关系特征和孔隙水压力变化规律,计算了土体抗剪强度指标。研究结果表明,应力路径对土的峰值强度、孔压、有效应力路径等特性影响很大,软粘土的应力-应变关系具明显的非线性,且基本呈应变硬化型;常规三轴试验中孔隙水压力为正值,减压三轴试验中总体为负值;初始固结状态对黏土的抗剪强度有一定的影响,且影响主要来自对黏聚力值上,对内摩擦角值影响较小。     

Cross-shelf circulation and phytoplankton distribution at the summertime New England shelfbreak front

We investigate aspects of the secondary (cross-shelf) circulation at the Middle Atlantic Bight shelfbreak front using high-resolution data collected on the New England Shelf in August 2002. The alongshore shelfbreak jet coincides with the front at the seaward edge of the cold pool (remnant winter shelf water) and there is a suggestion of a cross-stream convergence centered at the jet core. Despite indications of convergence we found no evidence of a surface subduction on the seaward side of the front. At depth 70 m near the shelfbreak there was a patch of chlorophyll, located within a local temperature–salinity maximum which, though significantly below the euphotic zone, appeared to be photo-acclimated and viable. The chlorophyll feature could be the result of a local subduction by a larger scale eddy circulation seaward of the front.Dye tracer experiments directly observed the convergence at the foot of the shelfbreak front and subsequent upwelling of bottom boundary layer water along the shoreward side of the shelfbreak front. But, we found no evidence that this upwelling influenced productivity at the front. Further, since there was no cross-shelf maximum in subsurface chlorophyll at the front, we conclude that this productivity is in general, sustained by a broadly distributed local vertical nutrient flux from an underlying nutrient reservoir.     

城市道路固定型交通检测器布局优化模型

交通信息采集是智能交通系统的重要基础,准确、可靠的数据是动态交通管理、控制的重要保障。分析影响检测器布局的因素,主要包括交通流的特性、道路交通环境、居民出行路径的选择等,提出基于检测器利用率最优的规划模型。探讨模型参数的计算方法,根据观测样本的均值和方差计算交通量波动系数,用最短路径法计算路段客观重要度。阐述模型的求解过程,通过比较几种传统优化算法的优缺点,设计改进隐枚举算法,并给出具体步骤。     

Drivers' perceptions regarding speeding and driving on urban residential streets with a 30 km/h speed limit

Previous studies have shown very little information regarding drivers' opinions, attitudes and behaviours with respect to speeding and driving on urban residential streets with a 30 km/h speed limit. The present research aims to address this issue by conducting a questionnaire study with a sample of 367 Japanese drivers. The results showed that drivers tended to have positive beliefs about complying with the 30 km/h speed limit and understand the negative consequences of speeding; however, a majority of the drivers considered breaking the speed limit as a way to reduce their travel time. While the extent of speeding was found to be very serious, a number of drivers still supported the use of a 30 km/h speed limit on residential streets and favoured protecting the right of vulnerable street users. The logistic regression models developed in this study identified that the drivers who did not support the 30 km/h speed limit were associated with those who had committed traffic-law violations, who had negative beliefs about complying with the speed limit, who did not consider residents' opinions, who believed it is acceptable for them to drive at a high speed, and who felt it difficult to refrain from speeding. With regard to anti-speeding countermeasures, under drivers' point of view, streets should be designed to make the 30 km/h speed limit more credible, although this study also showed evidence supporting the application of public awareness programmes and social campaigns as speeding interventions. In addition, this research investigated drivers' speed choices in various specific driving circumstances, and six underlying factors affecting drivers' speed choices were determined. On the basic of the findings, the implications and suggestions for speeding interventions were also discussed.     

变截面预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥0~#块空间应力分析

针对预应力对薄壁箱梁结构0#块剪滞效应影响研究不足的现状,以某变截面预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥为背景工程,基于Midas Civil建立全桥整体模型,并用ANSYS建立该桥0#块实体模型。分析0#块在不同工况下的空间应力状况,揭示0#块的受力特性和应力分布规律,同时分析最大双悬臂状态下预应力对箱梁0#块剪力滞效应的影响,得出预应力对剪力滞效应有抑制作用等结论。     

低剂量水泥稳定碎石基层沥青路面结构力学分析

针对低剂量水泥稳定碎石基层沥青路面,选择我国当前高速公路和干线公路半刚性基层沥青路面典型结构型式,采用弹性层状体系力学分析软件Bisar3．0分析计算路面结构层底拉应力,并考虑基层厚度和模量、不同面层厚度对其的影响。计算结果表明：增加底基层厚度对于层底拉应力影响较小,底基层厚度增加10cm,基层层底拉应力仅降低0．023MPa;底基层模量对基层层底拉应力有显著影响,其模量越高,基层层底拉应力就越小;面层厚度对基层层底拉应力影响较大,基层层底拉应力随面层厚度的增加逐渐减小,当面层厚度在18～20cm时,水泥稳定层层底拉应力为0．086～0．082MPa。     

铜威高速公路毕节至威宁段0~#块托架计算与施工

托架是0#块工程中的重要受力结构,其计算与施工对工程的整体质量有着决定性的影响,以铜威高速公路毕节至威宁段0#块托架施工工程为例,对其托架计算与施工方法进行阐述,为同类工程提供可行的参考。     

基于ARM嵌入式调距桨控制系统设计方案

调距桨广泛应用于各类舰船上,微机化调距桨控制系统是一个重要的发展趋势.基于高性能ARM嵌入式调距桨控制系统设计方案,提高了调距桨智能化水平,实现了高速匹配算法控制及高效可靠信息传送机制.分布式模块化设计的控制系统具有易维护、可移植、可扩展的特点,为现代船舶工业全船监控网络发展奠定技术基础.     

高效液相色谱法测定水溶液中芘的实验研究

建立表面活性剂与有机物共存体系中芘测定的高效液相色谱法.采用C18反向色谱柱(2.1mm×100mm,5μm),通过调节和控制流动相、柱温、流速等因素,得到芘的优化测试条件.结果表明:流动相选用乙腈-水(80:20,V/V),流速0.20mL·min-1,柱温25℃是最优测试条件.同时,对TX-100存在与不存在情况下芘的测试结果进行比较分析,使用OriginPro 8.6对实验数据进行线性拟合,并进行统计学t检验,结果表明:X-100存在与否对水溶液中芘的测定没有显著影响.     

悬浇箱梁0#块钢管支架施工探讨

介绍江苏省237省道盐河桥主桥悬浇箱梁0#块支架施工过程,重点详述了钢管支架的施工要点及验算步骤,同时与贝雷支架对比,对此类施工方案的安全性、经济性、装拆方便性进行了分析和总结。